855 farm, Mishan City, Jixi City, Heilongjiang Province

855 farm

855 farm is a state-owned farm in Heilongjiang Province, which is under Mudanjiang Farm Management Bureau. It is located in the northwest of Mishan City, at the junction of Baoqing county and Qitaihe City. The site is 30 kilometers away from Mishan city. 855 farm, formerly known as Jinsha farm, is named after Jinsha River.

Place introduction

establish

In October 1955, it was expanded on the basis of Boli sheep farm directly under the provincial government. In December 1956, it was under the jurisdiction of the Agricultural Reclamation Bureau of the railway corps. In April 1959, it was changed into 855 farm, which is under the management of Mudanjiang Agricultural Reclamation Bureau. In January 1963, the No.1, No.3 and No.5 farms were set up as Beixing farm; the No.2, No.4 and experimental farms were still 855 farm. In June 1968, the Heilongjiang production and Construction Corps of the Shenyang Military Region of the Chinese people's Liberation Army was established as the 41st regiment of the fourth division. In February 1976, the production and Construction Corps was abolished and changed to "Jinsha farm". In 1979, it was changed to "855 farm". It is a state farm of Heilongjiang agricultural reclamation system and is subordinate to Mudanjiang farm Administration Bureau. Bayebai farm is located in the hilly area of mountain area in the east of Wanda mountain. The terrain is the Piedmont platform in this area. It is surrounded by mountains with undulating terrain, crisscross hills and valleys, and complex changes. It is higher in the northwest and lower in the southeast. The highest altitude is 683.7 meters in laoheibei mountain, and the lowest is 120-130 meters. There are mountains such as Dalazi, laoheibei, qiliga, Laoyeling, Lushan, etc. The slope of cultivated land is gentle, generally about 3 degrees. The layout of agricultural production teams is mostly fan-shaped, and the cultivated land is concentrated on both sides of the hill and gully water line, which is convenient for mechanical operation. the farm is 40 km long from north to South and 39.5 km wide from east to west, with a total area of 514.43 square kilometers. The existing land area is 804000 mu, including 450000 mu of cultivated land and 320000 mu of forest land. The farm has 6 management areas, 24 grass-roots operation stations and 17 enterprises and institutions. The total population was 12723 (2010). It is a medium-sized state-owned farm with comprehensive development of agriculture, forestry, animal husbandry, sideline fishery and eco-tourism. In 2011, the gross national product was about 450 million yuan. The per capita GDP is about 32142 yuan. In 2013, the farm grain production achieved "ten consecutive increases".

Land and soil

The total land area is 772000 mu, including 320000 mu of cultivated land, 438220 mu of forest land and 13680 mu of water surface. The cultivated land in the site area is mostly in Hilly and hilly areas. The meadow Albic Soil accounts for more than 80% of the soil layer, and the swamp meadow soil accounts for about 12%. The black soil layer is mostly 15-20 cm thick. The soil is sticky, with poor water permeability and low fertility. The pH value is about 6. The proportion of organic matter > 10% accounted for 1.87% of the cultivated land, the proportion of organic matter in 8-10% accounted for 3.5%, and the proportion of organic matter in 3% and 4-8% accounted for 47% respectively.

river system

There are 5 small rivers in the site. The north is the upper and middle reaches of Naoli River system, the south is the upper reaches of Jinsha River and xiaopeide river of Muling River system, and there are many gullies. However, the river course is curved and the riverbed is narrow. In general, it often overflows in rainy season, and intermittently stops in dry season. The total length is 954 km, the total drainage area is 760 km2, the total runoff is 125 million cubic meters, and the water area is 7049 mu, accounting for 0.8% of the total area. Several reservoirs have been built in the site, one is Jinxing reservoir, which has a capacity of 3.6 million cubic meters and irrigates 3000 mu of paddy fields; the other is Hongxing reservoir, which has a capacity of 9.4 million cubic meters and a water surface of 4500-6000 mu, which can irrigate 7000 mu of paddy fields. There is a pumping station, which can irrigate 4000 mu of paddy fields and has raised 500000 fish. There are Yuhong, Jinsha, Qingyi and Xinxihe reservoirs.

natural resources

Most of the arable land in the area has been reclaimed, but there are still a lot of grassland and forestry resources to be developed and utilized. The volume of middle-aged and mature forest timber is about 700000 cubic meters, and there is a broad field for afforestation. The initial coal reserves are more than 5 million tons, more than self-sufficiency within 30 years. Wild mountain products are abundant. The annual export of mountain fern is more than 50000 Jin. There are many edible fungus, mushroom, mountain grape, yellow flower and hazelnut. Schisandra chinensis, acanthopanax senticosus, Paeonia lactiflora, Lilium indicum, Dioscorea nipponica, Astragalus membranaceus, gentian, Saposhnikovia divaricata, ginseng and Codonopsis pilosula were the most abundant wild medicinal materials. Wild animals include bear, fox, marmot, roe deer, wolf, pig, weasel, pheasant, etc.

climate

This field belongs to the continental monsoon climate of cold temperate zone, with the characteristics of mountainous climate. The winter is long, cold and snowy, and the summer is short and hot. Due to the influence of marine warm current, there are more convective rain and topographic rain. In autumn, the temperature changes rapidly and there is often frost. it is windy and prone to drought in spring, and the climate changes greatly in four seasons. The annual average rainfall is 553.4 mm, the maximum rainfall is 902.2 mm, and the minimum rainfall is 305.3 mm. The rainfall is mainly concentrated in July and August, accounting for 45.6% of the annual rainfall. Although the rainfall is abundant, it is unevenly distributed. Shannan is the center of rainstorm. From June to August, the maximum rainfall is 635.3 mm, and the minimum rainfall is 135.9 mm. The year with more rainfall accounts for 19%, and the year with less rainfall accounts for 22%. The maximum rainfall in a day is 41.7 mm, and the continuous rainfall is up to 12 days. The annual average evaporation is l269.1 mm and that from April to September is 1014.8 mm, so the evaporation is greater than the rainfall. When the temperature is stable above 10 ℃, the accumulated temperature is 2375.9 ℃, the maximum is 2678.2 ℃, the minimum is 1901.0 ℃, which can meet the needs of crop growth. The average temperature over the years is 2.4 ℃, and the average temperature from January to march is below zero, and the maximum temperature is above 30 ℃ every year. The extreme maximum temperature is 36.9 ℃, and the extreme minimum temperature is - 36.5 ℃. The lowest humidity is 0 ℃, the first snow is September 10 at the earliest, and October 10 at the latest. the average wind speed over the years is 3.9 m / s, of which the average wind speed from January to May is 5.7 M / s, the wind direction is mostly from west to north, the maximum wind speed within the range of northwest wind can reach 9-10, the average wind speed from June to October is 3.1 m / s, the wind direction mostly appears in the range of east south west wind, and the wind speed from November to December is 4.2 M / s, the wind direction mostly appears in the range of northeast West, the maximum wind speed can reach 8-9. The maximum number of days with a wind speed of 8 m / S is 139 days and the minimum is 77 days. the average sunshine hours over the years are 2525.4 days and 1118.9 hours from May to September, with the maximum of 1296.3 hours in the year and the minimum of 861.3 hours in the year. The average frost free period over the years is 124 days, the longest is 145 days, and the shortest is 109 days. The average autumn frost is on September 21, the earliest is September 7, and the latest is September 10, which is about seven days earlier than Mishan town. The microclimate autumn frost in some mountainous areas appears at the end of August. The average time of spring frost is on May 18, the earliest is on May 4, and the latest is on June 1. Because of the complex terrain, there are great differences in different areas. The climate of the whole field is generally nine droughts in ten spring, four droughts in ten autumn, three floods, one low temperature and early frost in three or five years, accompanied by ice, hail, disease and insect disasters.

region

Located in the northwest of Mishan Hulin railway line in the east of Mudanjiang, Heilongjiang Province, Bayue farm is within the administrative divisions of Mishan County, Baoqing county and Qitaihe City. It is adjacent to Bayue farm in the southeast, Fuyuan, Peide, Xincun commune (township) and Erlongshan forest farm in Mishan County, Hongshan Forest farm in Qitaihe City in the West and Beixing farm in Hongxinglong Administration Bureau in the north Naoli River is just a river away from "May 7th" township of Baoqing county. The farm is 40 km long from north to South and 39.5 km wide from east to west, with a total land area of 841000 mu. The traffic is still convenient. The site is 32 km away from the railway, and the Boli Mishan highway crosses the site. There are 34 residential areas, 26 in Mishan County, 7 in Baoqing county and 1 in Qitaihe City. The geographical coordinates of the site are from L31 ° 8 ′ e to L31 ° 50 ′ N and 45 ° 38 ′ to 46 ° 00 ′ n. There are many hills and hills in this farm. The terrain in the northwest is higher than that in the southeast. One third of the agricultural production companies are in the mountainous area. The forest resources are rich. Since the establishment of the farm, although the farm boundary has been investigated and designed by the Provincial Department of agricultural administration and the Design Institute of Northeast General Bureau of Agricultural Reclamation for several times, and reported to the file, it has not been approved due to system changes, ten years of turmoil, personnel changes and other reasons. The existing field boundary is based on the agreement signed by the neighboring units and the scope determined by the provincial (80) No. 113 document, and the actual area is calculated on this basis.

evolution

Although there are many hills and hills in the field, there is no lack of water, which is suitable for cultivation. Around 1915, some rich families (big joint families) in Liaoning Province moved here to hire people for farming. "Li Da Lian Hu" is in Daba mountain area, "Liu Da Lian Hu" is in Fuyuan area, "Zhao Da Lian Hu" is near Naizi mountain, "Fu Da Lian Hu" is around wangba neck mountain, "Zhao Yu Tian Hu" is in the scope of present youth reservoir. Later, due to inconvenient transportation, rampant banditry, food prices plummeted and other reasons, they left around 1919. In 1938, more than 400 families of the Japanese immigrant "development group" came here to open up wasteland and cultivate land. North wudaogang was a mountain shaped development group, headed by Yoshiro kumagawa. South wudaogang was a Nagano development group, headed by Hirakawa. It was withdrawn after the restoration of "8.15" in l945. In 1949, the 45th and 46th regiments of the 8th artillery division of the northeast of the Chinese people's Liberation Army expanded their cultivated land to more than 400 acres to grow soybeans on the basis of the abandoned land of the development regiment. After they went to Korea in the autumn of L950, they were transferred from the North Korea to the North Korea

Chinese PinYin : Hei Long Jiang Sheng Ji Xi Shi Mi Shan Shi Ba Wu Wu Nong Chang