Han Jiang

Han Jiang

This data is reviewed by the project of data compilation and application of Science Encyclopedia of science popularization in China.

In addition to the Hanjiang River Basin, one of the most important rivers in Southeast China is the Pearl River Basin. It was called Yuanshui in ancient times and crocodile stream later. The Hanjiang River basin covers 22 cities and counties in Guangdong, Fujian and Jiangxi provinces, covering an area of 30112 square kilometers. The upstream of Hanjiang River is formed by the confluence of Meijiang River and Tingjiang River. Meijiang river is the main stream. It originates from Shangfeng, Zijin County, Guangdong Province, flows from southwest to northeast through Wuhua, Xingning, Meixian, Meizhou, Dapu and other cities and counties in Guangdong Province, and joins Tingjiang River at sanheba. Tingjiang River originates from laijiashan, Ninghua County, Fujian Province, and flows from north to south through Changting, Wuping, Shanghang, Yongding and Guangdong Province Tai Po County in Shandong Province. After the confluence of Meijiang River and Tingjiang River, it is called Hanjiang River. From north to south, it flows through Fengshun, Chaoan and other counties in Guangdong Province, to Chaozhou City and enters into Hanjiang Delta river network area. It flows through Shantou City and flows into the South China Sea by East, West and North streams. With Meijiang River as the source, the main stream is 470 km long.

On December 17, 2017, Hanjiang was selected as one of the 10 "most beautiful hometown rivers" in 2017.

General situation of River Basin

Watershed boundary

The Shanling Anticline of Wuyishan in the north of Hanjiang River Basin is the natural dividing line between Hanjiang River and Ganjiang River; the watershed between jiulongxi, a tributary of Minjiang River, and the inconspicuous mountains in the Northeast; the watershed between Hanjiang River and Rongjiang river is composed of Yinna Mountain and baxiang mountain in the South; the watershed between Fenghuang Mountain and Huanggang river flows into the sea in the East; and the watershed between Dongjiang River and inconspicuous mountains in the West.

Basin scope

Hanjiang River Basin is located in the east of Guangdong and the southwest of Fujian. Its geographical location is 115 ° 13 ′～ 117 ° 09 ′ E and 23 ° 17 ′～ 26 ° 05 ′ n. It is the second largest basin in Guangdong Province except the Pearl River Basin.

The river basin covers a total area of 30112 square kilometers in Guangdong, Fujian and Jiangxi provinces, including 11802 square kilometers in Tingjiang, 13929 square kilometers in Meijiang, 3346 square kilometers in Hanjiang (sanheba Chaoan) and 1035 square kilometers in Hanjiang Delta (below Chaoan). According to the province, 17851 square kilometers (59.3%) are in Guangdong Province, and 12080 square kilometers are in Fujian Province Square kilometers (40.1%), Jiangxi Province 181 square kilometers (0.6%).

Basin topography

The basin is characterized by a zigzag structure with elevations ranging from 20m to 1500m and an average gradient of 0.37 ‰ on the main stream of the Hanjiang River. Mountainous area accounts for 70% of the total basin area, mostly distributed in the north and middle of the basin, with the general elevation above 500 meters; hilly area accounts for 25% of the total basin area, mostly distributed in Meijiang River Basin and other tributary valleys, with the general elevation below 200 meters; plain area accounts for 5% of the total basin area, mainly in the lower reaches of Hanjiang River Delta, with the general elevation below 20 meters.

Basin climate

The basin is located in the Subtropical Southeast Asian monsoon region, which has a subtropical climate with high temperature, humid heat and frequent rainstorms. It is greatly influenced by the marine southeast monsoon, and the rain and flood are mainly concentrated in summer. Most of the rain and flood are front rain from April to June, which often causes large area of continuous front rain due to the severe influence of the marine southeast monsoon; most of the rain and rain are from July to September, which are mainly affected by tropical storms in the Pacific and South China Sea, which often cause rainstorm and high flood level.

The rainfall in the basin is abundant, but the spatial and temporal distribution is uneven. The annual average rainfall is 1400-1700mm, and the annual distribution is uneven. The rainfall from April to September accounts for more than 70% of the annual rainfall, and it is more concentrated in May and June. Affected by the topography, the rainfall increases northward from the coast, and then decreases northward after passing the Lianhua mountains. The rainstorm center of the basin is located in Yangtou village xigouliao Fenghuang area, Longwo Town, Zijin County, Heyuan City, Guangdong Province, with an annual precipitation of about 2570 mm.

Trend of main stream

upper reaches

Meijiang River in the upper reaches of Hanjiang River originates from qixingdong of Wuya mountain at the junction of Lufeng and Zijin counties, which is called nanqin river. It flows from southwest to northeast, converges with Beiqin river at the mouth of Qinjiang River, converges with Wuhua River at the mouth of Shuizhai River, converges with Ningjiang river at the mouth of Xingning River, and then converges with Chengjiang River, Shiku River, Songyuan River, etc. to sanheba of Dapu County, and converges with Tingjiang River in Fujian Province to form Hanjiang River.

middle reaches

The middle reaches of Hanjiang River is from sanheba to zhuganshan in Chaozhou City, and it flows into Yinjiang River, Dasheng River, Fengliang River, Fenghuang River and Wenci river.

downstream

The lower reaches of Hanjiang River is below Zhugan mountain. After flowing through Chaozhou, it enters Hanjiang Delta and flows into the South China Sea through Dongxi, Xixi and Beixi channels, with Dongxi as the main stream. Beixi River joins Nanxi River in Dongli of Chenghai county and enters the sea through Yifeng river. Dongxi and Xixi flow southward in a zigzag way. In Henglong village of Chenghai, Pengdong River communicates with each other. Dongxi flows into the sea through Hebei Port of Lianyang. The downstream of Xixi flows into Meixi River, Xinjin River and Waisha River respectively.

Characteristics of water system

The total catchment area of Hanjiang River Basin is 30112 square kilometers, including 17851 square kilometers in Guangdong Province, 12080 square kilometers in Fujian Province and 181 square kilometers in Jiangxi Province. Among them, Meijiang is 13929 square kilometers, Tingjiang is 11802 square kilometers, and delta is 1035 square kilometers. The main stream is 470 km long, and the main stream and its main tributaries are about 3435 km long.

Meijiang

Meijiang river is the main stream of Hanjiang River. It originates from qixingdong of Wutu mountain at the junction of Lufeng and Zijin County. It flows from southwest to northeast along the north side of Lianhua West to the North Qinjiang River at Wuhua Qinkou, then to Shuizhai estuary (above called Qinjiang River). After meeting Wuhua River, it is called Meijiang river. It meets Ningjiang river at Shuikou Town of Xingning, enters Meixian County at Yukeng, enters Meijiang district at Changsha, and then meets Chengjiang river at Meicheng, Huishiku river is located in Bing village, huisongyuan river is located in Songkou, and it joins Tingjiang River at sanheba in Dapu county. The main stream of Meijiang river is 307 km long (including Qinjiang River), with a catchment area of 13929 km (including Qinjiang River). The riverbed gradient is 0.4 ‰. Along the river, there are Shuikou, Shejiang, Shuiche, Meinan, Changsha, Chengjiang, Meizhou, Xiyang, white house, Bingcun, Yanyang, Songkou, sanheba and other towns. Urban flood control focuses on Meizhou city and Shuizhai town of Wuhua County.

Dinjan

Tingjiang River is a primary tributary of Hanjiang River. It originates from maoma mountain, Ninghua County, Fujian Province. It flows into Dapu Qingxi River in Meizhou at Mianhuatan, Yongding County, converges with Xiaojing River and Zhangxi River in chayang County, and converges with Meijiang River and Meitan River in sanheba county. The catchment area of Tingjiang River is 11802 km, the river length is 323 km, and the average gradient is 2.4 ‰. The catchment area of Tingjiang River in Meizhou is 1333 km, and the river length is 55 km The river bed gradient is 1.27 ‰. Tingjiang River used to be the main waterway transportation line in Fujian and Guangdong, From chayang to shixiaba, there is a large natural drop and abundant hydraulic resources. The installed capacity of Mianhuatan Hydropower Station is 600000 kW. In the downstream Qingxi section of Dapu, Guangdong Electric Power Bureau has built a medium-sized Qingxi Hydropower Station with a total storage capacity of 68 million meters and an installed capacity of 144000 kW. The planned installed capacity of the last downstream dichangba hydropower station is 30000 kW.

Hanjiang mainstream (below sanheba)

After Meijiang and Tingjiang confluence at sanheba, they are called Hanjiang River, then turn southeast to Zilian, Chifeng and Guihu in Chaozhou City, then flow southeast to Gaopi, turn south to Chaozhou City

Chinese PinYin : Han Jiang