Li Duokui

Li Duokui

Li Duokui (October 6, 1898 - July 25, 1974), male, came to Beijing with his father at the age of 4. At the age of 8, he studied in Qingshou and Keban classes, and learned Hebei Bangzi and Peking Opera from Jia Zhichen. When he was 9 years old, he appeared on the stage, and when he was 12 years old, he began to sing with "beating the Golden branch" and "cinnabar mole". After changing his voice at the age of 16, he learned Jinghu from Mr. Cheng Chunlu. At the age of 24, his voice recovered. At the age of 26, Mr. barofshan changed to laodan as a teacher. He, together with Wen Liangchen and song Jiemei, were Luo Fushan's disciples. He got the instruction from Mr. Gong Yunfu, and later got the professor and assistant from Mr. Lu Yanting, the zither player of Mr. Gong. At that time, in order to improve his singing skills, he played and sang with huqin in private, and practiced for several years, thus laying a solid foundation for his voice. Since Gong YUNPU died in the singing world, he invited Gong's zither player Lu Wu (Yanting) to accompany him. Lu also taught Gong's singing secrets, tricks and repertoire.

Life of the characters

Personal profile

He studied huqin from Lu Yanting at the age of 12. Later, his voice became more and more powerful. Gong Yunfu saw that Lu Yanting often played the piano to practice his voice. He changed to laodan and taught by Bai Luofushan, Xie Baoyun and Gong Yunfu. Li Duokui took the advantages of the three schools, combined with his own conditions, paid attention to the charm, simple and generous, cangxiu tall and straight, mellow charm, founded the laodan new tune, known as the "Li school". His singing is more important than using Qi. He often says that "Qi is the foundation of sound, and there is no sound without Qi." He is very meticulous in the arrangement of the methods of changing, stealing, lifting, spraying, swallowing, spitting, collecting and releasing Qi in singing. In his singing, no matter he is in the fast Allegro or the long drawl adagio, he can sing with full spirit and keep his voice mellow and pleasant. He also pays great attention to the change of rhyme and the combination of emotional expression. In 1929, Li Duokui went to Shanghai with Cheng Yanqiu to perform. His catch the golden turtle made a sensation in Shencheng and shocked both sides of the Pujiang River. Later, he cooperated with Gao Qingkui and Jin Shaoshan, and often performed in Beijing and Shanghai. He was good at performing such plays as "meet the Queen's Dragon Robe", "Taijun's farewell to the court" and "Xinglu wailing".

After liberation, he joined the Beijing Opera Troupe. In 1961, he cooperated with Qiu Shengrong to arrange and perform "chisang town", which once again caused a sensation and became the representative work of laodan and tongchui opera. In many years of performance practice, Li Duokui has summed up such a singing technique as "bright" with "soft" and "crisp" with "moist", which can express the emotional changes of the characters in different environments in detail and is full of aesthetic feeling of auditory appreciation. In the performance practice, the audience sounds bright, crisp, wide, narrow, moist, soft, sweet and sandy, and strives to show the musical perfection of the singing skills of laodan in Peking Opera. Li Duokui has also invested a lot of energy in this aspect and achieved good artistic effects. He has become the most influential and far-reaching laodan artist in the Peking opera art circle after Gong Yunfu, and is also a Peking opera performing art team He is a master of art who is a link between the past and the future. In addition to elaborately creating and performing a number of excellent Peking Opera plays, Li Duokui has also cultivated a large number of artistic posterity, such as Li Shengquan, Li Jinquan, Wang Yumin, Li Mingyan, Wang Mengyun, Wang Xiaolin, etc.

Because he got the biography of Gong indirectly, his art became more and more energetic, and he inherited the characteristics of Gong's singing style. Therefore, he soon became as famous as several old men of Gong school at that time, such as woyun Jushi and song Jiemei, and became the most prominent figures on the stage. He often cooperates with Cheng Yanqiu, Gao Qingkui, Jin Shaoshan, Ma Lianliang and other famous experts, and is very popular. In 1961, he rehearsed "chisang town" with Mr. Qiu Shengrong, which was highly praised.

Growth experience

(1) At the age of 4, he came to Beijing with his father. At the age of 8, he studied Arts in Qingshou and Keban classes. He studied Hebei Bangzi and Peking Opera from Mr. Jia Zhichen. (2) When he was 9 years old, he appeared on the stage, and when he was 12 years old, he began to sing with "beating the Golden branch" and "cinnabar mole".

(3) After changing his voice at the age of 16, he learned Jinghu from Mr. Cheng Chunlu.

(4) At the age of 24, his voice recovered. At the age of 26, Mr. barofshan changed to laodan as a teacher. He got the instruction from Mr. Gong Yunfu, and later got the professor and assistant from Mr. Lu Yanting, the zither player of Mr. Gong. He often cooperates with Cheng Yanqiu, Gao Qingkui, Jin Shaoshan, Ma Lianliang and other famous experts, and is very popular. He is good at performing plays such as "fishing for golden turtles, walking on the road, crying for souls", "wangerlou", "yuhou, Longpao", "Taijun's Ci Dynasty", "huayoushan, youliudian", "mother-in-law's Ci", etc.

(5) After liberation, he joined the Taiping Peking Opera Club and performed with Tan Fuying, Qiu Shengrong, Liang xiaoluan and other famous artists. Later, he joined Beijing Opera Troupe.

(6) In 1961, he rehearsed "chisang town" with Mr. Qiu Shengrong, which was highly praised. The potential is like a cloud through a stone. Li Shengquan, Li Jinquan, Shi Shibao and Zhao Minghua, Wang Mengyun, Wang Xiaolin, Li Mingyan, Lin Lijuan are all patriarchal.

Representative plays

He is good at performing plays such as "fishing for the golden turtle", "crying on the road", "wangerlou", "meeting the Empress Dowager's Dragon Robe" (or breaking the Empress Dowager and beating the Dragon Robe), "Taijun's farewell to the court", "huayoushan" and "visiting the six halls". In his later years, chisang Town, which was performed with the famous pure angle Qiu Shengrong, can be called a masterpiece.

artistic characteristics

Mr. Li Duokui's voice is bright and vigorous, his words are clear, his lines are fluent, his charm is rich, and his middle spirit is especially abundant. He is as powerful as a stone. His voice is loud and broad, full and clear, with good bass and high pitch. Energetic and good at using. On the basis of Gong Yunfu's singing style, he gave full play to the advantages of truthfulness and forcefulness, and strengthened the strength of singing style. High singing style is vigorous and straight, while low singing style is more euphemistic and calm. Large section singers are solid and steady, and their lines are relaxed and generous. The faster the rhythm is, the more even the breath is, and the words have a cavity, which fully demonstrates the superb singing skills and the special mellow beauty Charm.

Li Duokui has a unique "center ring hall" voice. His voice is full of the female and poor voice of old women, and he is very particular about enunciation and spout. After decades of artistic practice and continuous in-depth research and improvement, on the basis of Gong school, a personal singing style has been formed in laodan's trip, creating an influential "Li school". Later, he became a senior artist in laodan's business.

Main disciple

Li Shengquan, Li Jinquan, Wang Xiaolin, Wang Mengyun, shishibao, Zhao Minghua, Li Mingyan, Lin Lijuan are all patriarchal.

inscriptions on a tablet

Written by Weng Xihong

You taboo wanxuan, word Ziqing, Hebei Hejian people. In 1909, he joined Qingshou and Keban Gong laodan. His stage name was Duokui. He was a patriarchal Gong Yunfu and his teacher was Luo Fushan. Gong founded before and was known as Gong school in the world; Jun built after and learned a lot from others. He won the reputation of Zhong Qiu. He was quite different from his predecessors. He founded Li school and was famous for its wonderful art. Those who learn from Lao Dan all learn from him, so he has the fragrance of peach and plum. Among the disciples, Li Shengquan and Li Jinquan are the best. Among the representative plays performed by you, Diao Jin Gui and Da Long Pao are the most popular. You have cooperated with all the families in Liyuan for a bright future. You have made a great contribution to the cause of Peking Opera. You were born on November 20, 1898 and died on July 25, 1974. Today's great master of laodan is dead forever, and Ji De is the inscription.

The sound of gold and jade, the sound of chrysanthemum altar, and the man of noble character will always keep the virtue.

Professionalism

Mr. Li Duokui's rehearsal of chisang town

In 1961, Beijing Opera Troupe presented a gift to the party's birthday. Qiu Shengrong and Li Duokui co performed the adapted play chisang town. After accepting the task, Mr. Li Duokui said, "I want to keep up with Mr. Qiu. I'll finish the task in a few days. Don't miss the gift day because of me. "

At that time, Mr. Li, 63 years old, was a "Sangyu's old age" and suffered from hypertension. It was really difficult for the old man to memorize the opera words. However, in order to present a gift to the party's 40th birthday, he took medicine in spite of illness and forgot to eat and sleep. While reciting words, he played the huqin, hummed tunes, designed the singing, and pondered over and over again. He learned from some of his traditional operas "Xu Mu scolds Cao", "Hua You Shan" and "you Liu Dian", which he used to perform in the past. In only eight days, he completed the task of reciting words and designing singing. When he was in line, Mr. Qiu said to Mr. Li, "second uncle, it's too hard for you because of the tight time."

In the play, Mr. Li is not limited by the rhyme of traditional characters in Peking Opera. He modifies the "Shangkou" which is far away from putonghua. For example, the "Xue" of "LongTuge" is still pronounced as Xue instead of "Shangkou". This is his consistent spirit of innovation, which is also reflected in other plays. This was very rare for Mr. Li, a veteran of the Yuan Dynasty in Peking Opera circles at that time.

In May 1961, we heard the live recording of the two masters in Changbi Town, Beijing. Mellow charm and perfect are the common characteristics of their singing. However, due to the tight time for the rehearsal, there are two places where Mr. Li forgot his words. However, the audience did not care about these, but was intoxicated by the mellow voice. Later, Mr. Li made minor changes to his singing style and lyrics, and added two lines to his lyrics: "just now I collided with you in my words, and you understand my old man's heart for losing his son.". In this way, Wu Miaozhen asked Bao Zheng to understand his excessive words and deeds aroused by the pain of losing his son. However, due to various reasons, it was never added to the performance. Unfortunately, the play only lasted half a year, and Mr. Li was admitted to the hospital because of a stroke. Without his cooperation, Mr. Qiu seldom played in the play.

Later, Mr. Fang Rongxiang said: "if the two gentlemen sing the play" chisang town "for 20 years

Chinese PinYin : Li Duo Kui