No.5 farm, Caofeidian District, Tangshan City, Hebei Province

Five farms

855 farm is a state-owned farm in Heilongjiang Province. It is located in the northwest of Mishan City under Mudanjiang farm administration, and at the junction of Baoqing county and Qitaihe City. The surroundings are very good. The site is 30 kilometers away from Mishan city. 855 farm, formerly known as Jinsha farm, is named after Jinsha River.

Geography

855 farm Heilongjiang Province farm general administration system state farm, under Mudanjiang Farm Management Bureau. It is located in the northwest of Mishan City, at the junction of Baoqing county and Qitaihe City. The site is 30 kilometers away from Mishan city. 855 farm, formerly known as Jinsha farm, is named after Jinsha River. In October 1955, it was expanded on the basis of Boli sheep farm directly under the provincial government. In December 1956, it was under the jurisdiction of the Agricultural Reclamation Bureau of the railway corps. In April 1959, it was changed into 855 farm, which was subordinate to Mudanjiang Agricultural Reclamation Bureau. In January 1963, the No.1, No.3 and No.5 farms were set up as Beixing farm; the No.2, No.4 and experimental farms were still 855 farm. In June 1968, Heilongjiang production and Construction Corps was established as the 41st regiment of the fourth division. In February 1976, the production and Construction Corps was abolished and changed to Jinsha farm. In 1979, it was changed to 855 farm, which is subordinate to Mudanjiang farm Administration Bureau. 855 farm is located on both sides of Wandashan mountains, most of which are located in Jinsha River Basin on the south side of Wandashan. The total land area is 840000 mu, of which 320000 Mu is cultivated land, mainly for wheat and soybean. In 1992, the total grain output was 51600 tons. Industrial production is mainly coal mining. The total population is 15000. Jinsha Town, where the field department is located, has developed into a small town for agricultural reclamation. 855 farm is located in the hilly area of mountain dip hill in the eastern part of Wanda mountain. The terrain is the Piedmont platform of this area. It is surrounded by mountains with undulating terrain and crisscross hills and valleys. The change is complex. It is higher in the northwest and lower in the southeast. The highest elevation is 683.7 meters in laoheibei mountain and the lowest elevation is 120-130 meters. There are mountains such as Dalazi, laoheibei, qiliga, Laoyeling, Lushan, etc. The slope of cultivated land is gentle, generally about 3 degrees. The layout of agricultural production teams is mostly fan-shaped, and the cultivated land is concentrated on both sides of the hill and gully water line, which is convenient for mechanical operation.

land

Resource survey in 1983: the total land area is 841847 mu, classified according to the terrain: mountain area is 503527 mu, accounting for 59.8%, < br > hilly land is 247000 mu, accounting for 29.3%, low-lying land is 74243 mu, accounting for 8.8%, water area is 7049 mu, accounting for 0.8%, other < br > l0028 mu, accounting for 1.2%. In terms of the slope of cultivated land, 70-80% of the total area is less than 5%, 20-30% is 5-10%, < br > the slope length is 1000-2300m, and about 15000 Mu is cultivated along the slope. Due to the complex terrain change, serious cutting and splitting, unreasonable over slope cultivation, and destruction of natural vegetation, wind erosion and water erosion are caused. Some gullies have a width of 1-2 meters, a depth of 30-50 cm, and the surface soil is 1-2 cm, which is scoured up and silted down to form one barrier and two disasters, resulting in the decline of soil fertility and the impact of mechanical operation. Classification by use: cultivated land area 356543 mu, accounting for 42% of the total area, has been fully utilized. The forest land area is < br > 332605 mu, accounting for 39.5%, and 31731 Mu has been used, accounting for 9.5%. The arable land is 33081 mu, accounting for 3.9%. The pastoral area is < br > 27830 mu, accounting for 3.3%, and only 1500 mu is used. The low-lying marshland is 2238 mu, accounting for 0.3%. There are 46407 Mu barren mountains, accounting for 5.5%, < br > not yet used. Construction land is 23849 mu, accounting for 2.8%. Other areas are 12245 mu.

soil

The cultivated land is mostly distributed in Hilly and hilly areas, and the soil belongs to meadow albic soil, accounting for more than 80%, and swamp meadow soil accounts for about 12%, < br > the thickness of black soil layer is mostly 15-20cm, and the organic matter accounts for 3-4%. The soil is relatively viscous, with poor water permeability and low fertility, and the pH value is about 6 < br > right.
In 1981, the general survey area of land was 240642 mu, including 113195 mu of upland albic soil, accounting for 47% of the measured area, 4350 mu of flat albic soil, accounting for 47.5% of the measured area, and 13100 mu of meadow albic soil, accounting for 3.44% of the measured area.
4500 mu of soil organic matter > 10%, accounting for 1.87% of cultivated land; 8600 mu of soil organic matter with 8-10%, accounting for 3.5%; 110000 mu of soil organic matter with 3% and 4-8%, accounting for 47% respectively.

Natural vegetation

The vegetation in this field mainly includes forest vegetation, shrub meadow vegetation and swamp meadow vegetation: < br > forest vegetation is mainly distributed in mountainous areas, with oak and birch as the main hardwood species, and mixed with poplar, Tilia amurensis, Fraxinus mandshurica, Phellodendron amurense and Catalpa bungei, accounting for 10% of the total area.
Shrub meadow vegetation is mainly distributed in Hilly and hillside areas. After artificial cultivation, some of them have become industrial forests, and most of them are still hazel wood and weeds and thorns, accounting for about 10% of the total area.
Swamp meadow vegetation, mainly distributed in mountain valleys, rivers, waterline depressions, is a good source of honey, accounting for 5% of the total area.

river system

There are 5 small rivers in the site. The north is the upper and middle reaches of Naoli River system, the south is Jinsha River and xiaopeide River, the upper reaches of Muling River system, and gullies are densely distributed. However, the river course is curved and the riverbed is narrow, which often overflows in rainy season and intermittently stops in dry season. The total length is 954 km, the total drainage area is 760 km2, the total runoff is 125 million cubic meters, and the water area is < br > 7049 mu, accounting for 0.8% of the total area.
Two reservoirs have been built in the site, one is Jinxing reservoir, which has a capacity of 3.6 million cubic meters and irrigates 3000 mu of paddy fields; the other is Hongxing < br > reservoir, which has a capacity of 9.4 million cubic meters and a water surface of 4500-6000 mu, which can irrigate 7000 mu of paddy fields. There is a pumping station, which can irrigate 4000 mu of paddy fields and has raised 500000 fish.

natural resources

Most of the arable land in the area has been reclaimed, but there are still a lot of grassland and forestry resources to be developed and utilized. The volume of middle and mature forest timber is about 700000 cubic meters, and there is a broad field for afforestation. The initial measurement of coal reserves is more than 5 million tons, which is more than enough within 30 years. Wild mountain products are abundant. The annual export of mountain fern is more than 50000 Jin, and there are many edible fungus, mushroom, mountain grape, yellow flower and hazelnut. Schisandra chinensis, acanthopanax senticosus, Paeonia lactiflora, Lilium indicum, Dioscorea nipponica, Astragalus membranaceus, gentian, Saposhnikovia divaricata, < br > ginseng and Codonopsis pilosula were the most abundant wild medicinal materials. Wild animals include bear, fox, marmot, roe deer, wolf, pig, weasel, pheasant, etc.

climate

This field is a cold temperate continental monsoon climate with the characteristics of mountainous climate. The winter is long, cold and snowy, and the summer is short and hot. Due to the influence of the oceanic warm current, there are more convective rain and topographic rain. In autumn, the temperature changes rapidly and there is often frost. It is windy in spring < br > and prone to drought. The annual average rainfall is 553.4 mm, the annual maximum rainfall is 902.2 mm, and the minimum rainfall is 305.3 mm. Rainfall is mainly concentrated in July and August, accounting for 45.6% of the annual rainfall. Although the rainfall is abundant, < br > it is unevenly distributed. Shannan is the center of rainstorm. The maximum rainfall from June to August is 635.3 mm, and the minimum rainfall is 135.9 mm < br > m. The more years account for 19%, the less years account for 22%, and the daily maximum rainfall is 41.7 mm, with continuous rainfall up to 12 < br > days. The annual average evaporation is l269.1 mm and that from April to September is 1014.8 mm, so the evaporation is greater than the rainfall. When the temperature is stable < br > above 10 ℃, the accumulated temperature is 2375.9 ℃, the maximum is 2678.2 ℃, and the minimum is 1901.0 ℃, which can meet the needs of crop growth. The average temperature over the years is 2.4 ℃, and the average temperature from January to march is below zero, and the maximum temperature is above 30 ℃ every year. The highest temperature is 36.9 ℃ and the lowest temperature is - 36.5 ℃. The lowest humidity is 0 ℃, and the earliest snow is September 10, and the latest is October < br > 10. The average wind speed over the years is 3.9 m / s, of which the average wind speed from January to May is 5.7 M / s, the wind direction is mostly from west to north, and the maximum wind speed in the northwest wind range can reach 9-10, the average wind speed from June to October is 3.1 m / s, the wind direction mostly appears in the East South West Wind < br > range, and the wind speed is 4.2 M / s from November to December, the wind direction mostly appears in the north east west wind range, and the wind direction is the most stable Strong wind can reach 8-9. The maximum number of days with a wind speed of 8 m / S is 139 days and the minimum is 77 days.
The average sunshine hours over the years are 2525.4 days, and the average sunshine hours are 1.5 hours,

Chinese PinYin : He Bei Sheng Tang Shan Shi Cao Fei Dian Qu Wu Nong Chang