Jiannan Town, Lichuan City, Enshi Tujia and Miao Autonomous Prefecture, Hubei Province

Jiannan town

Jiannan town is located in 108 ° 23 ′ - 108 ° 35 ′, 30 ° 18 ′ - 30 ° 35 ′, northwest of Lichuan City. It borders on Wangying in the southeast, Wanzhou and Shizhu in the northwest, covering 325.95 square kilometers (2017), 5112.46 hectares of cultivated land, including 2320.73 hectares of paddy fields and 2791.73 hectares of dry land. Among them, natural gas resources are particularly rich, with a number of natural gas wells.

survey

Lichuan is a town under the jurisdiction of the city. It covers an area of 325.95 square kilometers (2017). The resident population was 41839 (2017). It has jurisdiction over 54 administrative villages. The town government is located in the vegetable village.

evolution

The ancient name of Jiannan is the river beside the town, which is shaped like a sword and the water is blue. It means Jiannan. In the third year of Xuande of Ming Dynasty (1428), Jiannan was sued. In 1665, the fourth year of the reign of Emperor Kangxi of the Qing Dynasty, the chieftain division of Jiannan was changed to chieftain division of Jiannan by means of Yan Wu Xiu Wen Yi. Yongzheng 13 years (1735 years) to change the soil flow, Jiannan flood to Huali. Jiannan township was established in the Republic of China, and Jiannan district was established at the beginning of liberation. Jiannan commune was established in 1958 and restored to Jiannan District in 1961. In 1975, the district was withdrawn and merged into Jiannan commune. In 1984, the township was established as Jiannan District, with 10 townships under its jurisdiction. In 1996, the district was removed and the town was established, covering an area of 307.2 square kilometers and with a population of 71000. It has six administrative districts, including Shuanglong, baiyangsi, Hongmiaozi, santaisi, longtouxi, Longquan, Baishixi, Xingxing, Daqing, tongziliang, Weifeng, Xinghong, Mingxing, Jilin, Yitang, Yaoping, zhongzhongyun, Huayuan, Tongxin, Gaoxiang, baiyangdu, Tianyuan, Fengyuan, liming, Heping and Pinghe There are 54 administrative villages, namely, Huaguo, Hongxing, Lianhe, Huangjin, vegetable, Xianci, Zhongchi, Jianxing, Chaping, chatai, Linchang, Pingqiao, Longjing, Qianjin, fotangba, Zhongping, Caoping, medicinal plant, baizhuba, SHUITIANBA, banchangping, Dawuji, dadaojiao, hongbanyun, Fenghuang, fengzhuba, Rongping and Longtang. In 2004, the town government was stationed in Jiannan, with a population of 72134 and an area of 303.3 square kilometers. It has jurisdiction over Hongxing, Shuanglong, Santai temple, Longquan, Baiyang temple, longtouxi, Hongmiaozi, Baishixi, Daqing, Xingxing, tongziliang, Weifeng, Zhongzhong, Yaoping, Mingxing, Gaoxiang, Huayuan, Tongxin, Xinghong, Jilin, Yitang, Heping, liming, Tianyuan, Pinghe, baiyangdu, Lianhe and Chayuan There are 54 administrative villages including Huaguo, Xianci, Huangjin, vegetable, Longjing, Pingqiao, Jianxin, Chaping, Zhongchi, chatai, forest farm, Fotang, Caoping, Qianjin, Zhongping, herbal medicine, baizhuba, Dawuji, SHUITIANBA, fenghuanggou, hongbanyun, dadaojiao, longtanggou, banchangping, fengzhuba and rongmaoping.

code

[2013 code and urban rural classification] 422802103: ～ 200220 Hongxing Village ～ 201220 Shuanglong Village ～ 202220 santaisi village ～ 203220 Longquan Village ～ 204220 baiyangsi village ～ 205220 longtouxi village ～ 206220 Hongmiaozi village ～ 207220 Baishixi village ～ 208220 Daqing Village ～ 209220 Xingxing village ～ 210220 tongziliang village ～ 211220 Weifeng village ～ 212220 middle village ～ 213220 Yaoping village ～ 214220 Mingxing village ～ 215220 Gaoxiang Village Village ~ 216220 Huayuan village ~ 217220 Tongxin village ~ 218220 Xinghong village ~ 219220 Jilin village ~ 220220 Yitang village ~ 221220 Heping Village ~ 222220 Liming Village ~ 223220 Tianyuan village ~ 224220 Pinghe village ~ 225220 baiyangdu village ~ 226220 Lianhe village ~ 227220 Chayuan village ~ 228220 Huaguo village ~ 229122 Xianci village ~ 230122 Huangjin village ~ 231121 vegetable village ~ 232220 Longjing Village ~ 233220 Pingqiao village ~ 234220 Jianxin Village From Chaping village, 23520 to chatai village, 236220 to Linchang village, 238220 to Fotang village, 239220 to Caoping village, 240220 to Qianjin village, 241220 to Zhongping village, 243220 to baizhuba village, 243220 to Dawuji village, 244220 to SHUITIANBA village, 246220 to fenghuanggou village, 247220 to hongbanyun village, 248220 to Daojiao village, 249220 to longtanggou village, 250220 to banchangping village, 251220 to fengzhuba village, 252220 Pingcun ~ 253220 herbal medicine farm village

Regional overview

The altitude is 589-1704 meters, with three-dimensional distribution of low mountain, two high mountain and high mountain. The high mountain area is relatively flat, the low mountain area and the second high mountain area have many gullies, high mountains and steep slopes. The soil is developed from quartz sandstone and purple shale with a small amount of kaolin. The pH value is 5.5-7.8, the soil texture is sandy soil medium soil, a small amount of clay is distributed locally, and the natural vegetation is rich. The average annual rainfall of low mountain, two high mountain and high mountain is 1198 mm, 1300 mm and 1650 mm respectively, the frost free period is 255 days, 220 days and 180 days respectively, and the average annual temperature is 15.1 ℃, 12.7 ℃ and 10 ℃ respectively.

administrative division

After the founding of the people's Republic of China, when the people's commune was established, Jiannan District Office of Lichuan County was established, which governed 11 people's communes, namely Changjin, Baishui, Fotang, Linkou, Xinxin, Datong, Baile, Taile, Xinliang, Pingzhen and Fenghua. In 1974, Changjin and Baishui were merged into jianzhuxi people's commune; Fotang, Fenghua, Linkou, Xinxin and Datong were merged into Jiannan people's commune; Baile, Taile, Xinliang and Pingzhen were merged into lefudian people's commune. In 1984, the three people's communes were abolished and merged into Jiannan District Office, which governs 10 townships: Changjin, jianzhuxi, Fotang, Fenghua, Linkou, Xinxin, Miaoliang, lefudian, Pingzhen and Xinliang. In 1988, Changjin township was transferred to Wangying district office. In 1996, Jiannan District Office was abolished and nine townships except Changjin Township were merged to establish Jiannan town. It has jurisdiction over 54 administrative villages, 495 villager groups and 19000 households. The town government is located in Jiannan, with a population of 41839 (2017). It has the reputation of "the first town of Huanglian in China" and "the first town of Chutian changmaotu".

agricultural economy

Jiannan town is located in the southwest Hengduan Mountain system. The town is mainly mountainous, with mild climate, no severe cold in winter and no severe heat in summer. It is suitable for the growth of a variety of crops and economic trees. The forest summer benefit rate of the whole town is 42%, the forest area is 13693 hectares, and the standing stock is 276071 cubic meters. There are three reservoirs in the town, with a total capacity of 6415 cubic meters, 536 ponds, 46km of river course, 70.3mw of theoretical water energy reserves, 56.3mw of exploitable capacity, and 2000kW of developed water energy. The town is rich in Coptis, Fritillaria, Magnolia officinalis, eucommia, phellodendron, Polygonum multiflorum, Artemisia, Houttuynia, rhubarb, papaya and other valuable Chinese herbal medicine. The town has 520 professional and technical personnel, accounting for 72% of the total population.

History and culture

From the late Warring States period to the Tang and Song Dynasties (some places even continued to the Ming Dynasty), a peculiar burial custom, cliff burial, was popular in Enshi Prefecture. The cliff burial culture in Enshi Prefecture is one of the burial styles of ancient ethnic minorities in southern China. According to the research of relevant scholars, its ethnic groups should be Pu, Liao and Yue, and the Pu, Liao and Yue here are inextricably linked with Ba culture and Tujia culture. Cliff burials can be roughly divided into three types: one is the hanging coffin, which refers to the coffin box nailed on the cliff. Second, the rock: also known as cliff burial, that is, the use of natural rock placed coffin. The third is the rock coffin tomb: that is to say, man-made caves are dug on the rock as the tomb chamber. The rock coffin tombs in Enshi Prefecture are mainly distributed in Jianshi and Lichuan. Only in the west of Qiyueshan mountain in Lichuan, more than ten remains of this kind of rock coffin tombs have been found, all of which are artificially excavated cavities on red sandstone as coffin storage places. The seven Confucius rock coffin tombs in Lichuan are the most typical. The "seven Confucius" cliff cave tomb site is located on the red sand cliff on the East Bank of Jiannan River, 2.5km to the west of Jiannan Town, Lichuan City. Because there are seven caves, it is called "seven Confucius", also known as "immortal cave" and "molting cave". Seven Confucius, more than 10 meters above the ground, is arranged in two rows. Except one hole is rectangular, the others are nearly square. Among the holes, the row spacing and hole spacing are about 1 meter. The depth of two holes is less than 0.3m, and that of others is about 1.5m. The roof of the square hole is domed, with a middle height of about 1.1 meters, a side height of about 0.8 meters and a room width of 1.4 meters. Local villagers once took out boat shaped coffins from the caves, which contained human bones. Later, the cultural relics investigation team took out a box coffin from the cave. The coffin was 0.7m long and contained human bones. It was called "second burial" or "bone picking burial". Queen Mother City Queen Mother City, a resounding and beautiful name, is a place full of yearning and fantasy. It is located on the queen mother mountain in Longquan Village, Jiannan Town, Lichuan City, bordering on Shizhu County, Chongqing city. It was first built in Hongwu Period of Ming Dynasty, with unique mountain scenery and precipitous terrain. In the city, there are statues of the queen mother. There are many folk legends and fragrant incense, which have a high prospect of tourism development. In recent decades, every temple fair on June 19 of the lunar calendar (it is said that it is the birthday of the queen mother) is held within one week. It was built in the late Ming Dynasty and the early Qing Dynasty. It is said that in ancient times, the queen mother took a rest in the mountain and saw the Tujia people living in the mountain stronghold, hunting for a living, naked and fruitless

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