Zhang Chong

Zhang Chong

Zhang Chong (1901-1980), formerly known as Shaoyu, also known as Weixin, is of the Yi nationality and surnamed Nina. He was born in xiaobukan, Yongning Township, Luxi County, Yunnan Province. On January 25, 1901, Zhang Chong was born in Luxi County, Yunnan Province. As a child, Zhang Chong studied in a private school. Later, he went to a primary school in his hometown and county.

He lived in a time of great changes in China when he was young. He had a deep understanding of class oppression and national oppression, and cultivated the spirit of sympathy for the working people and resistance to the dark forces. At the age of 15, he retired the bandits intelligently and was praised as "little Kong Ming" by the local people. Wife Hui Guofang. He was once vice chairman of the CPPCC National Committee.

Life figures

Zhang Chong once served as brigade commander and division commander of Yunnan army. After the outbreak of the Anti Japanese War, he served as the commander of the 184th division of the Kuomintang army. In 1938, he joined the Taierzhuang society and was promoted to deputy commander of the 60th army, division commander of the 184th division and commander of the new Third Army after the war. In 1940, he was the commander of the second route army in the headquarters of the first group army. Later, he was dismissed because he was close to the Communist Party. From 1946 to Yan'an. After joining the Communist Party of China in February 1947, he went to the Northeast battlefield and served as senior counsellor of the Northeast Democratic Alliance and vice chairman of the people's Government of Songjiang province. In 1949, he participated in the uprising of Yunnan army. After the founding of the people's Republic of China, he served as vice chairman of the people's Government of Yunnan Province, member of the Southwest Military and political Commission, vice chairman of the Southwest Ethnic Affairs Commission and chairman of the Liangshan temporary military and political Commission. After 1954, he served as vice governor of Yunnan Province, director of the Yunnan Provincial People's Committee, member of the National People's Committee, member of the Yunnan provincial Party committee of the Communist Party of China, deputy director of the Yunnan Provincial Revolutionary Committee, deputy director of the Standing Committee of the Yunnan Provincial People's Congress, and vice chairman of the ethnic Committee of the National People's Congress. He was vice chairman of the CPPCC National Committee from February 1978 to 1980.

Previous position

Zhang Chong is a deputy to the first, second, third, fourth and Fifth National People's Congress and a member of the first National Committee of the Chinese people's Political Consultative Conference.

Characters and deeds

From green forest heroes to Yunnan Salt Administration envoys

Zhang Chong was brave, agile and witty since he was a child. One morning in the autumn of 1909, a group of bandits broke into xiaobukan village under the cover of thick fog and prepared to rob Zhang Chong's house. Zhang Chong jumped out of the yard to find a little friend to play with. Not far away from home, he ran into the bandits. When the bandits found out, they surrounded him. Zhang Chong saw that the bandits were coming to his house. He was quick to get wisdom and said to the bandits, "I'm hired by his family. Don't catch me." The elder brother in the courtyard felt strange when he heard Zhang Chong's words. He looked up and found that the bandits were escorting Zhang Chong to the courtyard. He quickly closed the gate of the courtyard and called for his family to fight upstairs with guns. The bandits want to rush in through the gate. Zhang Chong said, "there are cannons in the front gate. I'll take you through the back gate." To the back door, the back door has been closed by Zhang Chong's family. If the bandits couldn't get in, they discussed using fire. Zhang Chong agreed and said, "if you want, I'll take you to hold firewood." Zhang Chong hugged him once, took the opportunity to leave for the second time, and rushed to the neighboring village for help. When the crowd heard that Zhang Jia had been robbed, more than a hundred people came with the sound of the gong. Some of them carried guns, some with knives and sticks, shouting "catch bandits" while running. When the bandits who were setting fire heard the shouting, and Zhang Chong's family shot back, they felt bad and ran away in a hurry. At this time, Zhang Chongzhi was only 9 years old. Afterwards, the story of bandits in Xiao Zhang Chongzhi's play spread like wildfire and was well-known in the countryside.

As a young man, Zhang Chong studied in a county primary school. His studies were poor, but he was chivalrous and forthright. He liked to fight against injustice and made poor friends. One day, Zhang Chong helped his family carry a litter of piglets to monkey street to sell them. On the way home, he met his friend Zhao Guangting. Zhao was unable to repay his gambling debts, so he asked Zhang Chong for financial assistance. Zhang Chong advised him not to gamble in the future, and then gave Zhao all the proceeds from selling pigs. Later, forced by the landlords and local tyrants, Zhao gathered all the people to occupy the mountain and become king. He openly confronted the government. Once, one of his subordinates proposed to rob Zhang Chong's family. Zhao said, "the Third Master (Zhang Chong) is my benefactor. If anyone dares to disturb his family, I will punish him severely." After this spread, Zhang Chong got into trouble. In 1918, Zhang Chong's father died of illness, and Zhang Chong Zun's mother ordered him to study in Kunming. Local gentry took the opportunity to jointly accuse Zhang Chong of colluding with "bandit leader Zhao Guangting". Without investigation, the provincial authorities criticized Zhang Chong: "arrest Zhang Chong quickly and bring him to justice." Thanks to the friendship between jiechai and Zhang Chong's father, Zhang Chong had to flee to his uncle's house in baohongsi village, Yiliang. A few days later, he went to Pingyi (today's Fuyuan County, Qujing City) and went to Zhao shouting, who was once king of the mountain after working under his father. Soon after he joined the gang, Zhang Chong found that the discipline of the team was loose, and there was no "heroic spirit". He resolutely supported more than 80 of his brothers. He put forward the slogans of "the rich send me money, the middle-class don't wait, and the poor come to celebrate the new year with me", "down with local tyrants and evil gentry, protect industry, agriculture and commerce, and relieve the poor". He swam in Pingyi, Luliang, Luoping, Shizong, Luxi and other places Maitreya, Qiubei and other places in the vast rural areas. In the past two years, he wiped out the habitual bandits "Er Fei", "Er Li" and "Er Ding" who were harmful to the masses in Qiubei, cut off Hai shounong, the "local snake" of fule, punished Hu Daowen, the corrupt official, opened a storehouse to help the people, and put an end to the evil. He was welcomed and supported by the masses of working people. The team reached more than 600 people, which shocked Southeast Yunnan for a time.

Zhang Chong's patriotism in his early years not only resisted the dark forces of feudalism, but also spontaneously fought against imperialism. Zhang chongzeng led his troops to attack the Yunnan Vietnam Railway controlled by France, punish the imperialists, vent their anger for the Chinese people who were killed, and fight against the arrogance of the French invaders. As Zhang Chong recalled, this made "the French imperialists angry, but helpless; the oppressed Chinese people applauded."

Tang Jiyao, governor of Yunnan Province, sent troops to encircle and suppress Zhang Chong's armed forces for many times and failed many times, so he decided to appease them. After accepting the appeasement, Zhang Chong successively served as the leader and head of the branch and insisted on doing good things for the common people.

On February 6, 1927, four garrison envoys Hu Ruoyu, Long Yun, Zhang Ruji and Li xuanting jointly launched the "February 6 coup" against Tang Jiyao. Zhang Chong supported the coup. After Long Yun won and became the chairman of Yunnan Province, he rewarded his merits and appointed Zhang Chong as the commander of the 5th division. At that time, Zhang Chong was only 27 years old and had become a powerful figure in the Yunnan army.

After 1931, Zhang Chong took the post of Yunnan Salt Transportation envoy and reformed the salt administration. In particular, he implemented the project of "transferring brine to coal". The brine in yuanyongjing area was transported to Yipinglang 20 kilometers away by pipeline, and the salt was fried successfully with coal, which solved the salt crisis in Yunnan and brought benefits to the people.

From a famous Anti Japanese general to running water conservancy in Yunnan

After the outbreak of the Anti Japanese War, the Yunnan army formed the 60th army and went to the front line to fight against Japan. Zhang Chong served as the commander of the 184th division of the 60th army. On the way, Zhang Chong secretly met with general Ye Jianying and general Luo Binghui of the Wuhan Office of the Eighth Route Army in Hankou. He accepted the proposition of the Communist Party of China and strengthened his determination to get close to the Communist Party. At the same time, he asked the Communist Party to send political workers to work in other troops and founded the Anti Japanese soldier newspaper, which expanded the influence of the Communist Party in other troops. The troops led by Zhang Chong are well disciplined, brave and good at fighting.

He took the lead in the Taierzhuang battle, and was respected by all the soldiers. When the battle had been going on for three days and three nights, and the soldiers were almost unable to resist the fierce and stubborn Japanese army with excellent equipment, Zhang Chong suddenly stood high and cried out, "I'm Zhang Chong, division commander. Don't run. Our Yunnan army is famous all over the world and has a glorious tradition. If we can't win even a small Japan, our Yunnan army will lose its face. I'm a division commander. If I step back, you'll shoot me. If you want to withdraw, I will shoot you. How dare you charge, sir? " "Dare There was a chorus below. At that time, the morale of the soldiers was greatly boosted. Under Zhang Chong's fall, the soldiers jumped up and entered the enemy's line with unstoppable momentum. Finally, they won the battle of Taierzhuang.

In April 1938, the 60th army set out for Xuzhou and put into the second stage of the battle. Zhang Chong led the 184th division to stick to Yuwang mountain in the suburb of Xuzhou for 27 days and nights, defeated the Japanese aggressors' repeated attacks, played the prestige of the Yunnan army, and greatly increased the aspirations of the Chinese people. According to the newspaper records at that time, "the Yunnan army fought a bloody battle and displayed its great power.". Japanese newspapers also admitted: "since the war with the Chinese Army on September 18, it is rare for Yunnan army to rush fiercely." However, there were 35123 soldiers and 18844 casualties in the 60th Yunnan army, more than half of them. Zhang Chong won the title of "Anti Japanese general" because of the battle of Yuwang mountain near Xuzhou.

At the end of September and the beginning of October 1938, the 184th division again inflicted heavy casualties on the Japanese aggressors in the battle of Yangxin and Paishi, which were defending Wuhan. For this reason, after the 60 army was changed into 30 corps and expanded into the first group army, Zhang Chong was promoted to the commander of the new 3 army.

At the beginning of November 1938, the Yunnan army lost in the Chongyang campaign, which was inevitable under the circumstances at that time. Zhang Chong led the new Third Army to retreat to Jiugongshan and planned to contact the Eighth Route Army to establish a base to fight guerrillas, but failed. Some people blame Zhang Chong for Chongyang's failure and tell Chiang Kai Shek that Zhang Chong "collaborated with the Communist Party.". Chiang Kai Shek took advantage of the opportunity to retaliate, "telegraph orders to severely punish Zhang Chong, commander of the new Third Army, who was dismissed and shot." Later, because of the strong response from all sides, Long Yun and Lu Han sent telegrams to intercede, and Zhou Enlai intervened. Then, Zhang Chong was removed from his post and transferred back to Yunnan. In fact, Zhang Chong was "under house arrest".

After returning to Yunnan, Zhang Chong devoted himself to the construction of water conservancy in Maitreya and Luxi. Zhang Chong was appointed as the water conservancy supervisor of Milu by Yunnan provincial government and took office in 1940,

Chinese PinYin : Zhang Chong