Guma Town, Pishan County, Hotan Prefecture, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region

Guma town

Guma Town, a town under the jurisdiction of Pishan County, Hotan Prefecture, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, is located in the north of Pishan County, adjacent to mukuila Township in the East, pixina Township in the south, Yecheng County in the West and keketireke Township in the north, with a total administrative area of 194.33 square kilometers.

In the Qianlong period of the Qing Dynasty, the 2018 military registered residence of the Mar force was from 1986 to the end of the year. At the end of the year, the total population of the district was 33567. Up to October 2019, 2 towns and 21 administrative villages were under the jurisdiction of the town.

In 2011, the total financial revenue of Guma town was 591000 yuan, including 166000 yuan of local financial revenue and 3162 yuan of per capita net income of farmers.

History of construction

During the reign of Qianlong in the Qing Dynasty, the Guya military platform was set up from Yeerqiang to Hetian.

In the 25th year of the Republic of China (1936), it was called upper bazaar, including the present Guma town and mukuila township.

In March 1950, the upper bazaar district was divided into two districts, called one district.

In 1957, it was called Pishan town.

In 1958, Dawning commune was established.

In 1959, it was renamed Hongguang commune.

In 1978, it was renamed nyingda commune.

In October 1984, nyingda commune was changed into nyingda township.

In October 1985, nixiangda township was abolished and merged into Pishan town.

In 1986, it was renamed Guma town.

administrative division

As of October 2019, Guma town has jurisdiction over 2 communities and 21 administrative villages: gulebag community and danijige community; nixiangda village, astikosh village, Sanggar village, keshlak aledi village, tugmanbeixi village, yapuqiang village, yingbaza village, setirik village, caiqimaili village, Sagan village, bostantograk village, Bostan airik village and gulebag village Village, areya village, tumu aledi village, otulakashi village, yinako village, gulekazima village, yitipac village, kunabaza village, keqikeya village.

geographical environment

Location context

Located in the north of Pishan County, Guma town is adjacent to mukuila Township in the East, pixina Township in the south, Yecheng County in the West and keketireke Township in the north; the people's government is stationed in South Guma road; the maximum distance between East and West is 15 km, and the maximum distance between North and south is 40 km, with a total administrative area of 194.33 square kilometers.

topographic features

Guma town is located in the southern edge of Taklimakan Desert, the terrain tilts from south to north, with an average altitude of 1100 meters.

climate

The climate of Guma town belongs to warm temperate continental climate, which is characterized by abundant light, less rainfall, long sunshine, strong wind and frequent spring drought; the annual average temperature is 12.5 ℃, the average temperature in January is - 5.0 ℃, the extreme minimum temperature is - 22.9 ℃ (January 7, 2006); the average temperature in July is 25.3 ℃, the extreme maximum temperature is 41.6 ℃ (July 19, 1997); the annual average frost free period is 217 days, and the annual average sunshine duration is 24 hours 3 hours, annual total radiation 138 kcal / cm2, duration above 0 ℃ 253 days (average from March 7 to November 15), annual average precipitation 57.0 mm, annual average precipitation days 16.6 days, up to 34 days (2010), extreme annual maximum rainfall 151.4 mm (2010), extreme annual minimum rainfall 13.9 mm (1985), precipitation concentrated in May to September, June the most Many.

population

In 2010, there were 28163 permanent residents in Guma Town, 7161 under 14 years old, accounting for 25.43%; 18857 between 15 and 60 years old, accounting for 66.95%; 2145 over 60 years old, accounting for 7.62%; among the total population, there were 27202 Uyghur people, accounting for 99.4%; there were 160 Han, Tajik and Tu people, accounting for 0.6%.

At the end of 2011, the total population of 27362 registered residence in the town of Gu Ma was 376, with a population of 5309, with a urbanization rate of 19.4%. The total population of men was 13853, accounting for 50.62%; 13509 of the female population, accounting for 49.38%; the birth rate was 23.76 per thousand, the death rate was 5.71 per thousand, and the natural growth rate of population was 23.76%.

By the end of 2018, the total number of registered residence households was 33567.

Economics

overview

In 2011, the total financial revenue of Guya town was 591000 yuan, an increase of 13.6% over the previous year, of which the local financial revenue was 166000 yuan, an increase of 12% over the previous year, and the per capita net income of farmers was 3162 yuan.

primary industry

The cultivated land area of Guma town is 22575 mu, with 0.8 mu per capita, and the main food crops are wheat and corn. In 2011, the cultivated area of grain is 24075 mu, producing 11000 tons of grain. The main economic crops are vegetable greenhouses, with a planting area of 861 mu, and the main varieties are tomato, pepper, eggplant, cowpea, cucumber, fennel, leek, piyazi, garlic, yam, carrot and leafy vegetables.

In 2011, there were 18470 mu of high-quality forest and fruit in Guma Town, with 10630 mu of red willow planted and 7840 mu of Dayun inoculated, and the forest coverage rate was 78.5%.

Animal husbandry in Guma town mainly raised cattle, sheep, donkeys and poultry; in 2011, 38844 livestock were on hand at the end of the year; poultry were mainly chickens, ducks, geese, pigeons and rabbits, with a total number of 32399.

the secondary industry

The industry of Guma town is mainly hand-made carpet, with the total industrial output value reaching 378000 yuan in 2011; there are 2 carpet enterprises with 19 employees, with a total weaving area of 227 square meters, with an output value of more than 300000 yuan, realizing an industrial added value of 47000 yuan, an increase of 17.6% over the previous year.

the service sector; the tertiary industry

At the end of 2011, there were 2 commercial outlets and 1340 individual businesses in Guma town; the total sales of social goods reached 2.296 million yuan, an increase of 15.6% over the previous year; there was 1 urban and rural fair market, with an annual turnover of 2 million yuan, an increase of 17% over the previous year.

At the end of 2011, there was one post office and 15 delivery points in Guma Town, with a one-way length of 89 km, a rural postal rate of 93%, and a total of 92000 domestic letters delivered throughout the year; 6000 newspapers and periodicals were ordered, with a total postal business of 75000 yuan; there were 5 telecommunication service outlets, with a penetration rate of 60% for telephone users, 85% for mobile phones, and 8% for Internet users.

social undertakings

education

By the end of 2011, there were 4 bilingual kindergartens with 530 children and 16 preschool teachers in Guma town; 5 primary schools with 1830 students and 120 teachers, including 118 full-time teachers, with the enrollment rate of primary school-age children reaching 98.9%; 1 middle school with 409 students, 82 teaching staff and 68 full-time teachers; the enrollment rate of middle school-age population, the enrollment rate of primary school and primary school, and the coverage rate of nine-year compulsory education 6%, 100% and 98.7% respectively.

Science and technology

By the end of 2011, there were 1 forestry station, 1 agricultural technology station, 1 animal husbandry station and 1 science popularization and benefit agriculture service station in Guma Town, with 155 professional and technical talents.

Cultural undertakings

By the end of 2011, there were 1 cultural station, 16 village level cultural activity centers, 16 rural libraries, and 24640 books in Guma town; 1 radio and television station, 16 Village Radio rooms, and 142 loudspeakers, with a sound rate of 97%, a comprehensive radio coverage rate of 97%, and 1080 hours of broadcasting time of public radio programs throughout the year; 4240 satellite TV users, and a comprehensive TV coverage rate of 92%.

Sports

By the end of 2011, there were 6 school stadiums and 9 coaches in Guma town; 80% of the villages had installed fitness equipment, and 13.6% of the permanent residents often participated in sports activities.

medical and health work

By the end of 2011, there was a medical and health institution in Guma Town, with 60 beds and a total fixed asset value of 500000 yuan; there were 11 licensed doctors and 18 professional nurses; in 2011, the number of patients completed treatment was 10300, and the number of inpatients was 2210.

social security

In 2011, the participation rate of the new rural cooperative medical system in Guma town reached 100%; there were 829 urban minimum living security households with 1335 people, and the annual expenditure was 3.7921 million yuan, an increase of 1.3% over the previous year; the monthly per capita was 237 yuan, an increase of 18% over the previous year; 173 people received urban medical assistance, and 1966 people received Civil Affairs Department assistance, with a total expenditure of 59000 yuan, an increase of 0.05% over the previous year; there were no urban residents 26 people received assistance, with an expenditure of 31000 yuan, an increase of 17% over the previous year; 1495 households received minimum living security, with an expenditure of 3110 people, with an annual expenditure of 3892700 yuan, an increase of 0.002% over the previous year; 104.3 yuan per capita per month, an increase of 25% over the previous year; 219 people were provided with five guarantees in rural areas, with an expenditure of 104000 yuan, an increase of 0.012% over the previous year; 1439 people received medical assistance in rural areas, and the Civil Affairs Department subsidized them to participate in cooperative medical care The total expenditure was 59000 yuan, an increase of 0.03% over the previous year; the total expenditure for 1363 rural temporary relief was 9700 yuan, an increase of 0.2% over the previous year. 170 people were affected by natural disasters, 275 mu of crops were affected, 4 houses collapsed, and the direct economic loss was 28000 yuan. The state subsidized and subsidized 8 people, and resettled 2 conscripts and sergeants.

two hundred and one

Chinese PinYin : Xin Jiang Wei Wu Er Zi Zhi Qu He Tian Di Qu Pi Shan Xian Gu Ma Zhen