Kaohsiung

Kaohsiung

Kaohsiung City, the "municipality directly under the central government" of Taiwan Province, is located in the southwest of Taiwan Island. It was merged from the former Kaohsiung City and Kaohsiung County of Taiwan Province on December 25, 2010. The city center is located at 120 ° 19'32 "E and 22 ° 37'29" n. Its territory ranges from northeast to central mountain range and Yushan main peak, southwest to the Nansha Pacific island, middle island and the Dongsha Islands. Clockwise, it is adjacent to Tainan City, Jiayi County, Nantou County, Hualian County, Taidong County, Pingdong county and other counties and cities. It covers an area of 2947 square kilometers and has a total population of 2.78 million (2017), ranking second in Taiwan.

Evolution of organizational system

In 1664, under the rule of the Ming Dynasty, Kaohsiung was once divided into Wannian Prefecture, one of the two states.

In the 37th year of Yongli (1684) of Ming Dynasty, it was assigned to Fengshan County, and the county government was set up in Xinglongzhuang.

In September 1920, when the administrative region reform began, the Japanese colonial rulers not only changed the place name from "Dagou" to "Kaohsiung", but also classified the city as "Kaohsiung County, Kaohsiung Street", which belongs to Kaohsiung Prefecture; four years later, they abolished Kaohsiung County and directly changed the name of Kaohsiung Street into "Kaohsiung City", which still belongs to Kaohsiung Prefecture.

In October 1945, Taiwan officially returned it.

On November 8, 1945, the municipal government was established in Yancheng District of Kaohsiung City.

In 1950, Taiwan Province adjusted the administrative regions of various counties and cities, of which the administrative regions of Kaohsiung City remained the same.

On January 1, 1952, Lianya district was renamed Lingya district.

On March 15, 1961, shunchangli in Lingya district was classified as Xinxing district.

On July 1, 1979, the administrative department of the Taiwan authorities upgraded Kaohsiung City to a "municipality directly under the central government"; adjacent to qianzhen District, Xiaogang Township, which originally belonged to Kaohsiung County, was also under the jurisdiction of Kaohsiung City and changed into a small port area.

In 1983, Dongsha Island and Nansha Taiping Island, located in the South China Sea, began to be under the jurisdiction of zhongxingli, Qijin district.

On December 25, 2010, Kaohsiung City and Kaohsiung County of Taiwan Province merged into a new "municipality directly under the central government", still known as "Kaohsiung City".

administrative division

As of 2013, Kaohsiung has a total of 37 districts, and the municipal government is located at No. 2, siweisan Road, Lingya district. (Fengshan, Gangshan and Qishan are collectively referred to as "three mountains"):

Note: during the period of Japanese invasion, Xiaogang District, together with other Fengshan areas, belonged to Fengshan County of Kaohsiung Prefecture. In 1979, the former Xiaogang township of Kaohsiung County was transferred to Kaohsiung City and became its municipal district, which was upgraded along with the provincial Kaohsiung City.

geographical environment

Location context

Kaohsiung is located in the southwest of Taiwan, at the south entrance of the Taiwan Strait. It is the sea gate of Southern Taiwan. Clockwise, it is adjacent to Tainan City, Jiayi County, Nantou County, Hualian County, Taidong County, Pingdong county and other counties and cities. It covers an area of 2947 square kilometers. The city center is located at 120 ° 19'32 "E and 22 ° 37'29" n.

topographic features

Kaohsiung is adjacent to the Taiwan Strait in the West and the Bashi Strait in the south. The west half is alluvial plain terrain, and the east half is mainly mountainous area, extending to Yushan; Shoushan on the coast of Gushan, Banping mountain on the east side of Zuoying, and Fengshan hills in the southeast, of which Chaishan and Banping mountain are formed by the uplift of coral reefs.

climate

The average temperature of Kaohsiung is 18.6 ℃ in February and 28.7 ℃ in June; the average relative humidity of Kaohsiung is 60% in March and 81% in August. The sunshine hours are 2139 hours in the whole year, and 138.1 hours in February is the least, and 227.4 hours in June is the highest. However, there is little rain in autumn and winter, and the seasonal and annual variations of rainfall are large. The annual rainfall is 1784.9 mm, of which 11.5 mm is the least in December and 426.3 mm is the highest in August. May to September is the rainy season in Kaohsiung, which brings down about 90% of the annual rainfall in Kaohsiung. Winter is the dry season in Kaohsiung, with only three days of rainfall per month on average. Heavy rain is rare at this time. The temperature change in the four seasons of the year is not significant, except that it is cooler in the morning and evening from December to February of the next year, and the high temperature in the daytime may drop to about 20-23 degrees when the cold current goes down to the south. The coldest month in Kaohsiung is January, with an average temperature of about 20 degrees. When the cold current strikes, it will drop to 13 to 19 degrees from night to early morning. Generally, the days with daily high temperature below 20 degrees in a year will not exceed 10 days. The frequency of daily low temperature falling below 10 degrees in urban area is about once every three years, and it has a decreasing trend.

hydrology

In the lake or catchment area, there are clear lake in Niaosung district and Lianchi Lake in the south of Banping; Fengshan reservoir in the junction of Xiaogang District, Linyuan district and Daliao district; neiweiyu near Kaohsiung Municipal Art Museum; and Jinshi Lake in the first belt of Fuding. The main tributaries of Gaoping River are pengnong River and Qishan river. The tributaries of pengnong River are zhuokou River, Baolai River, Laxi River and lakuyin river. The tributaries of Qishan River are Meinong river.

In addition, the main rivers in Kaohsiung are qianzhen River, Aihe River, Houjin River, agongdian River and Dianbao River, and the city is separated from Tainan City by Erren river. Among them, Ai River is the most important river flowing through the urban area. It originates from the fields in bagualiao area of Renwu district (and also from the irrigation system of caogongzhen), with a length of about 12 km.

natural resources

water resource

Gaoping river is the largest river in Kaohsiung City and the largest river in Taiwan Basin. The water system is located in the east of Kaohsiung City, and the entrance to the sea is in Linyuan district. It is the main boundary between the city and Pingtung County. It is one of the important sources of water for agriculture, industry and people's livelihood in Kaohsiung City. Located at the east foot of Xiaogang in Yanchao district and at the junction of Gangshan district and Tianliao District, agongdian reservoir is the only reservoir in Taiwan with flood control as its main target. Its main function is flood control and farmland irrigation. It is the earliest reservoir completed in Postwar Taiwan. The total length of the dam is 2.38 km.

mineral resources

Kaohsiung has oil, steel and other mineral resources.

Biological resources

Kaohsiung has pig, chicken, cattle, sheep, cotton, wheat, millet, peanut, soybean, sweet potato, honeysuckle, wolfberry and other biological resources.

land resource

The total land area of Kaohsiung City is 1.3896 million hectares, including 307000 hectares of cultivated land, 270000 hectares of suitable forest land, 199000 hectares of woodland and more than 200000 hectares of Mu Po.

Population nationality

As of 2013, the total population of Kaohsiung was 277 thousand. The main ethnic group in the city is Han nationality, and there are macado, Manchu and other ethnic minorities.

Politics

In the political situation of Kaohsiung, the proportion of supporters of the pan green camp is larger than that of the pan blue camp.

administration

Kaohsiung Municipal government is the highest administrative organ of Kaohsiung City and also the highest organ of local autonomy. It belongs to the rank of "municipality directly under the central government" and is directly under the jurisdiction of the administrative organs of Taiwan authorities. The mayor is directly elected by the public for a term of four years and can be re elected once. Kaohsiung Municipal government is juxtaposed with the Municipal Council as the highest decision-making body. Under the mayor and three vice mayors, there are 30 first-class organs (including 23 bureaus, 4 departments and 3 committees) and 38 district offices. In addition, there are department / Committee / Institute / Museum / Center / field and other second-class organs.

legislation

Kaohsiung City Council, located in Fengshan District, is the highest public opinion organ of Kaohsiung City. It legislates and supervises the administration of the municipal government on behalf of all the citizens of Kaohsiung City. Members are directly elected by the public for a term of four years and can be re elected. There are nine committees: Civil Affairs Committee, finance and Economics Committee, education committee, traffic committee, security committee, Public Works Committee, laws and Regulations Committee, procedure Committee and discipline committee.

judicial

The procuratorial Office of the Kaohsiung District Court of Taiwan is a procuratorial organ in the Kaohsiung District Court of Taiwan. However, it is administratively subordinate to the legal department of the Taiwan authorities. The current procurator general is Cai Ruizong. Kaohsiung District Court belongs to the ordinary court. The current president of Kaohsiung District Court is Gao Jinzhi, who has jurisdiction over the population of 2.77 million in Kaohsiung City. There are two ordinary courts, namely Kaohsiung ordinary court and Fengshan ordinary court, which handle appeals and appeals against the judgments of the first instance of civil and criminal cases by the summary court, as well as appeals against the judgments against the maintenance of social order law. There are four summary courts, namely Kaohsiung summary court, Fengshan summary court, Gangshan summary court and Qishan summary court, which accept the trial of civil and criminal summary cases and cases of violation of the law of maintaining social order. In the future, Fengshan District Court of Taiwan will be set up in Qiaotou district.

Economics

comprehensive

In 2013, Kaohsiung achieved a GDP of 1.32 billion yuan, an increase of 14.5% and 2.9% compared with 2012 at comparable prices. Among them, the added value of the primary industry was 430 million yuan, an increase of 6.3% over 2012; the added value of the secondary industry was 440 million yuan, an increase of 27.2% over 2012; the added value of the tertiary industry was 450 million yuan, an increase of 11.7% over 2012.

primary industry

In 2013, the total output value of agriculture, forestry, animal husbandry and fishery in Kaohsiung was 890 million yuan, an increase of 5.4% over 2012. Among them, the agricultural output value was 580 million yuan, an increase of 4.8% over 2012, and the livestock output value was 250 million yuan, an increase of 6.4% over 2012. The sown area of grain is 340000 mu, an increase of 1% over 2012; the total grain output is 145000 tons, an increase of 4.6% over 2012. Vegetable planting area is 90100 mu, 2

Chinese PinYin : Gao Xiong