furnishings

furnishings

This data is reviewed by the project of data compilation and application of Science Encyclopedia of science popularization in China.

Furnishings, also known as furnishings, decoration, commonly known as soft decoration. Generally understood as furnishings, decorations, but also can be understood as furnishings, furnishings, decoration. In the whole home design, furnishings play a finishing role.

Entry

furnishings

Pinyin

chénshè

Citation explanation

1. Display; ornament. According to Han yingshao's folk customs, sound and Qin, "however, the Qin is the most intimate among the people who are often controlled by a gentleman. It's not necessary to set it up in the ancestral temple and village Party, and it's not like the bells and drums listed in Jue Xuan." Niu zengru's xuanguai Lu (Volume 3): the moon is like the day, the streets are straight, the temple furnishings are prosperous, and the lights are shining. According to Chen Guangzi's book, every one who sits in the hall of Taiping has three dishes "I don't see anyone's furnishings. I've been riding a crane and driving a Luan cart for quite a long time. I've arranged them in a neat and orderly way, your highness." Zhu Ziqing's the Qinhuai River in the sound of oars and the shadow of lights: "it is decorated with calligraphy and paintings and bright and clean mahogany furniture, and all the tables are inlaid with cold marble." 2. Articles for display. Song Kong pingzhong's "Kong's Tan yuan · Wang Wenzheng's Qingde" said: "one day, the imperial banquet, the display of fresh China, Dan (Wang Dan) look at, the meaning is not happy." In Qiu Sheng, a record of the night stories written by he bange in the Qing Dynasty, "after entering the room, the furnishings are particularly beautiful." Ba Jin's death 8: "I live upstairs, and the furnishings in the room are extremely gorgeous, which is very suitable for me." 3. Arrangement. 4. Statement. Liu Xiang of Han Dynasty wrote in biography of lienvzhuan · gaijiang's wife: "the wife is not ashamed to die, she displays five glories, she dies first for her husband, and her death shows her name." Chapter 9 of Su Manshu's the story of breaking a goose and a goose: "today, Yu's mother's spirit is revived, and she has no time to do everything for Yu."

Related knowledge

Furnishing design is to grasp the space from the interior of the building, according to the nature of the space and the environment, using material technology and artistic means, to create an ideal place of interior space environment design, which is reasonable in function, comfortable and beautiful, in line with people's physiological and psychological requirements, and makes users feel happy, convenient for life, work and study. furnishings refer to the articles with ornamental value or cultural significance that are used to beautify or strengthen the visual effect. Only when an object has ornamental value, cultural significance and the conditions to be decorated. Can be called furnishings. the function of furnishings: 1. Atmosphere; 2. Space feeling; 3. Interior style; 4. Ethnic characteristics and personal hobbies; 5. Edifying sentiment. furnishings can be summarized into two categories, namely functional (or practical) furnishings and decorative (also known as ornamental) furnishings.

development history

The period of ancient Egyptian civilization

: exquisite murals, few and light furniture, exquisite carving.

The period of ancient Greece and Rome

: bright, gorgeous and exquisite, sculpture, cups and plates, pottery bottles and soft textile decorations.

the medieval times

: Byzantine Persian Dynasty characteristics, colorful mosaics, textiles.

Gothic period

Jianquan, Shuzhu, Christian painting and other elements appear in the furniture style and interior furnishing curtain decoration.

The Renaissance

Excellent painting art, people-oriented interior furnishing concept.

Baroque period

Romantic style in spirit and idea, interior furnishings are inlaid with gold and silver, pursuing sensual luxury.

Rococo period

Interior furnishings show more soft, tender, delicate, delicate and even trivial, feminist color and rich flavor of powder.

In the 19th century:

Neoclassicism, improved classicism style.

Romantic style:

In the first half of the 19th century, romanticism emphasized individuality, advocated naturalism, and advocated that the artistic style of the middle ages should be used to compete with the classicism of the academic school. This kind of thought showed a super style, refined taste and exotic style in architecture.

Arts and Crafts Movement

It can be divided into straight line style and curve style.

Art Nouveau Movement

The world exposition was held in Paris in 1900

Early 20th century

: new technology, new craft, new materials, Wright's "organic architecture", Gropius Bauhaus college, Le Corbusier's wild original ecological style, and Mies van der Rohe's "less is more".

twenty-first century

：

The simple space of modernism is organically combined with decorative art techniques, and the modern design and decoration mainstream with the theme of green, ecological and environmental protection.

The development history of Chinese furnishings

More than 8000 years ago:

The pottery of Cishan culture and Yangshao culture are decorated with bright black pottery patterns.

More than 7000 years ago:

Jade is used as decoration.

Xia Dynasty:

Bronzes are exquisitely made and decorated in various ways.

From the Eastern Zhou Dynasty to the Qin and Han Dynasties:

Lacquerware is beautiful in appearance and light in shape. With the development of lacquerware technology, lacquerware has become a work of art with spiritual function.

In the southern and Northern Dynasties and Tang Dynasty:

Western gold and silver vessels and glassware, silk, yarn, Luo, Qi and other fabrics used and began to use a variety of chairs and high tables.

Ming Dynasty (golden age)

The exquisite utensils, folk arts and crafts began to develop widely, lacquer furniture and hardwood furniture variety, pay attention to practical, comfortable, color harmony, quiet, simple, simple, elegant book atmosphere, symmetrical shape, delicate lines.

Qing Dynasty (golden age)

Pay attention to the display effect, the overall modeling is heavy, emphasize the decorative beauty of the body, gorgeous, luxurious, cumbersome rich and noble style.

Selection and layout

The style selection of furnishings mainly involves the relationship with interior style. Therefore, there are two main ways to choose: one is to choose the furnishings which are in harmony with the interior style; the other is to choose the furnishings which are in contrast with the interior style. color selection: the color selection of furnishings should first control and grasp the overall color of the indoor environment, that is, the color of the six interfaces of the indoor space should be unified and coordinated, but excessive unity will make the space dull and monotonous. the choice of display modeling and pattern: it is a feasible way to use appropriate contrast in the modeling of furnishings. The shapes of furnishings are ever-changing, bringing rich visual effects to the interior space. the choice of the texture of the display: the choice of the texture of the display should also start from the overall indoor environment, not disorderly. In principle, the same space should choose the same texture or similar furnishings to achieve a unified effect, especially large-area furnishings. But in the display, we can use the effect of contrast between some of the display and the background texture, so that it can show the true color of the material in the unity. The furnishings that need to be highlighted can use their texture changes to achieve rich effects.
The layout principles of furnishings are: 1. The style is unified and coordinated with the overall environment.
2. Balanced composition and reasonable relationship with space.
3. There are main and secondary, so that the spatial level is rich.
4. Pay attention to the ornamental effect.

Design principles

In the practice of interior furnishing design, we should follow some basic principles, which can be summarized as follows:

The principle of integrity

: < br > Interior Furnishing Design is a relatively independent design art, which is also attached to the overall design of the interior environment. Although it is important for the display designer to embody his personal will, highlight his personal style and pursue personal innovation, what is more important is to integrate the artistic perfection and practical comfort of the design, and integrate the uniqueness of creative ideas with the style of indoor environment. This is also the fundamental requirement of the overall principle of interior design.

The principle of formal beauty

: < br > one of the goals of interior furnishings is to meet the requirements of people's living, working, learning, communication, leisure, entertainment and other behaviors and lifestyles, not only in the material level to meet the requirements of their use and comfort, but also to a greater extent to meet the requirements of formal beauty, which is the formal beauty requirements of interior decoration design. The principles of formal beauty include rhythm and rhythm, proportion and scale, symmetry and balance, change and unity. The principle of formal beauty is the necessary basic theoretical knowledge of modern art, and it is the most important rule in the aesthetic activities of modern art.

The principle of the times

< br > Interior Furnishing Design contains the pursuit of the contemporary and developmental connotation of architecture and interior design culture. In the interior environment, how to reflect the new language and new changes with the characteristics of the times, and how to successfully integrate the new and dynamic new forms, new processes and new design languages into the basic and traditional design languages are the requirements of the principles of the times in interior furnishing design.

Cultural principle

< br > Interior Furnishing Design has a profound historical and cultural origin, which reflects people's basic attitude towards life, colorful life behavior and the pursuit of culture. Therefore, when designing furnishings, designers must consider the cultural creation in life and the relationship between interior design and culture, which can be called the cultural principle of interior furnishing design. It should be pointed out that people's life behavior is continuous and will not be easily changed by the change of external environment. Therefore, we should pay attention to the connotation and context of life culture, master the law of its development and movement, in order to find the creative points accepted by people's life culture psychology, so as to carry out the display design.

Innovation principle

< br > Interior Furnishing Design is a kind of artistic creation. Like other art activities, innovation is the soul of interior design activities. This kind of innovation is different from the general artistic creation

Chinese PinYin : Chen She