Huang Kan

Huang Kan

Huang Kan (April 3, 1886 - October 8, 1935) was originally named Qiao Nai, later renamed Qiao Xin, and finally changed to Kan. His name was Ji Gang and Ji Zi. In his later years, he was a resident of Liangshou, a native of Qichun, Hubei Province. He is a modern Chinese democratic revolutionist, a pioneer of the 1911 Revolution, a famous linguist and sinologist.

In 1905, he studied in Japan and taught in Tokyo as Zhang Taiyan. He was a primary school student and a Confucian classics student. He was the first disciple of Zhang's family. He has been a professor in Peking University, Central University, Jinling University and Shanxi University.

Later generations called him, Zhang Taiyan and Liu Shipei "masters of Chinese culture", called him and Zhang Taiyan "masters of primary schools since Qianlong and Jiaqing" and "inheritors and enlighteners of Traditional Philology".

Life of the characters

Huang Kan has been a professor in Peking University, Wuchang Normal University (the predecessor of Wuhan University), Beijing Normal University, Shanxi University, Northeast University, Central University (the predecessor of Nanjing University) and Jinling University since 1914. During his stay in Peking University, he learned from Liu Shipei and was proficient in the family law of Zuo school in the spring and Autumn period. He died in Nanjing on October 8, 1935, at the age of 49. There are many famous scholars in the 20th century, such as Yang Bojun, Cheng Qianfan, pan Chonggui, Lu Zongda, Yin Menglun, Liu you, Huang Zhuo and so on.

Huang Kan has profound attainments in Confucian classics, literature and philosophy, especially in the phonology, characters and exegesis of traditional "primary school". He called him, Zhang Taiyan and Liu Shipei "masters of Chinese culture", and called them "the great master of primary school since Qianlong and Jiaqing" and "the inheritor of Traditional Philology". He advocated that the study of Chinese traditional philology should be based on Shuowen and Guangyun. He attached great importance to system and organization, emphasized the study of Chinese philology from the relationship among form, sound and meaning, and put phonology throughout the text and exegesis. Huang Kan was diligent in his studies, and he was stupid in his own way. He advocated "being good at academic affairs" and "being broad and rigorous". Huang Kan's works are abundant, and his important works include yinlue, Shuowen lueshuo, Erya lueshuo, Jiyun Shenglei table, Wenxindiaolong's notes, rizhilu's proofreading, Huangkan's essays on learning, etc.

Huang Kan's study of ancient Chinese characters is mainly found in yinlue (Guoxue Zhuolin, 1920, Vol. 1, No. 1), Shengyun sketchy (literature and art series, 1936, Vol. 2, No. 2), Shengyun general rules (Weishi, 1920, Vol. 1, No. 2) and the book of Huang Jigang and his friends on primary school governance (Weishi, 1920, Vol. 3). His contributions to the phonological system of the ancient times are as follows: he put forward the theory of ancient phonology 19 new words; he put forward the theory of ancient phonology 28 parts; he put forward the theory of ancient phonology only entering two tones. He established his own system of ancient phonology, that is, the system of ancient phonology. His achievements in the study of ancient phonology ended the study of ancient phonology since he took care of Yanwu and made him a master of ancient phonology in Qing Dynasty. As a part of his works on linguistics and Philology, he has dozens of notation to analyze ancient Chinese. His notes on Wen Xin Diao Long had a great influence on the study of ancient Chinese literary theory. His works on metaphysics in Han and Tang Dynasties, a brief introduction to the study of rites, and general rules of the book of preaching also have many original ideas on the study of philosophy and Confucian classics. Because of his rigorous scholarship, he refused to write books easily. If he did not reach a final conclusion, he would not show others. He once said, "at the age of 50, he should write books." unfortunately, when he was 50, he died prematurely before he could write a great work, leaving behind a large number of unorganized manuscripts for collating ancient books.

Huang Kan's main works include: special issue of Mr. Huang Jigang's will (literature and art series of Central University, 1936, Vol. 2, No. 2), Huang Kan's essays on learning (Shanghai Institute of Zhonghua Book Company, 1964), Jiyun Shenglei table (Kaiming bookstore, Shanghai, 1937), rizhilu Xiaoji (Publishing Group, Central University, 1933), etc. In Qingshi Middle School of Qingshi Town, Qichun County, Hubei Province, there is a Huangkan library.

After studying, there are plenty of books and 30 thousand volumes of books. The essence of Nanjing was destroyed because of its fall. Wang Guoyuan, a bibliographer, recorded that "before the Tang Dynasty, there were many kinds of books and series, but when he came to the collection department, he chose them strictly.". In 1947, his wife Huang Juying donated 5000 books to Hubei Provincial Library, including more than 60 school editions approved by Huang Kan and more than 100 rare editions. There is a catalogue of Mr. Huang Jigang's posthumous letters.

Personal life

Huang Kan, Ji Gang, was born in dazhangshu, Qingshi Town, Qichun County, Hubei Province. Its original name was Qiaoxin, and its name was Meijun. Later it was changed to Kan, and its name was Jizi, and its name was liangshoujushi. He was born in Chengdu on April 3, 1886 and died in Nanjing on October 8, 1935 at the age of 49. Huang Kan has always been decent and never followed the trend. During the period of Nanjing National Government in power, most of the former friends of the alliance were dignitaries in the national government. Only when Juzheng was under Chiang Kai Shek's house arrest, he was alone and suffering so much that no one could hide from him, he often went to Juzheng's prison to talk with him. Later, Juzheng made a comeback and returned to high position, but he never saw him again! Juzheng thought of his friendship and went to liangshoulu to ask him why he didn't come to play any more. He replied: "you are not what you used to be. You are full of guests and you have a high weight. How can I be a climber?"

Huang Kan is a master of Sinology, Zhang Taiyan. He is good at phonological exegesis and literature. He has been a professor of Peking University, Southeast University, Wuchang Normal University and Jinling University. He studied hard all his life, treated himself as a fool, and advocated "being good at learning" and "being broad and rigorous". Zhang Taiyan, taking Taiping Heavenly Kingdom as an example, jokingly granted Huang Kan the title of "Heavenly King".

In 1919, Hu Shi returned to China after studying abroad, taught at Peking University, and launched the new culture movement. After Hu Shi's birth, Fu Sinian, who was the most proud and highly expected person in Huang Kan's life, soon fell into the camp of new literature. It is said that Huang Kan always scolds Hu Shi before giving a formal lecture.

Huang Kan and Hu Shi gave lectures at Peking University. At a banquet, Hu Shi occasionally talked about Mohism. Huang Kan said, "the people who talk about Mohism are all bastards." Hu Shi was embarrassed. Huang Kan also scolded: "it's the right man, but also a bastard." Hu Shi was furious. But Huang Kan laughed and said, "calm down, I'm trying you. Mozi's universal love is fatherless. Now that you have a father, why do you talk about Mohism? I'm not scolding you, but I'm trying to talk to you! " Raise your seat and laugh. Huang Kan's personality is frivolous. He married nine times in his life. There was a saying in the press that "Huang Kan's articles go all over the world, and he is very lustful, not my mother, not my daughter, but my wife.". Tang Guoli, Zhang Taiyan's wife, once recalled Huang Kan's deceiving marriage to Huang Shaolan, which made him homeless all his life. She denounced Huang as a "shameless beast in disguise" and "a little talent is enough to help Huang Shaolan".

Huang Kan was diligent in his studies, and he was stupid in his own way. He advocated "being good at academic affairs" and "being broad and rigorous". He attached great importance to his teacher's inheritance, but did not adhere to his teacher's theory. He used to be "diligent and assiduous" to warn himself. Although he is a famous scholar with weak body, he is still committed to learning and tireless, "only when he has not read all the books in the world, can he not write the book rashly". His study of characters, phonology and exegesis is far from Han and Tang Dynasties, and is close to Qian and Jia dynasties. In the aspect of phonology, it classifies the ancient sounds according to the actual speech at that time. In his later years, he mainly engaged in the study of exegesis. Huang Kan's works are abundant, and his important works include yinlue, Shuowen lueshuo, Erya lueshuo, Jiyun Shenglei table, Wenxindiaolong's notes, rizhilu's proofreading, Huangkan's essays on learning, etc.

Academic chronology

He was born in Sandao guild hall, Jinyu street, Chengdu on April 3, 1886.

1888 - with Mr. Jiang Shuhai asked the word, first taught the Analects. 1890 - with his father, he still lives in Qichun, Hubei Province.

1896 - I went to Wuchang with my father, read the classics, and read the biographies of the scholars. The next year, Ding's father was worried.

1900 - Taking the county examination and entering school.

In 1902, he entered Wuchang Hubei ordinary school. Students include Song Jiaoren, Dong Biwu, etc.

1905 - the general school of Zaiwen was expelled because of the propaganda of paiman thought, and Zhang Zhidong, the son of his old friend, was given financial aid to study in Japan.

In 1907, he wrote Shixia, the doctrine of exclusive driving out Manchu and mourning the poor under the pseudonyms of Yunhu, buying and Xinchuan, and published in Min Bao edited by Zhang Taiyan. Mr. Shishi Taiyan. There are "new dialect after preface", "Guogu Lun Heng preface".

1908 - he returned to China to serve his mother's illness. Shortly after that, his mother died. He was born in Xiaoyi and settled down the province behind closed doors. At that time, the Qing government ordered to arrest the revolutionaries, but the petty officials wanted to arrest them, so they left their hometown in a hurry and went to Japan to go to yizhangshi. Day and night study of Chinese culture.

In 1910, when he returned to China, he set up a filial piety association to preach the righteousness of race and the Chinese crisis.

1911 - after the revolution of 1911, he went to the rivers and lakes, but he didn't want to be an official, so he retreated to Shanghai and became the leader of Minsheng daily. From 1914 to 1914, he studied Guangyun and identified 19 kinds of ancient sounds and 28 Ancient Rhymes. Some articles, such as xiandaopinglun and shiruozhe, were published in Yayan magazine.

1919 - published Guangyun lost words and maoshizhengyun review in Guogu monthly and Guomin monthly. Because of his discord with Hu Shi and others, he transferred to Wuchang Normal University.

1920 - published the general rules of phonology and the book of primary school with friends in the Journal of Weishi. And for "Shuowen", "Erya" and other chapters.

1923 - still teaching in Wuchang, there are "yinlue", "Shigong literati", "Wenxindiaolong notes" published in "Huaguo monthly" and "Guoxue Zhuolin".

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Chinese PinYin : Huang Kan