Jin Zhenghao

Jin Zhenghao

Geographer at the end of the Lee Dynasty in Korea. The name is Bo Yuan, and the name is Gu Shanzi. Taoist Huang Hai. Inheriting the achievements of the predecessors in geography research, he drew the map of Korea "Qingqiu map" in 1834. After that, he trekked all over Korea to carry out on-the-spot investigation, measurement and assessment, which lasted nearly 30 years. In 1861, he drew and published the map of dadongyu, which is one of 162000 copies of the whole country of Korea. In 1861, the Da Dong Di Zhi (15 volumes, 32 volumes) was published, which recorded in detail more than 30 categories such as national population statistics, military defense, Tianfu, qiangu, tribute, bazaar and customs. However, he was forbidden by the emperor who helped you to burn the original version. He was imprisoned for the crime of divulging secrets and died in anger.

Life

Jin Zhenghao (1804? He was born in a civilian family in Hokkaido at that time, and had a profound knowledge of geography and Cartography in his early years. In order to strengthen national defense and give the people the knowledge of their own geography, he devoted himself to drawing maps, and finally completed the atlas of Korea called "Qingqiu map". In 1861, he drew and published a more perfect "dadongyu map". He turned out to be a Taoist of Hainan, and his life was very difficult. In order to draw the right map of North Korea, he spent all his life. Jin Zhenghao's family is very poor and barely makes a living, but he has devoted all his life to mapping with his fervent patriotism. it is said that his daughter is a brilliant writer, and she is good at carving and printing. She is independent of her father's map publishing, and does not marry, which helps him. In order to draw the map of dadongyu, Jin Zhengyu has been walking around the country for nearly 30 years and has carried out on-the-spot investigation and field survey. The basic drawing scale of dadongyu map is 1:162000. This map divides the whole territory of Lee's Korea into 22 parts according to latitude, and takes one part as a volume. one volume covers 80 Li from east to west and 120 Li from north to south. Connecting 22 regional maps, it becomes a large map of Korea with a width of 33 square meters. the map shows in detail the important information of more than 11600 natural, political, economic, military, cultural and other departments, including mountains, mountains, rivers, islands, ports, air routes, administrative boundaries, transportation networks, communications, irrigation, historical sites, etc. At that time, dadongyu map was worth boasting to the world in terms of its scale and content, description techniques and map system. It can be seen that Jin Zhenghao is a patriotic geographer who shows the wisdom and talent of the Korean nation to the world. His dadongyu map is one of the valuable cultural heritages in studying the mapping technology, nature, national defense, economy and culture of Korea at that time. this picture proves that the Yalu River and Tumen River were the boundaries of China and Korea since ancient times.

Afterword

At the beginning of 1908, Chen Zhaochang, the director of the Northeast Supervision Office of the Qing government, negotiated with Wu Luzhen and decided to send Bai Wenwei, the second-class staff officer, to Seoul to learn about the situation in Korea. Bai Wenwei, disguised as a businessman, braved the cold and set out from Juzi street. He traveled day and night to Seoul through Huining, Qingjin, xihujin, Yuanshan and Busan in Korea. Because of Japan's invasion, North Korea was divided into two groups of forces. Min Dongho, Minister of the Ministry of war, advocated rejecting Japan. As a result, Li Wanyong, who was obsessed with Japan, gained the upper hand and abolished the king. Japan controlled North Korea. Through his relationship, Bai Wenwei met the son of the Minister of the Ministry of the Republic of Korea, who was a son of Wan. He had a very precious map of dadongyu at home. This map was insignificant in his hands, but it was a piece of hard evidence in the negotiation of the "Jiandao" issue. Because this historical map clearly indicates that Yanji area is Chinese territory. Some people are willing to pay 500 yuan for a dilapidated map, which makes the young master of the Ministry of household overjoyed. Therefore, Bai Wenwei successfully gets the map. It wasn't long before this young man realized that he had made a big mistake. The Japanese police heard about it and reported it to the police level by level. When the Tongjian government learned that someone had bought the dadongyu map, and that it was a Chinese named Bo Wenwei, it was no different from someone throwing a bomb in the Tongjian government. ITO Bowen immediately ordered to trace it and recover the original map at all costs. Although Bai Wenwei's mission to Seoul has been completed, he is in a more and more dangerous situation, so he has to go to the Chinese Consulate in North Korea for a temporary stay. For fear of causing an accident, Consul General Ma Tingliang ordered him to return to China immediately. On the road, Japan's police set up carts everywhere to check pedestrians. A Japanese gendarme stopped Bai Wenwei, holding a note with "Bai Wenwei" in his hand, and asked him, "do you know this man?" Bai Wenwei shakes her head and says she doesn't know. The gendarmerie, worried, searched him again, and found nothing, so they had to let him go. Bai Wenwei arrived in Incheon by car, then went to Yantai by ship and turned back to Mukden. At this time, Bo happened to meet Wu Luzhen who was also in Fengtian, so he reported his trip to Seoul and presented the precious map. In the future, this map became an important basis for negotiations with Japan.

Chinese PinYin : Jin Zheng Hao