Xie Wendong

Xie Wendong

Xie Wendong (1887-december 3, 1946), formerly known as Xie Wenhan, was a Manchu General of the national revolutionary army. Born in Yongdian village, Kuandian County, Dandong City, Liaoning Province in 1887. Later, the whole family moved to nianzihe village, Boli County, Qitaihe City, Heilongjiang Province. In his early years, he cultivated land and raised silkworms. In 1932, he joined Li Du's Anti Japanese self defense army and served as head of cavalry brigade. Later, he served as commander in chief of the people's Salvation Army, chairman of the military committee of the Northeast Anti Japanese United Army, and commander of the Eighth Army of the Northeast Anti Japanese United Army. In March 1939, he surrendered to the enemy under the cruel attack of the Japanese army. After the victory of the Anti Japanese War, he was appointed by the national government as the commander of the 85th division of the new 27th army, the commander of the third army of the central advance army of the fifth theater, and the commander in chief of the 15th group army. In 1946, the headquarters were defeated by the Northeast Democratic Coalition army, captured in November, and shot in Boli County on December 3.

Character experience

Life

He studied in a private school for four years when he was young. At the age of 16, he began to take charge of the family business, farming land, raising silkworms and selling livestock. Later, due to the debt of land purchase, he tied the ticket of a rich family surnamed Yang in xiezigou and was chased. He and his family ran to Fengcheng County for temporary shelter. In 1925, he fled from Fengcheng county to live in Taipingtun, Tulong Shanxi, Yilan County, Jilin Province (now Yilan County, Heilongjiang Province).

When Xie Wendong first came to Tulong mountain, his life was difficult. Because Tulong mountain area is wide and sparsely populated, his family has sufficient labor, and their life is getting richer year by year. In two years, he became the Baodong and self-defense commander of the fifth Bao in the third district of Yilan County, and became a landlord five or six years later.

At the time when the Japanese armed pioneers invaded their homes, he resolutely rose up and led the children of his hometown to fight against the Japanese aggressors in an astonishing and weeping armed struggle, resulting in the Tulongshan peasant uprising. More than 20 Japanese soldiers were killed in the first battle of Tulongshan uprising, and they became an important figure in the modern history of Northeast China.

After the uprising, the peasants set up a peasant self-defense army to fight against the Japanese aggressors under the leadership of Xie Wendong. In the case of the army's defeat, the third army of the Northeast Anti Japanese coalition helped the peasant Anti Japanese armed forces in time, and later it was reorganized into the Eighth Army of the Northeast Anti Japanese coalition.

In the spring of 1939, Xie Wendong surrendered to the Japanese aggressor army and betrayed the motherland and the people when the war of resistance against Japan was in a difficult situation.

After the victory of the Anti Japanese War, Xie Wendong took advantage of the chaotic situation in Hejiang area to recruit new troops.

In November 1945, he was reorganized into Sanjiang people's autonomous army by the governor. In mid December, he rebelled and joined the Kuomintang.

On November 20, 1946, he was captured by the democratic coalition forces in front of a small temple between sidaohezi and wuhuzizi in Yilan. On December 3, Xie Wendong, the bandit leader of the public trial, was held in Boli County and executed on the spot.

resistance against Japanese aggression

Xie Wendong hired others to kidnap Zhang Baotang's grandson as a hostage in Kuandian County because he owed foreign debts for land purchase, extorting 4000 yuan of small foreign money. Zhang told the government about the incident, and Xie Wendong took his family to Tulong mountain in Yilan County (now under the jurisdiction of Huanan). Xie Wendong had extensive contacts in Tulong mountain. In 1926, he was elected as the fifth Baodong. In 1930, Yilan County Government appointed him as the chief of the fifth protection and the head of self-defense, becoming a powerful family in Tulong mountain. After the September 18th Incident, the Japanese aggressors soon occupied Ilan. In the autumn of 1933, the Japanese army forcibly occupied Tulongshan in order to resettle the immigrants, and ordered the farmers to take their photos and guns. Xie Wendong led the people to resist the Japanese army and refused to hand in their guns and photos. As a result, Fujimoto, the Japanese counsellor of the puppet Ilan County, was dissatisfied and ordered to revoke Xie Wendong's position as the fifth chief security officer.

The underground Communist Party of Tulongshan went deep into the various guarantors and called on the people to organize and take up arms to attack the Japanese army. Under the influence of this situation, Xie Wendong consulted with Jing Zhenqing, the sixth Baochang, to set up a peasant Anti Japanese self defense army. In just a few days, it developed into a peasant Anti Japanese team of more than 2000 people. On March 9, 1934, he attacked the puppet police station and the commercial regiment of Taiping Town, disarmed the enemy and killed more than 10 people. News of the peasant uprising soon spread to Yilan County. Osamu Chaowu, commander of the 63rd regiment of the 10th division of the Japanese Kwantung Army stationed in the city, brought five cars and more than 100 Japanese puppet troops to Tulongshan on the 11th. After learning the information, Xie Wendong sent Cao Ziheng, Jing Longtan and others to lead the team to ambush the Japanese puppet army in xibaijiagou area of Taiping town. On the spot, Dazuo inaka, Lieutenant Suzuki and the leader of the puppet Police Brigade Gai Wenyi were killed. Five machine guns, more than 10 rifles and thousands of bullets were seized. The victory of this peasant uprising has shocked both at home and abroad, which is called "Tulongshan incident". Xie Wendong led the peasant self-defense army to Banjiehe on the 12th, and officially became the National Salvation Army. Xie Wendong served as commander in chief, Jing Zhenqing as commander in chief of the former enemy, and Wang Jinyong as chief of staff. After that, the people's salvation army fought against the Japanese puppet army in Liutun, Mengjiagang and other places in Jiuli, occupied tuoyaozi gold mine, besieged Hunan camp, and dealt a heavy blow to the enemy in Sanjiang area. Jing Zhenqing, the initiator of the peasant uprising, died when he attacked Hunan camp. Due to the lack of a clear Anti Japanese program and confidence in victory, this anti Japanese team suffered a heavy defeat in huamugang, Ilan in October 1934 under the dual attack of the enemy's political inducement and military "crusade". Xie Wendong took only a dozen subordinates and fled into the mountains of Jixing River in Yilan County.

In January 1935, Xie Wendong met Li Huatang. Under Li's persuasion, he decided to find Zhao Shangzhi, commander of the third army of the Northeast People's revolutionary army. In the spring of the same year, with the help of Zhao Shangzhi, the three sides agreed to set up the general headquarters of the Northeast Anti Japanese joint army, with Xie Wendong as the chairman of the military committee. On March 9, they jointly attacked Fangzheng county. Five Japanese police captains, sergeants and captains were killed, and the houses of Japanese counsellors and instructors were burned down. Guns, ammunition and other materials were seized. In August, Xie Wendong led his team and the third army to attack Xinglong Town in Yilan County. In September, he joined forces with the third and fourth armies to attack former Diaoling. On January 26, 1936, Xie Wendong participated in the enlarged military and political joint meeting of the Northeast People's Anti Japanese United Army convened by Zhao Shangzhi and others, jointly prepared for the establishment of the interim government of the Northeast People's Anti Japanese United Army, and was elected chairman of the Advisory Department.

In the summer of the same year, the delegation of the CPC Central Committee to the Communist International instructed the Zhuhe county Party committee and the three armed forces of the Anti Japanese Alliance to assist Xie Wendong in reorganizing the people's Salvation Army into the Eighth Army of the Northeast Anti Japanese Alliance, and appointed Xie Wendong as the commander of the army. At the same time, he helped him improve the military and political quality of the army, rectify discipline, and develop and expand the contingent. After the establishment of the Eighth Army of the Anti Japanese Federation, it cooperated with the Anti Japanese forces and fought against the Japanese and puppet forces for many times, hitting the enemy hard and becoming an important Anti Japanese armed force in the lower reaches of the Songhua River at that time. It smashed the enemy's "Great Crusade" in autumn and winter of 1936 centered on bin (Binxian), mu (Mulan), Tong (Tonghe), Tang (Tangyuan) and Yi (Yilan).

In March 1937, Yilan County was besieged by the third, fourth, fifth and ninth armies of the Anti Japanese Federation. In August, he ambushed with the Fifth Army at wudaogang, annihilated more than 300 enemies and seized a large number of weapons. After that, Xiewen lived in Fangzheng, Yanshou, Yilan, Boli, Linkou and other counties.

In 1938, under the heavy encirclement and suppression of the Japanese army, most of the leaders of the Eighth Army of the Anti Japanese Federation died, and some surrendered to the enemy. The army suffered heavy casualties. In less than a month, eight relatives of Xie Wendong himself were killed by Japanese soldiers, and only a dozen of them were left in his team.

surrender

In the spring of 1939, Xie Wendong surrendered to the Japanese aggressors and betrayed the motherland and the people when the war of resistance against Japan was in a difficult situation.

After his surrender, Xie Wendong went to Tokyo, Japan, where he was summoned by Emperor Hirohito. He shamelessly reflected to the Japanese government and knelt down in front of the so-called "monument of loyal souls" to repent. From then on, Xie Wendong became a loyal slave of Japanese imperialism. Xie Wendong surrendered to the Japanese Army

After returning to Boli, Japan built five brick houses for Xie Wendong, and assigned him from dayitun, Xiaowu station, to 40 cuanhe ranch in Shudi. He was also appointed honorary president of Japan Manchuria Association in Boli County, head of Chengzihe Coal Mine in Jixi, and leader of labor team. From then on, Xie Wendong was determined to rely on the aggressors and began to cheat the masses.

In the autumn of 1939, Xie Wendong was in charge of Chengzihe Coal Mine. He only paid a few yuan to the workers every day, and deducted all kinds of expenses and his salary. He will also deduct some of the cigarettes given to some heavy smokers and make a windfall at a high price.

In 1942, the labor law was implemented, and compulsory apportionment of labor was carried out for important industries and military projects. Every year, Boli sends 600 or 700 people to the coal mine to work as laborers. When the labor is insufficient, he has to "catch the laborers" to go down to the back of the well to get coal. There are piles of miners who freeze to death, starve to death and die of illness.

ending

In October 1945, Xie Wendong, in dayitun, xiaowuzhan Town, Boli County, Qitaihe City, Heilongjiang Province, set up the third army of the central advance army of the fifth war zone under the banner of the Kuomintang in the name of recuperation, and was appointed commander by the Kuomintang. In Boli, Huanan and other places, more than a dozen regiments and more than 1500 people have been set up. In November of the same year, Li Yanlu, chairman of Hejiang Province, wrote to Xie many times in the name of his old relationship with the Anti Japanese allied forces, asking him to understand the situation clearly, believe in the policies of the Communist Party, and not be fooled by the Kuomintang. After negotiations, he agreed to reorganize his ministry into the Sanjiang people's autonomous army. But he secretly transferred the team to his place for mutiny. In late November, Wu Kang, a special commissioner of the Kuomintang, arrived in Boli to instigate against Xie Wendong. Xie then reorganized his troops into the "first advance force of the 15th northeast group army" of the national revolutionary army. Xie Wendong was appointed commander-in-chief and often fled to Boli, Yilan, Linkou, Jining (West) and other counties to fight against the Communist Party and the people. Burning, killing, looting and destroying the rear base areas in the liberated areas.

Xie Wendong leads more than 1000 people to rape, burn, kill, loot, harass and destroy in Yilan, Boli and other counties

Chinese PinYin : Xie Wen Dong