Boxwood

Boxwood

Buxus Sinica (Rehder & e.h.wilson) m.cheng: shrub or small tree, 1-6m high; branches cylindrical, longitudinally ribbed, gray white; branchlets tetragonal, pubescent or glabrous on both sides. The leaves are leathery, broadly elliptic, broadly obovate, ovate elliptic or oblong. The leaf surface is bright, the midrib protrudes, and the lower part often has fine hairs. Inflorescence axillary, capitate, flowers dense, male flowers about 10, no pedicel, outer sepal oval, inner sepal nearly round, 2.5-3 mm long, glabrous, stamen with anther 4 mm long, sterile pistil with rod-shaped stalk, terminal expansion; female sepal 3 mm long, ovary slightly longer than style, glabrous. Capsule subglobose. The flowering period is March and the fruiting period is May June.

There are many valleys, streams and forests, with an altitude of 1200-2600m. Some of them are cultivated. (overview of the picture, resources:)

morphological character

Euonymus japonicus is a shrub or small tree, 1-6 meters high; its branches are cylindrical, longitudinal, gray white; its branchlets are tetragonal, pubescent or glabrous on both sides, and its internodes are 0.5-2 cm long. The leaves are leathery, broadly elliptic, broadly obovate, ovate elliptic or oblong, most of which are 1.5-3.5 cm long and 0.8-2 cm wide. The apex is round or obtuse, often with small pits, not sharp, the base is round or acute or cuneate, the leaf surface is bright, the midrib is protruding, the lower part is often hairy, the lateral vein is obvious, the midrib on the leaf back is flat or slightly protruding, the midrib is often densely covered with white short linear stalactites, and the whole leaf is smooth No lateral veins, petiole 1-2 mm long, hairy above. inflorescence axillary, capitate, dense flowers, inflorescence axis 3-4 mm long, hairy, bracts broad ovate, 2-2.5 mm long, hairy on the back; male flower: about 10, without pedicel, outer sepal ovate elliptic, inner sepal suborbicular, 2.5-3 mm long, hairless, stamen with anther 4 mm long, sterile pistil with rod-shaped stalk, terminal expansion, about 2 mm high (about 2.5 times the length of sepal) /Female flowers: sepals 3 mm long, ovary slightly longer than style, glabrous, style thick flat, stigma obcordate, extending down to middle of style. capsule subglobose, 6-8 (- 10) mm long, persistent style 2-3 mm long. The flowering period is March and the fruiting period is May June.

Habitat of producing area

There are many valleys, streams and forests, with an altitude of 1200-2600m. Some of them are cultivated in Shaanxi, Gansu, Hubei, Sichuan, Guizhou, Guangxi, Guangdong, Jiangxi, Zhejiang, Anhui, Jiangsu and Shandong provinces of China. Type specimens are collected from Changyang County, Hubei Province.

Major variants

Populus tomentosa is a representative species of the genus Euonymus in East Asia. It is widely distributed and has many variations. Several different species have been derived from it, such as B. hebecarpa in Western China and B. rugulosa in Southwest China, which are closely related to P. tomentosa. In addition, the Japanese variety B. japonica Mull. - arg microphyllaSieb.etZucc .* var.japonicaRehd.etWils (the branchlets and leaves of this species are glabrous) there are also local differences due to different geographical distribution. In the original subspecies and subspecies of Euonymus japonicus, it was found that the twigs of some plants were covered with very little hair, even completely glabrous, and only the petioles had pubescence, which proved that Euonymus japonicus had a tendency to gradually migrate to B. japonicus. in addition, the branchlets and petioles of B. sempervirens L. from southern Europe, North Africa and Caucasus are hairy, which is similar to P. tomentosa, but the lateral veins on the leaf surface of the former are not obvious, the height of male sterile pistil is only 1 / 2 of the length of sepal. It is cultivated in China. .

Growth habit

Populus tomentosa likes to grow in loam, slightly acidic soil or slightly alkaline soil. It can also grow in calcareous soil. Potted plants can be mixed with mature garden soil or rotten leaf soil and appropriate amount of rice husk ash. It is resistant to shade and likes light, and can keep growing well under general indoor and outdoor conditions. In the long-term shade environment, although the leaves can keep green, it is easy to lead to excessive growth or weakening of branches. Like wet, can endure about a month of rainy weather, but avoid long-term water. Drought tolerance, as long as the surface soil or basin soil is not completely dry, no abnormal performance. Heat resistant and cold resistant, can withstand the summer sun exposure and about 20 degrees below zero centigrade cold, but summer high temperature and humidity should be more ventilation and light transmission. The requirements for soil are not strict, and the easy and fertile sandy loam is the best. Potted plants can also be used with vermiculite, peat or soil, with strong alkali resistance. Tillering is very strong, resistant to pruning and easy to form. In autumn, the leaves turn red after full illumination and dormancy.

geographical distribution

It is produced in Jiangsu, Gansu, Hunan, Hubei, Sichuan, Guizhou, Guangxi, Guangdong, Jiangxi, Zhejiang, Anhui and Shandong provinces, some of which are cultivated

Deciduous broad-leaved forest in northern warm temperate zone

(main cities: Shenyang, Huludao, Dalian, Dandong, Anshan, Liaoyang, Jinzhou, Yingkou, Panjin, Beijing, Tianjin, Taiyuan, Linfen, Changzhi, Shijiazhuang, Qinhuangdao, Baoding, Tangshan, Handan, Xingtai, Chengde, Jinan, Dezhou, Yan'an, Baoji, Tianshui).

Deciduous broad leaved forest in southern warm zone

(main cities: Qingdao, Yantai, Rizhao, Weihai, Jining, Tai'an, Zibo, Weifang, Zaozhuang, Linyi, Laiwu, Dongying, Xintai, Tengzhou, Zhengzhou, Luoyang, Kaifeng, Xinxiang, Jiaozuo, Anyang, Xi'an, Xianyang, Xuzhou, Lianyungang, Yancheng, Huaibei, Bengbu, Hancheng, Tongchuan).

Mixed deciduous and evergreen broad-leaved forest in north subtropical zone

(main cities: Nanjing, Yangzhou, Zhenjiang, Nantong, Changzhou, Wuxi, Suzhou, Hefei, Wuhu, Anqing, Huainan, Xiangfan and Shiyan).

Middle subtropical evergreen and deciduous broad-leaved forest region

(main cities: Wuhan, Shashi, Huangshi, Yichang, Nanchang, Jingdezhen, Jiujiang, Ji'an, Jinggangshan, Ganzhou, Shanghai, Changsha, Zhuzhou, Yueyang, Huaihua, Jishou, Changde, Xiangtan, Hengyang, Shaoyang, Guilin, Wenzhou, Jinhua, Ningbo, Chongqing, Chengdu, Dujiangyan, Mianyang, Neijiang, Leshan, Zigong, Panzhihua, Guiyang, Zunyi, Liupanshui Anshun, Kunming, Dali).

Subtropical evergreen broad leaved forest region

(main cities: Fuzhou, Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, Guangzhou, Foshan, Shunde, Dongguan, Huizhou, Shantou, Taipei, Liuzhou, Guiping, Gejiu).

Mode of reproduction

sow

At the beginning of September, the sandy soil with loose and fertile soil and good drainage was selected as the sowing land. The base fertilizer (organic fertilizer) was applied and mixed with Carbendazim and other insecticidal and fungicides. After deep turning and leveling, it was used as the sowing bed. The sowing rate is 50-60g per square meter. After mixing the seeds with appropriate amount of sand, evenly spread them on the seedbed, cover with fine soil of 1-1.5mm, and cover with a layer of grass curtain to keep moisture. After sowing, the seeds only grow radicle and do not germinate in the same year. In order to prevent freezing injury, 5-8 cm soil should be covered on the grass curtain before the soil is frozen in the middle and late November. In the middle and last ten days of March, the grass curtain and covering soil were removed, the plastic arch shed was built on the seedbed, and the temperature was controlled at 25-30 ℃. After that, the temperature in the shed should be controlled between 20 ℃ and 25 ℃ with proper watering. When the temperature is stable in late April, the plastic arch shed should be removed. At the seedling stage, we should pull grass to loosen the soil, irrigate the soil in time, spray 2% potassium dihydrogen phosphate solution repeatedly for foliar top dressing, and control diseases and pests in time.

cuttage

< ol > < li > seedbed: the plot with high terrain, deep soil layer, loose soil and good drainage and irrigation should be selected for cutting seedbed. After removing the grass roots and stones, the soil was made into a 1-1.2m high bed, and the soil was irrigated with 10% imidacloprid 1000 times and 5% mancozeb 1500 times to remove underground pests and harmful bacteria. After leveling, the seedlings are patched with a shovel and poured into 10% rotten manure, and then a bed of burnt coke or lime soil is laid on the bed. The thickness is about 5 centimeters. < / Li > < li > cuttings: cuttings of Populus tomentosa can be carried out at any time, but the survival rate of cuttings in summer is high by using the tender branches growing in that year. The cuttings were selected from lignified or semi lignified branches. After cuttings are collected, cuttings should be cut in a cool and leeward place with sharp knives. When cutting, cut the branches with twigs growing from the internodes at 0.5cm above and below the nodes, then cut the stem node into two parts according to the location of the twigs, and cut them into two branches. For the branches without twigs growing, two branches must be left, the upper end of which is 1 cm above the bud and the lower end of which is 0.5cm away from the bud. < / Li > < li > cutting: the cutting should be shallow rather than deep, the plane section of branch cutting should be downward, and the depth should be 1 cm when the mother plant is buried in the soil; the cutting depth of big branch cutting should be 1 cm when the next stem node is inserted into the upper middle, and the cuttings are inclined at about 45 degrees to the ground. Shallow cutting and oblique cutting are conducive to rooting in advance. After cutting, the soil around the cuttings should be compacted and then watered once to make the lower part of cuttings close to the soil. The row spacing of cuttings is generally 12-15 cm and the plant spacing is 6-8 cm. When cutting, the leaves on the cuttings should not be left too much or cut off completely. The leaves on the lower part can be cut off completely with petioles, and the upper part has two leaves. Then, according to the size of the leaves, each leaf can be cut up 1 / 2 to 2 / 3 to reduce the excessive consumption of water and nutrients. < / Li > < li > Management: after cutting, it is required to build a shed for shading to reduce transpiration

Chinese PinYin : Huang Yang