Yangbajing Town, Dangxiong County, Lhasa City, Tibet Autonomous Region

Yangbajing

Yangbajing, or Yangbajing Town, is located in Dangxiong County, 91.8 kilometers northwest of Lhasa City, Tibet. The terrain of the Hotan is flat, with an altitude of 4300 meters. The mountains on both sides of the Hotan are 5500-6000 meters above sea level. Modern glaciers are developed on the peaks. The zangbuqu river flows through the Hotan. The annual average temperature of the river is 5 ℃, the local annual average temperature is 2.5 ℃, and the annual average atmospheric pressure is 0.06 trillion. The local economy is dominated by animal husbandry and a small amount of agriculture. Qinghai Tibet highway and China Nepal highway pass through the East and north of Hotan respectively, and the traffic is still convenient.

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Geography

Yangbajing town is located in Yangbajing basin, which is more than 90 kilometers away from Lhasa. It is famous for its geothermal resources.

details

Yangbajing basin is a long and narrow fault basin in the southern margin of nyainqingtanggula mountain, extending from NE to SW, with a length of about 90 km, a width of 1-10 km and an area of about 450 km. The mountain peaks on the north and south sides of the basin range from 5500 m to 6000 m above sea level. Modern glaciers are developed on the top of the mountain, and ancient glacial relics are widely distributed in the valley and piedmont zone.

The basin is flat with an altitude of about 4300 meters. Its northwest margin is the southern margin fault of Nyainqentanglha mountain, and its southeast margin is the piedmont fault of Tanggula Mountain. Both of them are sinistral translational "normal faults" and strike ne, which are the heat controlling faults to break through the deep heat source. In the later stage, the NW trending faults intersected with the former, and the intersection became a good channel for upward accumulation of heat flow.

Geothermal resources

Geothermal display is very rich in the hot field. The hydrothermal activity is very strong in the hot field basin. There are various kinds of geothermal display and large scale, including hot springs, hot springs, boiling springs, fountain holes, hot earth, hydrothermal explosion holes, intermittent jet wells, hot water pools, hot water swamps, etc. The northern part of the geothermal field is higher and the groundwater is deeply buried. In the early stage, the hydrothermal features were spring bloom accumulation, while in the modern stage, they are mainly ground heat release, air entrainment and strong steam water thermal alteration; in the south, the terrain is low and flat, the groundwater level is high, and the early hydrothermal features include spring bloom, hydrothermal explosion, spring, lake, swamp, exothermic surface and salt bloom. There is also lead well blowout.

Geothermal development

In the past, it was just a green pasture, where hot water bubbled from the ground and steam was steaming day and night. Since 1974, the state has taken the development of Yangbajing as a key scientific and technological project, and successively allocated more than 200 million yuan of funds. Through the hard work of Tibetan and Han engineering and technical personnel, the rich geothermal resources have been developed and utilized. In 1975, the Third Geological Brigade of Tibet drilled the first wet steam well in Yangbajing with core drilling. In the second year, the first megawatt geothermal power generation unit on the mainland of China successfully generated power here, creating a world leader in power generation from medium temperature and shallow thermal reservoir resources, and entering the industrial power generation stage.

On December 4, 1977, a water thermal explosion pit was artificially induced. At that time, the water thermal explosion and stone throwing reached more than 50 meters. The explosion pit is nearly circular, 14 meters in diameter and 10 meters deep. It is now a hot water pit. In the east of the hotfield, there is a hot water lake with an area of 7350 square meters and a maximum water depth of 16 meters. The water of the lake is rippling, and the surface of the lake is steaming hot, like a curl of smoke. Tourists are surrounded by it like they are in a fairyland. In the middle of winter, when the temperature is lower than minus 20 degrees, the hot water is kept at 30-40 degrees Celsius. People can go to the lake for bathing and swimming, and enjoy the fun of nature. In the north of the geothermal field, there is the first wet steam geothermal power station in the mainland of China. In the north of the geothermal field, there is a famous sulfur deposit in Tibet, which is enriched in ancient glacial deposits and ice water sands. The magmatic body around the sulfur deposit is considered to be the heat source of Yangbajing Geothermal field.

Yangbajingdi thermal power plant, located in the depth of Yangjing grassland in northern Tibet, is the largest geothermal test base in China at present, and also the only power plant in the world that uses medium temperature and shallow thermal storage resources for industrial power generation.

Yangbajing basin, 4300 meters above sea level, now has a new geothermal City, and geothermal development and utilization is developing in a comprehensive direction. Over the past 10 years, vegetable bases, livestock products, borax processing plants and other enterprises have been built here. The power plant has eight 3000 kW units with a total installed capacity of 25000 kW. It generates 1.2 billion kilowatt hours of electricity for Tibet, accounting for 45% of Lhasa's power grid.

On the basis of Yangbajing Geothermal, a cheap and good geothermal hot spring has been developed. This hot spring does not contain sulfur and has a high temperature.

City appearance

In Yangbajing basin, 4300 meters above sea level, a new geothermal city has sprung up, and geothermal development and utilization are developing in a comprehensive direction. Over the past 10 years, vegetable bases, livestock products, borax processing plants and other enterprises have been built here. The power plant has eight 3000 kW units with a total installed capacity of 25000 kW. It generates 1.2 billion kilowatt hours of electricity for Tibet, accounting for 45% of Lhasa's power grid. Yangbajing Geothermal Development test area is rich in heat reserves, ranking first in domestic geothermal fields and 14th in international geothermal fields. Geothermal power generation and Geothermal Greenhouse have been successful.

With the continuous development of heat energy and the accumulation of economic benefits, the face of Yangbajing is changing with each passing day. In the past, a lively market gradually formed in the wilderness. Shops, restaurants and entertainment places were built on both sides of the spacious road. White steam was constantly emitting in the tall factory buildings day and night. The tall and neat power transmission lines drew a wonderful curve on the grassland. The modern style staff dormitory and school echoed the traditional houses and tents of herdsmen.

tourism

Yangpachen Monastery

There is Yangbajing temple in the west of Yangbajing basin. The full name of Tibetan is "Tudeng Yangbajing", which means "Guangyan city of Buddhism". Yangbajing temple is the main temple of the red hat system of gamagaju Buddhism in Tibet.

Gamagaju is one of the four branches of tabugaju. Its founder is songqinba (1110-1193), a disciple of tabraj (1079-1153). Gama Gaju is further divided into two branches: one is the black hat system, which is named after gamabaxi (1204-1283) who was awarded the black hat of Phnom Penh by the emperor Xianzong of Yuan Dynasty; the other is the red hat system, which is derived from the black hat system, because his first living Buddha Zaba Seng Ge was given a red hat by the royal family of Yuan Dynasty. It is commonly known as "red hat school" and "shamaerba" in Chinese. Zaba sengge (1283-1349) was a disciple of the third living Buddha of the black hat sect, Jean Qiong Dorje. In addition to Gaju, he also studied the teaching methods of Kadang (founded by zhongdunba jiawajinai), Jue Nang (founded by Yumo mijuedojie) and other sects. In 1333, nailang temple was established. Before the establishment of Yangbajing temple, nailang temple had always been the main temple of the red hat sect. Red hat was passed down to ten generations and lasted for 400 years. The second living Buddha was named kajuewangbo (1350-1405), with daznanjialing temple and gamamo temple. He was a learned and knowledgeable monk. The third living Buddha was named quebeiyixi (1406-1452), which was granted the title by the emperor of Ming Dynasty, as well as Buddha statues, magic weapons and other items.

Yangbajing temple was built in 1490 by quezayixi, the fourth living Buddha of the red hat system, and stopped reincarnation in 1791. There are a lot of cultural relics in the temple. Thanks to the support of local forces of renbengba dunyueduojie and local regime of zangbahan, the assets of the temple are also very considerable. According to the results of the Qing minister's check in 1791, there are 1135 houses in Yangbajing Temple (including 778 buildings and 357 monk houses), 103 permanent monks and 9 manors. In addition, only the red hat of Yangbajing temple is a living Buddha's private collection of monk's clothes, curtains, gold and silver, copper and iron utensils and women's jewelry worth more than 2000 gold. Among them, there is also a gold-plated bronze seal of "guanding national master", which is a "thing of the yuan and Ming Dynasties" and is said to have been "sent to Beijing for destruction". After this inspection, the property of Yangbajing temple was confiscated, and the temple was given the management of living Buddha linjilong Hutuktu, who had made great contributions to calming Gurkha. The monks were converted to Gelug Sect, and the temple was able to survive.

Hot Spring Bath

Going to Yangbajing is not to see the scenery. It's mainly to experience the hot spring bath in high altitude areas and wash away the dust and fatigue of Tibet tourism. The hot spring is divided into indoor swimming pool, outdoor swimming pool and indoor small hot spring pool. The cost ranges from 40 to 100 yuan. The plateau hot spring should not be too tired and the time should not be too long.

Tibet is located on the plateau, with the largest number of hot springs in China. Yangbajing has large-scale fountains and geysers, hot springs, hot springs, boiling springs, hot water lakes, etc. Yangbajing also has the highest hot spring in China, as well as rare explosion spring and intermittent hot spring, with a total area of more than 7000 square meters. The mineral content of hot spring is high. Soaking and bathing can treat many diseases.

The Yangbajing steam field is surrounded by snow capped mountains. This perfect combination constitutes a fascinating natural wonder on the roof of the world. Therefore, Yangbajing Geothermal has become an important tourist attraction.

The most beautiful time of Yangbajing is every morning. Because the air is still cold, the area around Yangbajing Geothermal field is always filled with white fog. The huge steam produced by the geothermal field rises from the lake, like a fairyland on earth. If you are lucky, you can see the scene of the boiling hot spring soaring from the spring eye to the sky, which is very magnificent and beautiful. The hot spring water here contains a lot of hydrogen sulfide, which is harmful to many kinds of chronic diseases

Chinese PinYin : Xi Cang Zi Zhi Qu La Sa Shi Dang Xiong Xian Yang Ba Jing Zhen