Construction techniques of stilted building in Miao Village

The name of China's national intangible cultural heritage: Miao Village stilted building construction technology

Applicant: Leishan County, Guizhou Province

Item No.: 381

Project No.: VIII - 31

Time of publication: 2006 (the first batch)

Category: traditional art

Region: Guizhou Province

Type: new item

Applicant: Leishan County, Guizhou Province

Protection unit: Leishan County Intangible Cultural Heritage Protection Center

Brief introduction of Miao Village stilted building construction technology:

Applicant: Leishan County, Guizhou Province

Xijiang Qianhu Miao village is located at the foot of Leigong Mountain in the northeast of Leishan County, Guizhou Province, and in Xijiang town on the Bank of Baishui River. There are 4 administrative villages and 10 natural villages, including Baoping village, Dongyin village, Yangpai village and nangui village. The residential buildings here are of wooden structure, not one nail and one rivet. The frame of the house is connected by mortise and tenon, and is formed according to the mountain trend. The architectural style is unique, forming a unique Miao Village stilted building landscape.

The construction technique of the stilted building in Xijiang Miao village is far from the dry column building of "south people's nest" in Hemudu culture 7000 years ago, and it has been changed in combination with the requirements of the living environment in the historical evolution. According to the terrain and the needs of the owner, the builders of Xijiang determined the corresponding building plan. They used axes, chisels, saws, ink buckets and ink lines to build stilts on the steep slopes of 30 to 70 degrees. This kind of building is mainly made of wooden frame with bucket structure, which is named because of the hanging foot of the front eaves column. Diaojiaolou generally has three floors, four of three, five of four, six of five into a seat, scattered by the mountains, the second scale.

Stilted building has the advantages of simplicity, stability and moisture-proof, and can save arable land and building materials. The stilted building of Xijiang Miao village, together with the related construction customs, has formed the architectural culture of Miao stilted building, which has extremely precious value for the process of social civilization and the research of Architectural Science of Xijiang Miao people.

With the development of society and the change of people's living concept, the local young people in Xijiang are no longer willing to live in stilted buildings, and they are not interested in learning the relevant construction skills, so there is no successor for stilted building builders. The construction of stilted building has certain requirements for geology and timber, and the task of landslide prevention and fire prevention is heavy after completion. Therefore, the continuation of architectural art culture and physical protection of Xijiang Qianhu Miao Village stilted building are facing extremely severe challenges, which need the attention and support of relevant parties.

Chinese PinYin : Miao Zhai Diao Jiao Lou Ying Zao Ji Yi