Mangshan Yao nationality township, Yizhang County, Chenzhou City, Hunan Province

Mangshan Yao nationality township

Mangshan Yao nationality township, full name of Mangshan Yao Autonomous Township, Yizhang County, the main specialty is the original ecological food materials, including Mangshan black porpoise, Mangshan range Jie chicken, tea, fern, bitter bamboo shoots. It is located in the south of Yizhang County, 50 kilometers away from the county in the north, with an altitude of 653 meters. 7891 people (in 2017), with Yao nationality accounting for 60%. The township government is stationed in Yong'an. The road is open. As of 2003, it has jurisdiction over 7 administrative villages and 54 villager groups, with a total area of 285.64 square kilometers (2017), including 4656 mu of cultivated land. It belonged to Pali Township in 1949, Pali District in 1950, Mangshan Yao Autonomous Township in 1956, Mangshan Forest Farm in 1958, Mangshan commune in 1961, Mangshan Yao commune in 1982 and Mangshan Yao Township in 1984. The township enterprises include silicon factory, bamboo mat factory and power station. Mangshan Nature Reserve has been turned into a national forest park.

administrative division

social undertakings

Since the first rural distance education site was built in Liujia village in 2005, one extended site and seven basic sites have been built in 2007, realizing the full coverage of distance education. At the training mobilization meeting, chairman Chen Hongyu, who is in charge of distance education, made a mobilization speech on how to do a good job in the training. He asked the site leaders and administrators to participate in the training with a high sense of responsibility and mission. They should not be perfunctory. They must seriously study, strive to learn, understand and use what they have learned, and abide by the learning discipline to ensure the effectiveness of the training Fruit. in the training course, the technical personnel consolidated and deepened the technical points of distance education, such as the basic operation of computer, guided each student to operate, so that they can skillfully operate independently, and carefully explained the special channel resource management software, the use of computer Internet and red star network, and learned the practical operation instructions of Rural Distance Education by using red star video In addition, it is helpful for them to deal with the learning and teaching activities freely.

Historical evolution

The nomadic people in the north, who live in no fixed place, bring their families into the mountains to taste the soil and observe its fertility and barrenness. They weave their thatch into houses and eat only wheat and beans. In the second or third year or the fourth or fifth year of farming, they burn their nests and move to other places when the land is barren, so they are called Guoshan Yao. They speak Yumian language. During the Ming and de dynasties, Yao people with Zhao family name migrated from Fujian to Yong'an village in mangshandong. From 1821 to 1850 (the reign of Daoguang in Qing Dynasty), Zhao Jinlong, the leader of Yao people's uprising, evacuated from Jianghua, Xintian, Changning and Guiyang to Mangshan and lived in seclusion in Daodong, Tangfang and Xiling villages. His ancestors moved from Zhejiang to Fujian and moved to northern Guangdong. From 1506 to 1521 (Zhengde period of Ming Dynasty), they moved from Taiping cave in Yangshan County, Guangdong Province to Mangshan. Babai Yao is composed of junyanpai, libadong Pai, Huoshaoping Pai, dazhangling Pai, Hengkeng Pai, Youling Pai, Xingxiang Pai and Majian pai in northern Guangdong Province. The Yao people in Mangshan have always been good at singing. They often sing "mixed songs of men and women". Many folk singers sing along with composing and exporting. They use lyrics to spread and narrate the history of their own nation; they use songs to drive out the fatigue brought by productive labor; they use songs to convey their admiration and love to each other; they use songs to exchange their feelings of meeting and parting. Its ballads include historical songs, production and labor songs, sacrifice songs, love songs, mystery songs and hero songs. Panwang Dage is a long narrative poem of Yao history, which is composed of the origin of heaven and earth, the story of flood, the marriage of Fuxi brothers and sisters, the totem worshipped by Hu ancestors and the social experience of Yao people. There are three genres of Yao Songs: one is a poem with four sentences and seven characters; the other is a poem with three or five characters in the first sentence and seven characters in the last three sentences; the third is a poem with seven characters in the first two or four sentences and the third sentence has more than ten characters. Mang Mountain is a place where Yao people live. During the Yongle period of Ming Dynasty (1403-1424), Yao general was established. During the reign of Zhengde (1506-1521), there were four Yao generals. In the tenth year of Qianlong reign of Qing Dynasty (1745), Zeng Zong, the county magistrate, was ordered to follow the Ming system and still set up the Yao general in Mangshan. During the reign of Jiaqing (1796-1820), there were 367 Yao people in Mangshan, with one Yao general and four thousand long. Yao Dong held the official examination on time, and Yao officials were held by Yao people. During the Xianfeng Period (1851-1861), Mangshan was designated as a special area to supervise League training, which was called Yong'an League. At the beginning of the Republic of China, the Han gentry in Mangshan resumed the Yong'an regiment. In 1937, the Ministry of industry and Commerce of the national government decided to classify Mangshan Forest as a state-owned forest area. In April 1950, Mangshan township was established. In September 1956, Mangshan Forest Management Institute was established. In March 1958, Mangshan Forest Management Office was renamed state Mangshan Forest Farm, directly under the Forestry Department of Hunan Province. In October, Mangshan township was renamed Mangshan people's Commune and incorporated into Mangshan Forest Farm, which returned to the jurisdiction of Yizhang County. In September 1961, the forest farm and the community were set up separately. The forest farm was directly under the jurisdiction of Hunan forestry department, and Mangshan people's commune was under the jurisdiction of the county. In 1972, the forest farm was put under the jurisdiction of Chenzhou. In 1982, Mangshan Forest Farm was renamed Mangshan Forestry Administration Bureau of Chenzhou Prefecture, Hunan Province, and Mangshan people's commune was renamed Mangshan Yao people's commune. In 1984, Mangshan Yao people's commune was renamed Mangshan Township People's government. In July 1992, "Mangshan National Forest Park" was established with the approval of the Ministry of forestry. In November 1992, the establishment committee of Chenzhou district approved the establishment of Mangshan National Forest Park Management Office, which worked together with Mangshan Forest Management Bureau and implemented two brands and one team. In April 1994, with the approval of the State Council, Mangshan National Nature Reserve in Hunan Province was established, and then the administration of nature reserves was successively established, with three brands and one team. In 1998, Mangshan forestry administration was renamed Mangshan state owned forestry administration. In December 2001, the Forest Management Bureau was transferred to Yizhang County, which is a department level self-supporting institution. There are 12 functional departments and 12 secondary institutions. In that year, the total population of Mangshan was 8183, including 806 cadres and workers in Mangshan Forest Management Bureau, 457 retired, 607 family members, and the rest were Yao and Hakka people in Mangshan township.

Population data

The population data of Mangshan Yao nationality township at the end of 2002: (the fifth census data) 7891 people (2017).

famous scenery

Mangshan

Mangshan Mountain is located at the northern foot of Nanling Mountains, with a total area of 285.64 square kilometers (2017). It is adjacent to Ruyuan, Lianzhou and Yangshan in Guangdong Province in the East, West and south. There are more than 150 peaks more than 1000 meters in the territory. Mengkengshi, the highest peak, is 1902 meters above sea level, known as "the first peak in South China". The master plan of Mangshan National Geopark has passed the preliminary examination and submitted to the municipal government for approval

Forest Museum

Mang Mountain is named for its vast forest and boa constrictors. It is the largest forest park in Hunan Province. It is the gathering place of North and South plants. Subtropical and a few tropical and frigid forest plants live together here. According to the survey and statistics, there are 219 families, 929 genera and 2659 species of vascular plants in the park, accounting for 74.1% of the total number of genera and 88.3% of the total number of families in Hunan Province. The forest park has 21 species of national key wild plants, including four species such as Taxus chinensis var. mairei in the first level, and 17 species such as xiangguoshu and Pinus thunbergii in the second level. Mangshan flora is rich in ancient plant species. Mangshan is rarely affected by Quaternary glaciers. Many tertiary or older plants can be preserved. It is a good reserve of tertiary forest and a "refuge" for ancient plants. A large number of gymnosperms such as Taxus chinensis, Amentotaxus, Tsuga longibracteata, Tsuga chinensis, Taxus chinensis var. mairei and centurium are distributed in groups. There are 8 genera and 22 species, which indicate the antiquity of the flora. Mangshan has 20 endemic species, such as Nanling purple stem, Cyclobalanopsis obovata, Styrax macrocarpa, Rhododendron mangshanense, Dryopteris mangshanense, etc. Mangshan Forest Park has become a gathering place for all kinds of animals. Deep into the forest, you can see monkeys and apes playing on the treetops, squirrels jumping on the treetops, rabbits galloping through the bushes, and elk haunting the forest. According to the survey, there are more than 300 species (excluding fish) of vertebrates belonging to 164 genera and 70 families in the park. Among these animals, there are 33 species of national key protected wild animals, 4 species of South China tiger, leopard and Tragopan in the first level, and 29 species of pangolin and Tibetan chieftain in the second level. The giant poisonous snake, Mangshan iron headed snake, discovered in 1990, can be called a "national treasure" of the generation. There are only 300-500 snakes in the narrow range of Mangshan in the world.

Unique natural landscape

The mountains are high, the rocks are strange, the forest is beautiful, the water is beautiful, and the sky is bright. For example, the famous Guizi village, yazishi village and Monkey King Village scenic spots in Mangshan Mountain, whose cliffs are like swords. The terrain of Mang Mountain inclines from southeast to northwest, which is quite rugged. The relative height difference is large, generally 500-800 meters, and the maximum height difference is 1400 meters. Standing on the main peak of mengkengshi, the highest peak in the south of the sky, you can have a panoramic view of the mountains. You can also see Hengyang in the north and Shaoguan in the south. After thousands of years of wind and rain, many cliff stones in the mountain have become various shapes, such as: Golden Whip God pillar, general stone, boy worship Guanyin, wooden fish stone, toad stone, wooden fish painting stone, arhat meditation. They are vivid and make people daydream. There are countless waterfalls of guizizhai, which flow thousands of feet. The "ten thousand Zhang deep pit" dominates the pass of heaven

Chinese PinYin : Hu Nan Sheng Chen Zhou Shi Yi Zhang Xian Mang Shan Yao Zu Xiang