Guandou Miao Township, Gong county, Yibin City, Sichuan Province

Guandou Miao Village

Guandou Miao township is located in the southernmost part of Gongxian County, 97 kilometers away from the county, covering an area of 20.43 square kilometers. Guandou Miao Township, formerly known as zhongxingchang, belonged to Jiyi Township in the late Qing Dynasty and the early Republic of China. In the ninth year of the Republic of China, it belonged to the eighth district. In 1925, it established the Zhongxing Township joint guarantee, which had jurisdiction over four guarantees. On March 17, 1991, the people's Government of Guandou Miao township was established.

brief introduction

Guandou Miao Village

Located in the south of Gongxian County, it belongs to the low and middle mountain area around the southern edge of Sichuan Basin and the tail of Wumeng mountains. It is located between 28 ° 30 ″ N and 104 ° 57 ′ 40 ″ E. The township is between 600 meters and 1300 meters above sea level, covering an area of 20.43 square kilometers, 7.5 kilometers wide from east to west, and 5 kilometers long from north to south. It is adjacent to Luohai town and caoying Town, across the river from Shibei Town, and Luobu Township, Weixin County, Zhaotong City, Yunnan Province. One farm (Zhongxing farm) spans two provinces, with border trade characteristics. There are less farmland and more dry land in the township. The soil is mainly weak acid loess and sandy soil, and there are many limestone. The typical karst landform is that Fushui in the upper reaches of Dengjia river or Nanguang River bypasses the border. The average annual temperature is 17. It belongs to subtropical humid monsoon climate zone. The average annual rainfall is 1033.6 mm, the annual frost free period is 304 days, and the forest coverage rate is about 50%. The township has 4 villagers' committees and 30 villagers' groups. At the end of 2004, the total population was 4917, including 1020 Miao people. The total income of rural economy is 23.427 million yuan, the output value of township enterprises is 53.47 million yuan, the fiscal revenue is 660 thousand yuan, the total grain output is 1921 tons, and the per capita net income is 2199 yuan. The family planning rate is 95%, and the natural population growth rate is within 5 ‰.

Geographical profile

Guandou Miao nationality township is located in the south of Gongxian County, which belongs to the low and middle mountain area around the southern edge of Sichuan Basin. It is located at the tail of Wumeng Mountain range, between 280 ° 30 ″ N and 104 ° 57 ′ 40 ″ E. The whole township is between 600 and 1300 meters above sea level. The township covers an area of 20.43 square kilometers, 7.5 kilometers wide from east to west and 5 kilometers long from north to south. It is adjacent to Luohai town and caoying Township, across the river from Shibei Township, and Luobu Township, Weixin County, Zhaotong City, Yunnan Province. It is connected by mountains and rivers. One farm (zhongxingchang town) crosses two provinces, which is very characteristic of border trade.

Evolution of organizational system

Guandou Miao township is located in the southernmost part of Gongxian County, 97 kilometers away from the county seat, covering an area of 20.43 square kilometers. It has four administrative villages: Qianjin, Yuejin, Bairen and Xingfu. Guandou Miao township was originally named zhongxingchang. It belonged to Jiyi Township in the late Qing Dynasty and the early Republic of China. It belonged to the eighth District in the ninth year of the Republic of China. In 1925, it was established as the joint protection of Zhongxing Township, with jurisdiction over four guarantees. In 1930, it was reorganized into six guarantees. In 1936, the Central Township was abolished, and the township belonged to Fuxing township (now Luohai town). In January 1951, the people's Government of Zhongxing township was set up, which divided the six villages back from Fuxing Township into five villages. The township government was set up in Wenchang Palace (now Xingfu Village) in dengjiahe. In September 1952, the national democratic united government of Zhongxing township was set up. In October 1958, Zhongxing people's commune was established, and the township national democratic coalition government disappeared. On May 31, 1966, the Revolutionary Committee of Zhongxing commune was established. In January 1978, it was changed into Guandou commune. In December 1982, Guandou commune was transformed into Guandou township. On March 17, 1991, the people's Government of Guandou Miao township was established.

infrastructure

Before the founding of the people's Republic of China, the traffic in Guandou Miao township was closed, and people generally used bottom wrapping, basket, basket and horse as means of transportation. A little large-scale outward transportation could be carried out by wooden boats from dengjiahe. After the founding of the people's Republic of China, the state invested in the construction of transportation. In 1972, the construction of the Xunguan highway was completed. All kinds of production and daily necessities were transported in from abroad, and the local products in the township were also exported one after another. In addition to the main transit road, each village has built a total of 37 kilometers of village roads, and 26 of the 30 villager groups in the four villages have built tractor roads. The traffic situation of Miao township has changed greatly, which has played a decisive role in promoting the political, economic and cultural development of the township. Before the founding of the people's Republic of China, there were no water conservancy facilities in Guandou Miao Township, so production and living water could only be supplied by Wangtian water. In dry years, people had to go to Dengjia river five kilometers away to fetch water. After the founding of the people's Republic of China, the government attached great importance to the construction of water conservancy projects and continuously invested in solving the problem of drinking water for the population. In recent years, more than 1.1 million yuan has been invested (including more than 500000 yuan invested by the Hong Kong Kadoorie foundation and more than 500000 yuan invested by the provincial and municipal governments) to attract fresh spring water and solve the problem of water consumption for street residents; household projects have built water cellars to solve the problem of drinking water for part of rural households; and so on The canal weir is more than 3000 meters, which solves the problem of irrigation. In terms of school education, from 1998 to 2000, teaching buildings and student dormitories of Township Central schools were built respectively, and sports venues were leveled, with a total investment of nearly 1 million yuan. The high and low voltage power transmission network of rural power grid in the whole township has been completely transformed. Every household has used lighting power, and small-scale processing facilities for agricultural and sideline products have been popularized to every household, so as to achieve the goal of "no going out for rice, no cattle and people for grinding". TV into farmers, fiber-optic connection to the home, slightly remote farmers have basically popularized small Tianguo (digital receiver). More than 40% of the rural households in the township have installed fixed phones or used mobile phones.

Industrial Organization

Guandou Miao township is a pure agricultural township. For a long time after the founding of the people's Republic of China, the agricultural development was slow. Due to the traffic congestion, it is a self-sufficient natural economy. The planting industry is mainly grain, rape, peanuts, etc., and the breeding industry is mainly pig, cattle, chicken, duck and other poultry. After the reform and opening up, the agricultural production structure has been adjusted, especially the household contract responsibility system has been implemented, and scientific planting has been popularized and implemented. The grain output has been greatly increased, and the per capita share of grain has been maintained at more than 400 kg. At the same time, the scale of breeding industry has been constantly expanding. The average farmer raises more than 3 pigs, the cattle stock has reached more than 2 per household, and the number of chickens, ducks and geese has been increasing In addition, the cake of "animal husbandry strong township" is growing. the township is rich in mineral resources, mainly coal, pyrite and limestone, with proven coal reserves of 25 million tons and pyrite of more than 20 million tons. There are five coal mines in the area, with an annual output of 240000 tons of coal. Through technical transformation, it is expected to reach more than 400000 tons, and the profit and tax income will be more than 4 million yuan. The labor income of migrant workers can increase the per capita income of farmers by more than 50 yuan. in recent years, the township has developed a new way to strengthen the township by animal husbandry through targeted poverty alleviation. Miaoling beef cattle professional cooperative was established in 2008. After six years of leapfrog development, the cooperative has made great progress. The number of members has increased from the initial 5 households to 392 households in 2014, radiating the entire Gongwei provincial boundary; the number of beef cattle has increased from 200 to 2100; the annual operating income has increased from more than 810000 yuan to 10.045 million yuan; the annual per capita net income of members has increased from 4810 yuan in 2008 to 10963 yuan at the end of 2014. In 2014, there were more than 2100 beef cattle on hand and 1025 beef cattle on sale in the township, with sales of 10.045 million yuan. With this alone, the per capita income of cattle farmers increased by more than 3800 yuan.

natural condition

The soil is mainly weak acid loess and sandy soil, with more limestone and typical karst landform. Dengjia River, the upper reaches of Nanguang River, flows slowly around the border. The average annual temperature is 17. 8 ℃. It belongs to the sub tropical humid monsoon climate zone. The average annual rainfall is 1033.6 mm. The annual frost free period is 304 days. The forest coverage rate is about 50%. The township has 4 villager committees and 30 villager groups. By the end of 2005, the total population was 4955, including 929 Miao people. Guandou Miao township is an agricultural township. In recent years, the township party committee and government have increased the adjustment of industrial structure, closely focused on the goal of "strengthening the township through animal husbandry", carried out the improvement of local yellow cattle, the introduction of improved sows, and the large-scale breeding of Tuwu chicken, basically achieved the goal of raising more than 2 cattle per household, more than 3 pigs per capita per year, 40 chickens per household, and the number of other livestock and poultry on hand With the continuous increase, the cake of "livestock strong township" is growing. in 2014, there were more than 2100 beef cattle on hand, 1025 beef cattle on sale, and the sales volume was 10.045 million yuan.

Culture, education and health

Guandou Miao Township Primary School was founded in 1881, the seventh year of Guangxu. At the beginning of the school, there were only two classes, 21 students and 2 teachers. After the founding of the people's Republic of China, there was a central school and three village primary schools in Guandou Miao Township, with an average of about 800 students (nine-year system, central school with junior high school). The government has continuously strengthened its leadership in school education, gradually improved hardware facilities, improved school running conditions, and equipped a strong teaching staff. The school has implemented standardized management, and students' achievements have been improved year by year. Students have become talents, parents have confidence in themselves, and the society is satisfied. Miao culture is unique, and Miao Lusheng dance is unique. During the Spring Festival, Miao people gather on the mountain lawn to celebrate their own festival Huashan Festival. Men, women, old and young, hand in hand, heel and foot, with the rhythm of Lusheng dance, step on the cattle drum and dance happily together to celebrate the harvest of the past year and wish good luck for the new year. Before the founding of the people's Republic of China, there were only a few herbal medicine doctors in Guandou Miao township. In the early 1950s, a joint clinic was opened. In 1956, a township health center was established, but the medical facilities were poor and the medical level was low. In 1997, with the approval of the higher authorities, a comprehensive outpatient building was built, with a total investment of 130000 yuan, including 50000 yuan from the ethnic and religious departments of provinces, cities and counties, and 80000 yuan from the health units. two hundred

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