Zhang Jun

Zhang Jun

Zhang Jun (1086 ~ August 12, 1154) was born in Chengji, Fengxiang prefecture (now Tianshui City, Gansu Province). In the early years of the Southern Song Dynasty, he, together with Yue Fei, Han Shizhong and Liu Guangshi, was known as the "four generals of Zhongxing",

Zhang Jun was an archer when he was 16 years old. He took part in fighting against Xixia and suppressing peasant uprisings in Shandong and Hebei during the period of Huizong of Song Dynasty. He once rescued Taiyuan with the seed division. Zhao Gou (song Gaozong), king of Kang, served as marshal of the army. After Gao Zong Zhao Gou ascended the throne, Zhang Jun was appointed as the former commander of the imperial camp. During the Miao Liu rebellion, he and Han Shizhong were restrained by Zhang Jun and pacified the incident. During the Shaoxing period, he suppressed the peasant uprising and rebellious General Li Cheng, and prevented the puppet Qi Liu Yu and the Jin army from invading the south. Together with Yue Fei and Han Shizhong, they are called the three major generals, and their headquarters are called zhangjiajun. Later, he asked for military power and was appointed the king of Qinghe Prefecture. He also contributed to the unjust imprisonment of Yue Fei.

Zhang Jun was greedy for money, wantonly annexing land and collecting 600000 yuan of rent annually. Gao Zong visited his home in person and received him with good courtesy. In 1154, Zhang Jun died at the age of 69. He was granted the title of King Xun, posthumous title "Zhonglie", ranking among the seven kings.

Life of the characters

Young people join the army

Zhang Jun was born in Chengji County of Fengxiang Prefecture in 1101, the first year of the founding of the Chinese people's Republic of China. At that time, he was 16 years old and served as a rural archer in Sanyang (now northwest Tianshui, Gansu). In the last years of Huizong of Song Dynasty, he took part in the suppression of the uprising army in Jingdong and Hebei. In the early years of Xuanhe (the sixth year of Zhenghe, 1116), Zhang Jun attacked renduoquan (now Southeast of Menyuan, Qinghai Province) in the Western Xia Dynasty with the army. At this time, he was awarded chengxinlang and became the lowest military officer.

cut a striking figure

In the first year of Jingkang (1126), the Jin soldiers encircled Yuci, and the commander of song army died. Zhang Jun led hundreds of troops to break through the encirclement, fought and retreated, and killed more than 500 pursuers. His fame was greatly shaken and he came to the fore. In the same year, he fought against Jin Bing in the county town of Dongming (now lankaobei, Henan Province), and rose to a martial arts doctor. In May, from Hebei and Hedong road to assist Taiyuan (today's Shanxi Taiyuan), which was besieged by the Jin army, Zhang Jun led hundreds of his troops to flee south. In December, when Zhao goujin, the Grand Marshal of the army and horse, arrived at Daming, Zhang Jun followed Liang Yangzu, the governor of Xinde (now Xingtai, Hebei Province), to lead 3000 troops and horses to Daming, and was appointed as the rear army of the Grand Marshal's Mansion (i.e. the central Army). In the first month of the second year of Jingkang (1127), he led his troops to suppress the uprising army Li Yu and Zhang Yu. After they were in Rencheng (now Jining, Shandong Province), they were promoted continuously, and their rank was promoted to Gongwei doctor.

Support the emperor and rule the country

In the second year of Jingkang (1127), the Jin soldiers conquered Bianjing and captured the two emperors Hui and Qin, and the Northern Song dynasty fell. Zhang Jun, with his keen political insight, firmly supported Zhao Gou: "the king, the emperor's brother, the people's heart, when the world is not in the right place, there is no reputation. From then on, Zhang Jun became a confidant of Zhaogou group under the control of Yuying front army. Zhang Jun galloped across the Yangtze and Huaihe rivers to pacify Huaining. The armed separatist forces in Zhenjiang, Hangzhou, Lanxi and Xiuzhou opened up a place for the Southern Song Dynasty to maneuver. In the autumn of the same year, Zhang Jun, based on his own analysis of the situation and strength, put forward the strategy of crossing the South: "today, the enemy's situation is square, so it's better to cross the south. It's not too late to train troops and politics, calm people's hearts, wait for the country's situation to set." Soon after, the Jin soldiers went south, and Zhao Gou arrived in Lin'an, forming a partial security pattern. After Emperor Gaozong of the Song Dynasty ascended the throne in 1127, Zhang Jun was under the control of the front army of the imperial camp. Since July of the same year, he led the Ministry to appease the rebels and the rebel army many times and became a senior military officer. In May 1128, the Xuming incident in Xiuzhou (now Jiaxing, Zhejiang Province) was suppressed and the Xuanshi was promoted. In March 1129, when Miao Fu and Liu Zhengyan mutinied, Zhang Junzheng stationed in Wujiang. After hearing the news, he immediately led 8000 members of the Ministry back to Pingjiang, and discussed the anti rebel affairs from the Minister of rites, Ma Zhangjun, and other soldiers. He was the first anti rebel army, and was promoted to the rank of Jiedushi after calming down the rebellion. In July, he was transferred to the right army.

The battle of Mingzhou

By the end of the third year of Jianyan (1129), in the famous battle of Mingzhou (now Ningbo, Zhejiang), Zhang Jun led his troops to fight to the death, killing thousands of enemies. The spirit of the Jin people was greatly frustrated, and they were deeply isolated, so they withdrew to the north and were surrounded by Han Shizhong in Huang tiandang (now northeast of Nanjing, Jiangsu). In October of the same year, Emperor Yanzong of the Jin army committed a crime in the south of Bibu, and Emperor Gaozong of the Song Dynasty fled from Hangzhou to Yuezhou (now Shaoxing, Zhejiang); in November, Emperor Gaozong of the Song Dynasty fled to Mingzhou, and Zhang Jun served as an envoy and retinue in Eastern Zhejiang. After Wan Yan zongbi occupied Hangzhou, he sent Xie Mao Ali and Wu Yan Pu Lu Hun to lead the Jin army to pursue. On the new year's eve of that year, the Jin army attacked Ximen from Gaoqiao Town. Zhang Jun's Department, Liu Bao, Yang Yizhong (i.e. Yang Cunzhong) and Tian Shizhong's Department fought against the Jin army. Liu Hongdao, the governor of the state, also led the state soldiers to assist in the battle. The Jin army was defeated, with thousands of casualties. On the second day of the first month of the fourth year of Jianyan (1130), the Jin army attacked Mingzhou again. Zhang Jun and Zhizhou "Liu Hongdao sat on the top of the city, sent troops to cover up the attack and killed the enemy. The enemy ran north and fell into the field or into the water. Jun urgently ordered the army to stop. At night, the enemy pulled out the stronghold and garrisoned Yuyao." Wanyan zongbi sent reinforcements to Yuyao to attack Mingzhou again. Zhang Jun resisted Gaoqiao and fled to Taizhou (now Zhejiang Province) Liu Hongdao and others also withdrew from Mingzhou, which was occupied by the Jin army. In the Southern Song Dynasty, Mingzhou's "small victory" was listed as the first of the "Thirteen meritorious battles", because "since the Jin army entered the Central Plains, the generals and generals were all looking forward to the wind, and there was no one who dared to resist", "Zhongxing's meritorious battles started from the first victory of Mingzhou", "so far, the military power of the (song) army was slightly expanded.".

Wipe out the bandits

In April of 1130, Zhang Jun was appointed as the governor of West Zhejiang and East Jiangsu to recruit the "bandits" in Jiangsu and Zhejiang areas. Except for Liu Guangshi and Han Shizhong, other generals became the most important generals at that time. In June, Emperor Gaozong changed the Yuqian army to Shenwu army, and Zhang Jun changed his post to Shenwu right army. He led Dingjiang and Zhaoqing as festival envoys. after the first year of Shaoxing (1131), Zhang Jun fought against Ma Jin and Li Cheng. Later, he successively served as Xuanfu envoys in the west of Zhejiang, Jiangdong and Huaixi.

Fighting Jinqi

In October of 1134, the Jin Dynasty arrived again, and Zhang Junli fought against the earthquake: "you can avoid it, but if you want to move forward, you can get rid of it." In 1135, Liu Lin of the puppet Qi Dynasty invaded and Zhang Jun and Yang Yizhong joined forces to resist the enemy in Sizhou. In December, the Shenwu army was changed to camp guard, and Zhang Jun's headquarters were changed to camp guard. Zhang Jun and Han Shizhong were the two most important armies in the Southern Song Dynasty, and they were compared to the left and right hands by Gaozong. In October of the sixth year of Shaoxing (1136), the puppet Qi army launched 300000 troops to invade the Song Dynasty. Under the control of Zhang Jun, Yang Yi's army and Liu Ni's army, the main force of the puppet Qi army, fought fiercely in otang (now Southeast of Dingyuan, Anhui Province), and the puppet Qi army was defeated. The main force in the war between Zhang and the puppet army was Zhang's army. After the battle, Zhang Jun led the officers of the three towns of Taozhen, Chongxin and Fengning. In the following years, Zhang Jun and Han Shizhong were separated to defend the river, which made the Jin people dare not see the river and cross it, and won precious time for the Southern Song Dynasty to recuperate. In the seventh year of Shaoxing (1137), Li Qiong led 40000 people to rebel against the puppet Qi. The following year, the main force of Liu Guangshi's department and the left guard all controlled the 20000 people in Wang De's Department, belonging to Zhang Jun, Xuanfu envoy of Huaixi. In the eighth year of Shaoxing (1138), the song and Jin negotiated peace for the first time, and the former puppet Qi jurisdiction was assigned to the Southern Song Dynasty. The Southern Song Dynasty became a metal state, with Zhang Junjia, Shaofu and Anmin Jingnan meritorious officials. In the following year, Jin destroyed Yunan criminal, and Zhang Jun served as an envoy of Henan and Hebei. Zongbi, the main force of the Jin army, besieged Shunchang mansion and was defeated. Zhang Junjun also crossed Huaibei and occupied Bozhou (now Boxian County, Anhui Province). Prime Minister Qin Hui ordered the generals to retreat in order to beg for peace, and Zhang Jun first returned to Huainan. In the 10th year of Shaoxing (1140), the Jin soldiers committed another crime. Yue Fei, Liu Kai, Han Shizhong and Zhang Jun fought bravely and defeated the Jin soldiers. However, Zhao Gou ordered his troops to retreat from the south of the Yangtze River, which resulted in the loss and gain of the territory.

The battle of zhegao

In the spring of 1141, in order to force the Southern Song Dynasty to yield, Jin sent troops to commit crimes in the south. Liu Kai and Yang Yi helped Huaixi. Liu Kai first went to zhegao (now the northwest of Chaohu in Anhui Province) and lined up. Yang Yizhong, Wang de and other troops arrived one after another to fight against 100000 Jin troops. Song army fought bravely and Jin army retreated. In February, Zhang Jun, the Xuanfu envoy of Huaixi, Yang Yizhong, the Xuanfu magistrate of Huaibei, and Liu Yi, the Xuanfu magistrate, defeated wuzhu (Wanyan zongbi) more than 100000 people in zhegao. Zhang Jun did not directly participate in the war, because Wang de was Zhang Jun's Department, so only Zhang Jun was listed, not Wang De.

With Hui Zhu He

In April of 1141, Emperor Gaozong promoted Zhang Jun and Han Shizhong as privy envoys and Yue Fei as deputy privy envoys. Zhang Jun knew that Gaozong and Qinhui wanted to take over the military power, so he first invited Xuanfu to take over the military power. Gaozong and Qinhui took advantage of the situation to take over the military power of Han Shizhong and Yuefei. Zhang Jun assisted Qin Hui in carrying out the policy of begging for peace, followed Qin Hui in making perjury, and led to Yue Fei's unjust imprisonment. In November of the 12th year of Shaoxing (1142), Zhang Jun was appointed the king of Qinghe Prefecture. Zhang Jun was greedy for money, wantonly annexing land and collecting 600000 yuan of rent annually. Gao Zong had visited his family in person, and the courtesy was superior to that of other generals. On July 2, 24 (August 12, 1154) in Shaoxing, Zhang Jun died at the age of 69. His posthumous title was "Zhonglie". Buried in Changcheng County, Huzhou prefecture (now Changxing County, Huzhou City, Zhejiang Province).

Character evaluation

Zhao Gou: first, if I am not a minister, I will advocate justice first,

Chinese PinYin : Zhang Jun4