Sun Weishi

Sun Weishi

Sun Weishi (1921-october 14, 1968), formerly known as sun Guangying and Li Lin, was born in Nanxi County, Sichuan Province, sun Bingwen's daughter and adopted daughter of Zhou Enlai, known as "Red Princess". The founder of new China drama, one of the three directors of new China. Representative works include the drama Paul Kochakin, the imperial envoy, uncle Vanya, etc.

During the cultural revolution, he was persecuted by Jiang Qing, ye Qun and others and died at the age of 47. On June 9, 1977, the art Bureau of the Ministry of culture held a ceremony for the placing of sun Weishi's portrait in Babaoshan Revolutionary Cemetery to rehabilitate the people's artist.

Life of the characters

In 1921, sun Weishi was born into a revolutionary family.

In 1934, at the age of 12, he went to school in Beiping Beiman girls' middle school.

In 1937, he went to Wuhan Eighth Route Army Office with his elder brother Sun Yang.

In 1938, he joined the Communist Party of China. After the outbreak of the Anti Japanese War, he joined the national salvation performance team of Shanghai Drama circle, and then went to Yan'an to study in the Anti Japanese military and Political University and the Marxism Leninism college.

In April 1949, sun Weishi bought a cemetery at Wan'an cemetery in the western suburb of Beijing, buried his biological mother Ren Rui, and asked Zhou Enlai to inscribe a tombstone. At the same time, she bought her father's graveyard on the east side of her mother's tomb, preparing to move the remains of her father sun Bingwen from Shanghai to Beijing to join her mother Ren Ruihe.

In December 1949, he accompanied Mao Zedong to visit the Soviet Union and served as the translation team leader.

In 1958, sun Weishi was hospitalized. Deng Yingchao rushed to the hospital to see her. After returning home, she still felt uneasy and wrote another letter to sun Weishi.

On May 3, 1966, Premier Zhou Enlai visited Daqing for the third time and met sun Weishi, who was living in Daqing.

In September 1967, when Jiang Qing and Chen Boda met with the red guards of colleges and universities in Beijing, they agreed that Sun Yang, vice president of Renmin University of China (Sun Weishi's brother), was a bad man, a Japanese spy, a su Xiu spy and a Kuomintang spy. A few days later, Sun Yang died in the basement of Renmin University of China.

In December 1967, Jiang Qing threw sun Weishi's husband, Jinshan, into prison on the charge of "special suspicion". In the name of "criminal evidence" of searching Jinshan, he made a house raid on Sun Weishi and took away a large number of letters and photos of sun Weishi.

Late at night on March 1, 1968, the door of sun Weishi's house was knocked, and he was charged with "Su Xiu spy". A group of people rushed into the house without saying anything and took sun Weishi out. The car turned outside for some time before it stopped. Sun Weishi was put into a dark room. Sun Weishi was beaten black and blue. Night trial. It was not the public security organs that arrested sun Weishi, but a group of active servicemen of the air force. They arrested sun Weishi according to Ye Qun's instructions, and ye Qun acted according to Jiang Qing's instructions. In order to prevent Zhou Enlai from rescuing him, they didn't put sun Weishi in Qincheng prison or sent him to the army for "custody". Instead, they put sun Weishi in a secret detention center of Beijing Public Security Bureau, changed sun Weishi into "a hypocrite" and designated him as "the object of death".

On October 14, 1968, sun Weishi was killed alive. After his death, sun Weishi was covered with scars. The cold handcuffs and shackles still tightly locked her limbs, and a long nail was inserted into her head. Sun Weishi was only 47 years old when he died. A generation of talented women and red experts fell into the dust of history like meteors.

After the "Cultural Revolution", Jinshan, who was released, together with sun Xinshi and others, appealed for sun Weishi's unjust case. With the concern of the Party Central Committee and many leaders in charge of justice, sun Weishi's unjust case was finally vindicated.

On June 9, 1977, the art Bureau of the Ministry of culture held a ceremony for the placing of sun Weishi's portrait in Babaoshan Revolutionary Cemetery to rehabilitate the people's artist.

He has successively served as director and vice president of China Youth Art Theatre, director and cadre training head teacher of Central Academy of drama, general director and vice president of Central Experimental Drama Academy, first executive director and second director of China Drama Association, and member of the second to fourth CPPCC National Committee.

Art experience

In 1935, under the pseudonym of Li Lin, sun Weishi entered Shanghai Oriental drama club to study and perform. At that time, Jiang Qing once taught sun Weishi.

In 1936, she went to Shanghai with her mother to participate in the progressive performance activities of Shanghai Amateur Dramatists Association and Oriental drama society.

In 1939, sun Weishi accompanied Zhou Enlai to Moscow for medical treatment. During this period, she became interested in opera. Encouraged by Zhou Enlai, he was admitted to Moscow drama academy to study acting and directing. He graduated from Moscow Oriental University and Moscow Academy of drama. In Moscow, sun Weishi met Lin Biao, who is divorcing his wife Zhang Mei. For Lin Biao's "sudden attack", sun Weishi, who was not deeply involved in the world, began to be a little at a loss. After some thinking and psychological preparation, she thinks that although Lin Biao is the general she respects in her heart, he is not the prince charming in her mind. So he declined Lin Biao's proposal.

In 1946, he returned to China and became known as the "four beauties of Yan'an" with Feng Fengming, Zhang Xingfang and Guo Lanying. He took part in the work of the literary and art troupe of North China United University and joined the army in Shaanxi, Shanxi and Hebei.

In 1950, he was the director of China Youth Art Theater. In rehearsal of "Paul Kochakin", he fell in love with Jin Shan, the actor and director of the theater and his married husband, and then married.

From 1954 to 1956, she also served as the head teacher of director cadre training in the Central Academy of drama. She translated a large number of Soviet drama theory textbooks, and also translated Gordoni's famous dramas "female shopkeeper" and "one servant and two masters".

In the summer of 1956, he cooperated with Ouyang Yuqian to set up the Central Experimental Theatre, and served as vice president and chief director.

Personal life

Sun Weishi is Zhou Enlai's dry daughter. Sun's father, sun Bingwen, was Zhou Enlai's early comrade in arms. He died in the great revolution in 1927 when he was only five years old. When the Anti Japanese war broke out, sun Weishi went to the Eighth Route Army Office in Wuhan to apply for going to Yan'an, but no one knew her. Only 16-year-old sun Weishi stood at the door, crying very sad. Later, Premier Zhou came back. He not only recognized sun Weishi as his daughter, but also brought her to Yan'an, known as "Red Princess".

Father: Sun Bingwen, a proletarian soldier. Sun Bingwen is Zhu De's sworn brother. In the spring of 1916, sun Bingwen met Cai E in southern Sichuan and talked with him about Sheng Huan. He stayed with the army for consultation. After meeting Zhu De, he served as a staff officer in Zhu De's department and became a friend of Jin Lan. In 1922, sun Bingwen and Zhu De went from their hometown of Sichuan to study in Germany, Marx's hometown, to seek revolutionary truth. In November of the same year, Zhou Enlai introduced them to join the Communist Party of China. After returning to China in 1925, sun Bingwen served as an instructor in Huangpu Military Academy and participated in the preparatory work for the northern expedition. In 1926, he served as Secretary General of the General Political Department of the national revolutionary army. In 1927, sun Bingwen, his eldest son Ning Shi (then only 14 years old) and Secretary Zhang Dounan were arrested on April 16 for exposing Chiang Kai Shek's counter revolutionary plot. He died in Shanghai Longhua on the 20th.

Mother: Ren Rui, in Yan'an, she is known as "mother comrade".

Husband: Jinshan, daughter sun Xiaolan.

Brother: Sun Yang, once famous in Ningshi. He is from Nanxi, Sichuan. Guanghua University, Meiji University, Tokyo, Japan. He joined the Communist Party of China in 1938. He was the Secretary of commander in chief Zhu De. He used to be the chief of the propaganda section of the Propaganda Department of the field Political Department of the Eighth Route Army, the Vice Minister of the Propaganda Department of the Nenjiang provincial Party committee of the Communist Party of China, and the Minister of the propaganda department and the Minister of the Culture Department of the Political Department of the Northeast military region. After the founding of the people's Republic of China, he successively served as director of the military Bureau of the State Planning Commission, secretary and vice president of the Party committee of Southwest Normal University, Secretary of the Party committee of Chengdu Institute of telecommunication engineering, and deputy secretary and vice president of the Party committee of Renmin University of China. He has done a lot of research on the theory of national economic planning. His works include law of socialist economy in China's transitional period, story of China's first five year plan, speech on Communist moral quality, etc. He participated in the writing of the biography of Zhu De. However, it was the biography of Zhu De that caused Sun Yang's death. Finally, he was persecuted and killed by the gang of four.

Sister: Sun Xinshi, later also married Jinshan.

Liu Yi: Ren Jun.

Main works

The interlude of sun Weishi's lyrics is how steel is made.

He once performed in the movie lucky money starring Gong Qiuxia.

The director's plays include Paul Kochakin, uncle Vanya and looking west at Chang'an.

In 1936, he was an actor of Tianyi film company and played a role in the biography of Mr. Wang.

In 1937, he starred in "the gilded city" in Lianhua film company.

In the autumn of 1946, he returned to Yan'an and participated in the art troupe of North China United University. He accompanied the army in Shaanxi, Shanxi and Hebei. He once directed Yang's Opera a false alarm.

In 1950, she was the director of the Chinese Youth Art Theatre, and successively directed "Paul Kochakin", "imperial envoy" and "Uncle Vanya", all of which were successful.

In 1954, he edited and directed the fairy tale film little white rabbit.

In 1956, "Qingyi" staged a new drama "share weal and woe" written by Yue ye and directed by sun Weishi, starring Shu Qiang, Yu Lan and Liu Yanjin.

He wrote the drama "the rising sun", which is the first drama reflecting Daqing spirit. From the winter of 1965 to November 1966, he performed more than 210 performances in Daqing, Beijing and Shandong, with an audience of more than 250000.

Sun Weishi's main directing works include: a false alarm, Paul Kochakin, imperial envoy, little white rabbit, uncle Vanya, looking west at Chang'an, one servant and two masters, sharing weal and woe, thunderstorm, black slave hate, brothers yershov, long flow of Fenshui, rising sun and so on, all of which are excellent works in the history of new China's drama.

Main achievements

Cultivating the first leader of our party

Chinese PinYin : Sun Wei Shi