Xu Lixian

Xu Lixian

At the age of nine, he learned Tanci with his adoptive mother. After 15 years old, he performed in Zhejiang. After the founding of the people's Republic of China, he was an actor of Shanghai Pingtan troupe and the second director of China quyi Association.

Personal profile

Xu Lixian (1928-1984), female. Suzhou Tanci actress. He is from Suzhou, Jiangsu Province. At the age of nine, he learned Tanci with his adoptive mother. After 15 years old, he performed in Zhejiang. After the founding of the people's Republic of China, he was an actor of Shanghai Pingtan troupe and the second director of China quyi Association. Member of China Democratic League.

On the basis of Jiang Diao and Xu Diao, Li Diao was created. He is good at performing "Luo Han Qian", "new Mulan Ci" and so on. There is a selection of Xu Lixian's singing.

Artistic experience

His family name is Xu. He was adopted as an adopted daughter by Qian Jinzhang, the leader of the Qian family in Puyu society. His adopted mother taught him to sing Tanci, Beijing Opera and Xiaoqu. Since the age of 11, he has been singing with his adoptive mother in teahouses and pubs. At the age of 15, she took the stage name of Qian Lixian, and competed with her elder martial sister to sing the long Tanci "wopao" and "the cause of crying and laughing". In 1949, Qian Jinzhang was suppressed by the people's government, and Xu Lixian restored her surname. She and her female apprentice Bao Lifang put on performances such as "the cause of crying and laughing" and "Liu Hulan".

In the spring of 1953, he joined the Shanghai People's Pingtan working group (now Shanghai Pingtan group). For a time, he and Yao Yinmei had a long adapted Tanci Fang Zhu.

In 1954, he and Liu Tianyun performed long pieces Du Shiniang, Wang Kui's defeat of GUI Ying and San Xiao.

In 1956, he went to Beijing to perform in the national music week with the selected music of love detective · pear blossom falling.

In 1959, he changed his post to start with Zhang Weizhen and performed the long Tanci "shuangzhufeng".

After 1963, he and Zhou Yunrui performed the long piece after harvest adapted by Zhou.

In 1977, he stopped playing because of tongue cancer. During the treatment, he continued to sing new works and record records with great perseverance.

Around 1981, he performed on stage many times with illness.

Show repertoire

Xu has participated in the performances of Luo hanqian, Liu Hulan, hunting tiger, Wang Zuo's broken arm, Yang Bajie's spring outing, Wang Kui's negative Guiying, and many of his songs have been reserved for a long time. In addition, he has performed short stories "CuO Pao CuO Chu" and selected back to "jietouzhuang" and "Xiao erhei's marriage".

His representative works include new Mulan Ci, Qinggao, Yanggao, the first spring of the sixties, meeting chairman Mao, the trouble of young mother, relying on the good leadership of the party, drinking the Wujiang River, Daiyu burying flowers, wangjinmen, etc., with no less than 30.

Artistic achievements

In the early 1950s, Xu formed a distinctive style of school singing "Li Diao". At the beginning, it was characterized by softness and euphemism, clearness and profundity. After that, he combined with various historical and modern themes of lyrics, and made great innovation and development in singing and melody, adding a bright, vigorous, fluent and cheerful side. She also composed music for Mao Zedong, Ye Jianying and other poems, and achieved certain success. "Li Diao" has made great contributions to the development of Tanci music, as well as the female voice and singing methods. Xu Lixian's selected aria was compiled by Yang Delin and edited by Shanghai Pingtan troupe. It was published by Shanghai Literature and Art Publishing House in 1979. Xu once served as the first and second directors of China quyi Artists Association. The second director of China Musicians Association.

Artistic pursuit

Xu Lixian's persistent pursuit of art has long been rumored in the Pingtan circle. According to Liu Tianyun and Zhou Yunrui, the predecessors of Pingtan, Xu Lixian recites her lyrics during washing time and often goes into the secluded places of the park to imitate the virtual actions of her characters alone. For the sake of art, she learned modestly from her peers and experts. Mr. pingjinya once said that in 1954, Xu Lixian and Liu Tianyun were playing and singing Du Shiniang and love detective in xianle bookstore. At that time, Xu often went in and out of Ping's house in the morning, and her cultural level was not high. She specially asked Mr. Ping, the author of the two books, to explain the meaning of the libretto. After Mr. Ping explained in detail word by word, Xu Lixian understood it carefully, hummed in sections, and then worked together with Liu Tianyun and Zhou Yunrui. Sometimes, Xu Lixian also invited Zhou Yunrui, who was proficient in music, to bring Pipa and Sanxian to Pingjia, and then asked for opinions while singing the initial aria. During the daytime, she would spend a whole day trying to figure out the artistic conception of the lyrics and the feelings of the characters, humming over and over again, carefully revising them, and seeking the most appropriate and beautiful melody. At this time, among the guests are Lu dan'an (the first editor of "the cause of crying and laughing" and an adaptation of "man Jiang Hong" by Zhang Henshui) and Zhao Jingshen. After listening, they will put forward their own views on Xu Lixian's singing. Mr. Zhao is a scholar with great attainments in classical poetry. He often explains the allusions contained in his libretto in simple terms. Mr. Xu is particular about phonology and enunciation. He can guide the rules of four tones and tones, and even patiently explain the knowledge of the structure of the beginning, the belly and the end of a word. Mr. Lu and Mr. Ping also wittily explain all kinds of colloquialism in Pingtan From a variety of characters, skillfully demonstrate the use, until Xu Lixian understand. At this time, bursts of laughter were often heard from the main room of Ping's family, which was the gratifying laughter of the older artists for Xu Lixian's hard work and constant progress. It is in such an artistic atmosphere that Xu Lixian has made great progress with her assiduous spirit and artistic sensitivity.

In the aria of "pear blossoms falling and apricot blossoms blooming", Xu Lixian changed the tune three times before finally setting the tune. It is not only novel in singing, but also highlights the state of mind of "Gui Ying's infatuated love for each other, leaning against the window and looking forward to each other". In order to point out GUI Ying's eagerness for Wang Kui to become famous and return to Beijing as soon as possible, Xu Lixian adopts the singing method of gradually weakening the voice and gradually strengthening the spirit. The tune turns with the words, which is inferior to the people's wishes. She is deeply moved by the sound. After singing the song of "the autumn water sees through the good news", not only the speed changes, but also the board changes. It takes the form of called scattered board (chengscattered board), which further sings the deep love for Wang Kui, and exaggerates the joy before the arrival of Wang Kui's letter of divorce. It also plays a role of contrast between joy and sadness. This is also the result of Xu Lixian's flexible application after she listened to Liu Tianyun's suggestion that she should adopt the form of fast playing and slow singing. In this way, the image of the sentimental and vulnerable women who were insulted and persecuted in ancient times is presented incisively and vividly.

When people praise Xu Lixian's singing, she often answers modestly: "if my singing has some characteristics, it should be attributed to the great contribution of the lyric writer. The lyric compiled by Mr. Ping can break through the sentence pattern and adjust the tone. For example, "the sky is faint, the earth is deep, the tiger and wolf generation, the heart of the poisonous snake, the gratitude and the destruction of human relations" is used in the initial sentence. This is unprecedented in the traditional Tanci. This is the favorable condition created by the Tanci writer for me to jump out of the old box and seek a new singing style, which is convenient for me to express my feelings. Both Mr. Xu Lingyun and Mr. Lu Danan have put forward many technical suggestions for my singing. My singing style also has the advice and help of Liu Tianyun, Yao Yinmei, Zhu Jiesheng, Xu XueYue, Jiang Yuequan, Zhou Yunrui and Yang Delin. "From Xu Lixian's self modesty, we can also see her hard work in art.

As for partners, Xu Lixian always assimilates others' strong points to her heart's content. From Liu Meixian, Cao Zuixian, Yao Yinmei, Xu XueYue, Liu Tianyun, Zhu Jiesheng, Jiang Yuequan, Zhou Yunrui and other colleagues, she learned the basic skills of speaking, stunting, playing, singing, and acting, so that she could create the little moth, Gu Dashao, and she in the middle part of "two brothers", "hunting tiger", "Liang Shanbo and Zhu Yingtai", "luohanqian", "Tang Zhixian shengaoming", "Yang Bajie Youchun" The artistic images of Taijun and Gaoming are unforgettable to the audience. In the short review of "wrong in and wrong out", Xu Lixian creates a character who is greedy and cheap, and finally becomes the target of the audience's well intentioned ridicule, filling the weak link in her "acting" before.

Original "beautiful melody"

Born in a poor family, Xu Lixian was absent from school when she was a child, and her art team was controlled by the feudal leaders. The lack of culture has brought more difficulties to Xu Lixian's artistic road than ordinary people. But with her special sensitivity to art, Xu Lixian has made remarkable achievements in her career in the field of calligraphy. Taking "Li Diao" as an example, in the opening part of the Tanci "Baoyu night exploration", the song "tapping the copper ring jingle" describes Baoyu's visit to Daiyu tapping the door ring of Xiaoxiang hall in the quiet of night. Because of the love between Baoyu and Daiyu, the singing is soft and tactful. a sad and sentimental tender and romantic sentiments. However, when Xu Lixian used the same singing style in the song "glorious mother is really respectable" in the book drama "stars and moons", if she still sang sentimentally, it would not show the patriotic pride of the old mother who sent her son to join the army. After repeated deliberation, Xu Lixian changed her singing style to increase strength and speed up, so that the audience was deeply affected. It also gives the singing new vitality. When it comes to the lyric "I have a good relationship with brother Bao'an" in the middle part of the story "luohanqian", the ups and downs are added, which makes the lyric fully express the subtle and deep feelings of little moth. In the process of three times using the same aria, Xu Lixian repeatedly realized the feelings of the characters in the book and pondered over the singing method, so as to "sing more than one song" and show the different feelings of different characters. "Turning decay into magic" is the result of Xu Lixian's diligent thinking and exertion. Traditional opera actors generally do not use phrenic and parotid sounds, because phrenic and parotid sounds come out

Chinese PinYin : Xu Li Xian