Guantai Town, Ci County, Handan City, Hebei Province

Guantai town

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Guantai town is located in the southwest of Cixian County, adjacent to Anfeng township of Anyang County in Henan Province in the East, Duli township of Anyang County in the west, Tongye Township and lunzhang township of Anyang County in the south, and Yuecheng Town, Huangsha Town, dudang Township and Baitu town across Yuecheng Reservoir in the North. With a total area of 41.05 square kilometers and a permanent population of 28226 (2017), all of them are Han nationality. It has 12 natural villages and 14 villager committees.

Town profile

Guantai Town, located in the southwest of Ci County, Handan City, Hebei Province, is named Guantai because there is a Tutai in the north of Guantai village. It is said that Cao Cao built it for the parade during the Three Kingdoms period. It is located in the cobble hilly area, with hills in the south, the eastern foot of Taihang Mountain, and Yuecheng Reservoir in the north. It is the site of Cizhou kiln site in China. It is the key coal and coke industrial area in the county. It is a typical industrial town and the first billion yuan town in Cixian county.

The town has a permanent population of 28226 people (in 2017), with a total area of 41.05 square kilometers. It governs 14 administrative villages, including 1st Street, 2nd Street, 3rd Street, dongaikou, xiaikou, gangziyao, Qianling, houling, xibaobao, dongbaobao, Qifu, zhongqingliu, xiqingliu and dongqingliu, including 9 immigrant villages. The town government is located in Guantai Sanjie village. Guantai town is adjacent to Anfeng Township, Anyang County, Henan Province in the East; to Duli Township, Anyang County in the West; to Tongye town and lunzhang Township, Anyang County in the South; to Yuecheng Town, Huangsha Town, dudang Township and Baitu town across Yuecheng Reservoir in the north, with an altitude of 80-340 meters and a groundwater level of 50-80 meters. The soil is calcareous cinnamon soil, fluvo cinnamon soil and cinnamon soil. There are friendship canal and chuanzhang canal in the territory. The total cultivated land is 17444 mu, including 6104 mu of irrigated land. It is rich in coal, limestone, refractory soil, iron ore and other resources.

Geographic transportation

Provincial Highway s242 Shiguan highway (formerly Xingdu highway) passes through the middle of the town,

There are 152 rural roads connecting the east to Yuecheng Reservoir dam,

There are 154 rural roads connecting Aikou and gangziyao village in the West.

In addition, there are several internal roads in villages and towns

Three local railways that once reached Guantai

Guantai classic Qingliu fengle

Guantai Gangzi kiln Anyang

Taizizhai to Pengcheng

Historical evolution

In the north of Guantai village, there is a Tutai. It is said that Cao Cao built it for the parade in the Three Kingdoms period, so it is called Guantai. In addition, according to the records of Zhangde Prefecture written by Jiajing of Ming Dynasty, "the stone tiger was built by Linzhang water, so it was named Guan.". Another way to say, this stage is called Guantai because it looks at three! During the construction of Yuecheng Reservoir, he moved to the current site and lived there. The former site was located more than one mile north of the current site.

The recorded history of Guantai can be traced back to the spring and Autumn period and the Warring States period.

In 422 B.C., ximenbao was appointed as the magistrate of Ye County (governing Ye Town of Linzhang county). He built 12 weirs on zhangshui River and opened 12 canals on the south bank to irrigate zhangshui river. Six of them are in Guantai Town, also known as Liuhegou

Around the 15th year of Jian'an (A.D. 210), Cao Cao built one of the three platforms (Tongque, Jinhu and Bingjing) based on the city and stored a large amount of coal in the platform. In the Western Jin Dynasty, Zuo Si's "Wei Du Fu" said: "Mojing Yanchi, xuanzi Suye". According to Li Shan's notes in "Wei Du Fu", there are graphite wells in the west of Yexi, Gaoling and Boyang City, with a depth of eight Zhang. Boyang city refers to Guantai Qingliu village

In the Tang Dynasty, Guantai had a history of ceramic industry (new discovery of Cizhou kiln in Yezi in 2015)

The song and Yuan Dynasties were the most glorious time of Guantai Cizhou kiln, and the coal development was also close to developed,

After the Yuan Dynasty, due to the flood of Zhanghe River and the stagnation of shipping, Taiwan watchers went to other places to carry forward the Cizhou kiln skills throughout the country, and there were shadows of the Cizhou kiln in Fengfeng Hebi and other places.

Guantai town in Ming and Qing Dynasties successively belonged to Cizhou Xiangzhou along with Fengfeng area.

In February 1903, Ma jisen, a former imperial court official of the Qing Dynasty, and Tan Shizhen, a native of Weixian County, Shandong Province, and Gu Yuan, a native of Kaifeng County, Henan Province, raised 20000 taels of silver to open Liuhegou coal mine, which was approved by the Qing government to set up a coal mining plant. The owner, Ma jisen, has a broad vision and flexible operation. He abandoned the traditional native mining mode and took the lead in mining by machinery. At the same time, he adopted the new enterprise management mode of joint-stock system and actively absorbed external funds, showing distinct characteristics of modern enterprises. After the coal mine was put into operation, it soon gained rich profits.

In 1904, the Ministry of agriculture, industry and Commerce of the national government officially approved the establishment of "Anyang Liuhegou coal mine". Later, Zhang Xiaoqian from Henan Shangcheng, Gu Yuan from Kaifeng, Wu Yue from Ningbo, Zhejiang, and others joined in the new shares of 40000 Liang. Ye runhan and others increased their investment and opened up a new wellhead near Liuhegou. At the same time, they attracted foreign investors such as monagen from Germany and Ma Mei from Belgium to invest in Liuhegou coal mine. As a result, the scale of Liuhegou coal mine continued to expand, and Liuhegou Coal Mine Co., Ltd. was officially established soon In addition, he borrowed 100000 liang from German businessman dreine and ordered advanced machinery and equipment.

In 1906, after the Pingping (Beiping) Han (Hankou) railway was completed and opened to traffic, it promoted the development of Liuhegou coal resources. In order to meet the needs of coal transportation and sales, the first local railway in history appeared in Handan.

In May 1907, Liuhegou Coal Mine Co., Ltd. was formally established. Since then, the cause of coal development has developed in twists and turns, and small coal mines and government coal mines coexist.

In 1908, the Liuhegou coal mine funded the construction of a light railway from Liuhegou to fengle town (now fengle town, Anyang County, Henan Province). It is called Fengliu railway. This narrow gauge railway is 32.5 km long and is a special line for coal transportation. At the beginning, the coal was transported by pushing the cylinder manually. Later, a small train was purchased and converted to mechanical traction. It mainly carried coal and also operated a small amount of passenger and freight transportation. At the same time, coal distribution plants were set up in Zhangde, Zhengzhou, Xuchang, Hankou and other places along the pinghan line to expand sales.

In 1909, the Qing government decided to increase the mining intensity of Liuhegou coal mine in order to supplement the empty state treasury. Next to the original mining area, a larger mining area was demarcated, and the new coal mine of Liuhegou was developed by competitive bidding. The government has put up a notice calling on private industrialists across the country to bid for cash banks. After the news came out, speculators in Japan, France, Britain and the United States were eager to eat this fat meat. However, the Qing government stipulated that only Chinese businessmen were allowed to bid, so foreign businessmen tried to find Chinese partners. Charles, a British businessman, secretly supported Zhou Yi, a rich businessman in Anyang. He threw a lot of money and was sure to win. Ma jisen won the development right of Liuhegou new coal mine with 1.8 million taels of silver, which broke the dream of foreign businessmen.

In 1911, when Wu Yue, a native of Ningbo, Zhejiang Province, was the general manager, he was constrained by foreign businessmen everywhere because he was unable to repay the debts due to German businessman de Cuilin. As a creditor, de Cuilin put forward various additional conditions and asked the German to be sent to Liuhegou coal mine as a technician in an attempt to monopolize the technology. In order to get rid of this passive situation, Wu Yue decided to borrow money from Huabi bank to repay the debt. At this time, Ma Mei, the chief engineer and chief engineer of Lincheng Coal Bureau, had coveted Liuhegou coal mine and wanted to intervene in it all the time, but he had no chance. At this time, he learned that Liuhegou coal mine was in urgent need of funds and took the opportunity to collude with Huabi bank to lure Wu Yue into signing a contract with it for ten years At the same time, Ma Mei won all the management power of Liuhegou coal. When Wu Yue learned of the transaction behind the bank, he was too late to repent, which made Liuhegou from a national capital enterprise to an enterprise controlled by foreign capital, and became a tool for foreign capital to penetrate and plunder the economy. After Ma Mei took over, he soon set up a power plant and installed two 1000 kW generating units and four steam pressure boilers. In addition, an office room with underground passageway was built, which was directly connected to the railway station. In case of emergency, it was easy to escape at any time. （

This is the predecessor of Guantai middle school) < / I >

Due to the important position of Liuhegou coal mine at that time, many important people of the Republic of China worked here. They used their official positions and influence to make the coal mine production grow steadily.

In March 1917, the coal mining company held a shareholders' meeting and decided that Cao Rulin, who was the former Vice Minister of foreign affairs and chief traffic officer, Lu Zongyu, who was the financial adviser of Yuan Shikai's presidential palace of the Republic of China, Wang Zhengting, a senior diplomatic official during the period of the Republic of China and the father of China's Olympic Games, would be the director, and Li Jin, a native of Ningbo, Zhejiang Province, would be the general manager.

After Li Jin took office, he was very distressed that the mineral rights of Liuhegou had been plundered by foreigners. Then he negotiated with Ma Mei, a Belgian, and demanded to take back the management right of the coal mine. After fierce negotiations, he turned Ma Mei's monopoly of coal into the joint management of both sides.

In 1919, taking advantage of the falling exchange rate of franc, Li Jin proposed to take back the management right, actively raised funds and paid off all foreign capital, so that the Belgian Ma Mei and foreign personnel stationed in the mine withdrew from the coal mine and restored the full control of national capital. In the same year, Liuhegou coal mine invested to rebuild the light rail from Guantai town to fengle town into standard track, purchased more than ten small trains and more than 100 wagons, and connected with pinghan railway, so that the daily coal transportation capacity increased to 1500-2000 tons. The Zhanghe bridge has also been built, and new mines such as taizhai and Fuxing have been dug, which has greatly increased coal production. By the early 1930s, the company's coal output had reached 750000 tons, with a total capital of 3 million yuan, 5000 employees, a mining area of 120000 square meters, and power plants, train houses, light railways, schools, baths, and supporting facilities for employees' houses. It reached the heyday of Liuhegou coal mine, becoming one of the top ten coal mines in China and an important coal mine in the early Republic of China Coking coal production

Chinese PinYin : He Bei Sheng Han Dan Shi Ci Xian Guan Tai Zhen