Zhang Yi

Zhang Yi

Zhang Yi? He was born in Wuyang County, Qianwei County, Yizhou. During the Three Kingdoms period, the generals of Shu Han Dynasty. He successively served as the prefect of Zitong, Guanghan and Shujun, and served as the commander-in-chief of Zhuge county. Later, he followed Zhuge Liang and Jiang Wei in the Northern Expedition and led the governor of Jizhou. At the beginning, he was the Marquis of Guan Nei and the Marquis of Jue Du ting. After the fall of Shu Han, Wei general Zhong Hui conspired to revolt, causing chaos in Chengdu and killing Zhang Yi. Zhang Yi was the third provincial governor of Shu Han Dynasty. Because of his strict law enforcement, he was not popular with the southern barbarians. During the northern expedition, Zhang Yi thought that the state was weak and the people should not abuse force. He was a minister who seldom dared to argue with Jiang Wei about the northern expedition.

Life figures

Nanzhen Northern Expedition

Zhang Yi was born in Wuyang County of Qianwei county. His grandfather Zhang Hao once served as Sikong, and his great grandfather Zhang Gang served as the prefect of Guangling county. In the 19th year of Jian'an (214), Liu Bei pacified Yizhou and led Yizhou animal husbandry, with Zhang Yi as the assistant. At the end of Jian'an, Zhang Yi was promoted as Xiaolian and served as the head of Jiangyang county.

In 218, Liu Bei sent troops to attack Hanzhong, and Zhang Yi joined the war. Cao Cao personally led his troops to the rescue, and Zhang Yi followed Zhao Yun to defeat Cao's army in the battle of the Han River. Later, he was transferred to Fuling county magistrate, promoted to the prefect of Zitong County, and gradually promoted to the prefect of Guanghan county and Shu county.

In the ninth year of Jianxing (231), Li Hui, the governor of zhuojiang, died. The Shuhan court appointed Zhang Yi as the governor of zhuojiang, and the general of Zhonglang in suinan. He was stationed in Pingyi County, zhuojiang County, and was born in nanzhong. In 233, the leader of the Yi nationality, Liu Zhou, set up a rebellion. Before Liu Zhou was conquered, Zhang Yi was called back to the court by the Shu Han court. Most of the generals thought that Zhang Yi should return to the court immediately to plead guilty. Zhang Yi said, "I can't do that. I was called back to the court because of the barbarians' uprising. But my successor hasn't arrived yet, and I'm on the battlefield. I should organize the transportation and storage of grain and grass as materials for fighting the traitors. How can I neglect the political affairs of the country because I'm removed from office? " So he continued to take charge of the affairs and did not let up until Ma Zhong, the succeeding commander in chief, arrived at the front line. After Zhang Shucheng's rebellion, he learned that he was able to win over Ma Zhouping.

In February of the 12th year of Jianxing (234), Zhuge Liang sent his troops out of xiegu to attack the Northern Wei Dynasty. Zhang Yi was the front governor and led the prefect of Fufeng County. In August, when Zhuge Liang died of illness, the army withdrew to Chengdu, worshipped Zhang Yi as the former leader, and granted him the title of Marquis of Guannei.

In the first year of Yanxi (238), Zhang Yi entered the court as a minister and participated in the decision-making of government affairs. Later, he was promoted to Jianwei governor, granted Jiefu, and was granted the title of Duting marquis. He was worshipped by the west general and stationed at the northern border of Shuhan.

The sharpness of Kang Wei

In the spring of 255, Zhang Yi returned to Chengdu with Wei general Jiang Wei. Jiang Wei proposed to send troops to attack Wei again in court. Only Zhang Yi argued in court that the weak people in the country were tired and should not abuse force. However, Jiang Wei did not listen to Zhang Yi's opinion. In the summer of the same year, Jiang Wei led Zhang Yi and others to attack Wei, and promoted Zhang Yi to Zhennan general. On August 2, the Han Army entered Didao County, Longxi County, and defeated the army of Wang Jing, the governor of Yongzhou state of the Wei state. Wang Jing returned to Didao City, and the Wei army died on thousands of soldiers in Taoshui. Jiang Wei wants to take advantage of the victory to March, Zhang Yi advises: "you can stop, should not continue to March, March may destroy this great achievement, just like drawing feet for a snake." Jiang Wei was so angry that he didn't listen to advice and surrounded Wang Jing in Didao city. Later Wei generals Chen Tai and Deng AI came to rescue him. In the end, the Han Army didn't conquer the city. On September 25, Zhang Yi withdrew with Jiang Wei.

Since Zhang Yi put forward different opinions on the court hall, Jiang Wei was at odds with Zhang Yi in his heart. However, he always forced Zhang Yi to follow the expedition of Wei, and Zhang Yi had no choice but to go with him.

In June of the second year of Jingyao (259), Zhang Yi was promoted to the rank of general of left chariot and led the governor of Jizhou. His official position was equal to that of general of right chariot Liao Hua. At that time, people said: "before Wang Ping and Ju Fu, after Zhang Yi and Liao Hua."

Death in national calamity

In August of the sixth year of Jingyao (263), Sima Zhao launched an attack on Shu Han. Later, Liu Chan sent Liao Hua to Dazhong to support Jiang Wei, while Zhang Yi and Dong Jue went to Yangan pass as foreign aid for the guards. In September, Zhong Huijun captured Yang'an pass and was able to drive straight in. Jiang Wei was also forced by Deng AI, so he joined forces with Liao Hua, Zhang Yi and Dong Jue to retreat to the sword pavilion to resist Zhong Hui's attack.

In November of the same year, Zhu gezhan, the general of Shuhan Wei, was defeated by Deng AI in Mianzhu, and the later leader Liu Chan's movement was not clear. Zhang Yi and others followed Jiang Wei eastward into Baxi county and retreated to Qi county of Guanghan County by detour to find out the true and false. Soon after, they got the imperial order of Liu Chan's surrender, so they and Jiang Wei and Fu County surrendered to Zhonghui.

In January 264, Zhang Yi returned to Chengdu with Zhong Hui, and later Zhong Hui conspired to revolt, causing chaos in Chengdu. Zhang Yi was killed by disorderly soldiers in the rebellion.

Historical evaluation

Family members

Ten generations

Zhang Liang, Zi Fang, was one of the three outstanding men in the early Han Dynasty. He was granted the title of marquis and his posthumous title was Wencheng.

Grandfather Gao

Zhang Hao, Sikong of Eastern Han Dynasty.

great-grandfather

Zhang Gang, governor of Guangling in Eastern Han Dynasty.

son

Zhang Wei, governor of Guanghan in Western Jin Dynasty.

Historical records

Commemoration of later generations

There are 14 statues in the west corridor of the west side hall of Liubei hall in the temple of marquis Wu in the southern suburb of Chengdu, Sichuan Province, to commemorate the generals of the Shu Han Dynasty. The statue of Zhang Yi, the third in the list, was built in 1849. Zhao Yun, sun Qian, Zhang Yi, Ma Chao, Wang Ping, Jiang Wei, Huang Zhong, Liao Hua, Xiang Chong, Fu Jin, Ma Zhong, Zhang Yi, Zhang Nan, and Feng Xi were ranked in the order.

Artistic image

Novel image

Zhang Yi appeared in the 64th to 119th chapters of the novel the romance of the Three Kingdoms, and his image is much more artistic than that of Zhang Yi in history. When Zhang Yi first appeared on the stage, he was the general under the command of Liu Zhang, and was the same as Liu Ruo, Zhang Ren and Zhuoying in guarding Luocheng. With Zhuo Ying surrendering, Zhang Ren was also beheaded by the captors. Only Liu Ruo was left to resist Liu Bei's attack in Luocheng. Later, Zhang Yi assassinated Liu Ruo and surrendered to Liu Bei's army. When Liu Bei attacked Hanzhong, Zhang Yi, as Zhao Yun's Ministry, took part in the battle of the Han River. After Liu Bei's expedition to Wu, Zhang Yi joined the battle as a guard captain of the Chinese army.

Zhuge Liang led his army to the south, and Zhang Yi also took part in the war and made a lot of contributions. After the former military governor, led the identity of Fufeng Taishou, followed Zhuge Liang in the northern expedition of Cao Wei. After Zhuge Liang died, he became the main force of the northern expedition with Jiang Wei, Xia Houba and Liao Hua. Xiahouba was killed in battle. Zhang Yi was a general of left chariot, guarding Yangan pass. After the death of Shu Han, Zhang Yi surrendered to Zhonghui with Jiang Wei, and was killed by the army in Zhonghui's rebellion.

Film and television image

In the 1994 TV series romance of the Three Kingdoms, Qi Wenqiang (fighting in the north and the South) and Li Liping (three points to one) played Zhang Yi respectively.

Chinese PinYin : Zhang Yi