all the children of the yellow emperor(yán huáng zǐ sūn)

all the children of the yellow emperor

The Chinese people call themselves the Chinese people. "Yan" refers to Yan Emperor, with Jiang Shuicheng (now in Baoji City). "Huang" refers to the Yellow Emperor, whose name is Jishui. Emperor Yanhuang is the ancestor of China. It is said that they came from the same tribe and later became the leaders of two rival tribes. The two tribes fought in the battle of Hanquan. The Yellow Emperor defeated the Yan Emperor, and the two tribes gradually merged into the Huaxia people, who were called Han people after the Han Dynasty. Yandi and Huangdi are also the forefathers of Chinese culture and technology. It is said that they and their ministers and descendants created almost all the important inventions in ancient times.

Word analysis

explain

Yanhuang: the Shennong family of Yandi and the Xiong family of Huangdi represent the ancestors of the Chinese nation. Yandi (Yandi; yanemperor), one of the ancestors of China, and Huangdi (yellow emperor) are also known as the ancestors of China and the tribal leaders in ancient China. Also known as CHIDI and Lieshan family, they were born on the Bank of Jiangshui (now in Baoji City) from 6000 to 5500 years ago. Emperor Yan made Lei and planted five grains. It is the first market to set up a market. Linen is treated as cloth, and the people wear clothes. Make five stringed harps to entertain the people. Cutting wood is a bow to win the world. Making pottery, improving life. He is the first ancestor of the Chinese nation. He formed an alliance with the Yellow Emperor and gradually formed the Chinese nationality. Huangdi (2717-2599 BC). Xuanyuan Yellow Emperor is one of the earliest ancestors of China and the first ancestor of humanity. Together with Yan Emperor, who was born on the Bank of Jiangshui in Baoji, he is also known as the first ancestor of China and the leader of tribal alliance in ancient China. Shaodian's son, originally named Gongsun, lived in Jishui (Qishuihe, Wugong County, Shaanxi Province), so he changed his name to Ji and lived in Xuanyuan's hill, so he was named Xuanyuan's family. He was born, founded and built his capital in Youxiong (jinxinzheng), so he was also called Youxiong's family. Because of the auspiciousness of tude, he was named Huangdi. He recorded in the annals of history the great achievement of unifying the Chinese nation. During this period, there were words. The Yellow Emperor is the first of the five emperors, with Leizu, Momu and other four ladies. descendants of Yandi and Huangdi. descendants of the Chinese people refer to the descendants of the Chinese nation. Also known as "Huang Yan descendants.".

source

The descendants of the Chinese people, also known as the descendants of Huangyan and the descendants of Huangdi, are the self proclaimed members of the Chinese nation. It is said in Guoyu zhouyuxia that "the emperor's heaven is the best, and he is the best. His surname is Si, and his surname is Youxia. Zuoshiyue state ordered Hou Bo to give his surname "Jiang" and his surname "you Lu", which means that he could be Yu's thigh, arm, heart, and brawn in order to nourish people Although summer is declining, Qi and Qi are still there; although Shen and Lu are declining, Qi and Xu are still there. Only Jiagong, who was worshipped under the surname of Ming, has been in the world. Even if he lost it, there must be a sense of immorality. Therefore, the death of his surname will lead to the death of his family; the empress has no master, and he will be annihilated and replaced by Li. Is there no favor for the dead? After all yellow, inflammation also In other words, the descendants of Gan, Yu and Xia people, as well as Gonggong, Siyue and the states with the surname of Jiang, "are all Huang and Yan.". The pre Qin Chinese include Xia, Shang, Ji and Jiang, which are the countries that inherited the Chinese civilization among the surnames of Si, Zi, Ying, Ji and Jiang. For example, the Zhou royal family and the Ji surnamed states of Lu, Jin, Zheng, Wei, Han, Wei, Yan, Yu and Guo; the Jiang surnamed states of Qi, Shen, Lu and Xu. Xu, Huang, Tan, Jiang, Zhao, Qin and other countries with the surname of Ying and the surname of song. Yan Huang He Si originated from linggong of Qin Dynasty. According to the book of Fengchan in historical records, Duke linggong of Qin made Shanghe of Wuyang as a sacrifice to the Yellow Emperor, and Xiahe as a sacrifice to the Yan Emperor According to legend, both Yandi and Huangdi are regarded as the ancestors of the Chinese nation. "Guoyu · Jinyu" records: "in the past, Shaodian married Youyu and gave birth to Huangdi and Yandi. The Yellow Emperor was formed by Jishui (now the Qishui River in Guanzhong, Shaanxi), and the Yan Emperor by Jiangshui (now the Qingjiang River in Baoji, Shaanxi). Cheng different virtue, so Huangdi for Ji, Yandi for Jiang. The two emperors use their teachers to help each other, which is why they have different virtues. " This is the earliest record of the birthplace of Yandi and Huangdi. Therefore, they are two tribal leaders with similar blood relationship, which originated from the Weihe River Basin in the middle of Shaanxi Province. Later, the two tribes launched the battle of sakizumi. The Yellow Emperor defeated the Yan Emperor, and the two tribes gradually merged into the Huaxia nationality. Yandi and Huangdi are also the forefathers of Chinese culture and technology. It is said that they and their ministers and descendants created almost all the important inventions in ancient times. later, the legends of several ancient emperors, up to the Xia, Shang and Zhou emperors, were considered to be the direct descendants of the Yellow Emperor, and even the barbarians and barbarians were included in this system. Later emperors also claimed that they were descendants of the Yellow Emperor. Almost all surnames trace their distant ancestors back to Emperor Yan, Emperor Huang or their ministers. The minorities who accepted the Chinese culture (such as Xiongnu, Xianbei, etc.) also claimed to be the descendants of the Yellow Emperor and the Chinese people. Yeluyan, a minister of the Liao Dynasty, called Qidan the queen of the Yellow Emperor. "Liao Shi · Taizu Ji Zan" and "Shi Biao Xu" claimed that Qidan was the empress of Yan Emperor. In recent years, the Qidan descendants discovered in Yunnan Province have preserved a genealogy of Shidian chief executive Si compiled in the Ming Dynasty. A seven character poem is attached at the beginning of the volume, which says: "the ancestor of Liao Dynasty, Shiyan Emperor...". These Khitans also think that Khitan is of Miao nationality. at the end of the Qing Dynasty, this concept spread more widely with the construction of Chinese nationalism. The early revolutionaries who resisted the Manchu rule in the late Qing Dynasty used the slogan "descendants of the Yellow Emperor and the descendants of the Yellow Emperor" to win the support of the Han people. The radical revolutionaries thought that "the descendants of the Yellow Emperor and the Yan people only belong to the Han people". The moderate reformists thought that "China is all the descendants of the Yellow Emperor". In the face of the invasion and encroachment of Western powers, people of insight, including ethnic minorities, call for breaking ethnic boundaries and uniting China under the banner of "Chinese people". In the face of foreign invasion and in the crisis of national subjugation, the concept of "descendants of the Chinese people and the Yellow Emperor" has become a symbol of the construction of national cohesion of the Chinese people with ancestor worship as the basic culture. During the Anti Japanese War, the appellation of "descendants of the Chinese people" was shaped as a symbol of the Chinese nation in the war of resistance against the enemy, and became a banner to call on and encourage the Chinese at home and abroad to fight together. In the period of the Republic of China, "all the Chinese people are descendants of the Yellow Emperor", and it has become a consensus that all the Chinese people are descendants of the Yellow Emperor.

meaning

"Yanhuang" respectively refers to the leaders of two different tribes in China's primitive society. Emperor Yan, surnamed Jiang, is the leader of the Yan family. They entered the Central Plains from the West and had a long-term inter tribal conflict with the Jiuli nationality headed by Chiyou. Finally, he was forced to flee to Zhuolu (now Hebei Province). With the help of the Yellow Emperor, he attacked and killed Chiyou. The Yellow Emperor's surname is Ji and his surname is Xuanyuan. Later, there were three major conflicts between the two ethnic groups in Hanquan (it is said that Hanquan was in Huailai County, Hebei Province). The Huangdi people defeated the Yandi people and entered the Central Plains from the northwest. the Yellow Emperor and the Yan Emperor gradually merged with the tribes living in the East and part of the tribes living in the south, forming the Chinese nationality in the spring and Autumn period, which was called the Han nationality after the Han Dynasty. Among the nationalities and tribes in the Central Plains at that time, the Huangdi nationality had a stronger power and a higher culture, so the Huangdi nationality became the representative of the Central Plains culture. Emperor Yanhuang became the ancestor of the Han nationality. Also known as the ancestor of the Chinese nation. Therefore, people often call the Chinese nation "descendants of the Yellow Emperor" or "descendants of the Yellow Emperor". The descendants of Yanhuang became synonymous with the Chinese nation.

Folklore

In a large number of myths and legends, the person with the greatest ability and invention is the Yellow Emperor. It is said that he invented cars, boats, pots, mirrors and crossbows. It is also said that the Yellow Emperor asked Cangjie to create characters, Linglun to make music rules, Dazao to make Jiazi, and Qibo to write medical books. It is said that the Huangdi and Yandi people first lived in Shaanxi. The Huangdi nationality finally settled near Zhuolu, Hebei Province. Emperor Yan finally arrived in today's Shandong area. Chiyou is the leader of the Jiuli nationality. The Jiuli people live mainly in Shandong, Henan and Anhui. It is said that Yandi and Jiuli had a war in order to fight for a piece of fertile land in the Yellow River Basin. The Yandi people were defeated and asked for help from the Huangdi people. Huang and Yan were combined. according to the above myths and legends, it can be seen that the three tribes of Huangdi, Yandi and Jiuli are gradually dominated by Huangdi and integrated with each other, and Huangdi has become the common ancestor of China's multi-ethnic countries. Later, all ethnic groups believed that they were descendants of the Yellow Emperor, and called them "descendants of the Yellow Emperor".

Historical development

"Descendants of the Yellow River" is a self title that Chinese at home and abroad are proud of. The word really appeared and was widely used in the late Qing Dynasty, but its rudiments such as "after Huang Yan", "descendants of Yanhuang Miao" and "descendants of Huangdi" appeared as early as the Warring States period, Qin and Han Dynasties. These are the different forms of expression of "descendants of Yanhuang" in different times and different contexts. "Guoyu · Jinyu" says: "in the past, Shaodian married Youyu and gave birth to Huangdi and Yandi. The yellow emperor made it with Ji Shui, and the Yan Emperor made it with Jiang Shui. " In the Yan and Huang dynasties, there were no words, nor could there be such terms as "descendants of the Yellow Emperor" or "descendants of the Yellow Emperor", but they laid a solid foundation for the emergence of such terms in later generations.

Spring and autumn and Warring States Period

During the spring and Autumn period and the Warring States period, the princes vied for hegemony, and the scholars argued that "most secular people respect the past but despise the present. Therefore, those who are Taoists must entrust them to Shennong and the Yellow Emperor, and then they can enter the theory. " (Huainanzi xiuwuxun) Confucius praised the Yellow Emperor as "born for the benefit of the people for a hundred years, died for the fear of the people for a hundred years, and died for the education of the people for a hundred years". Zhuangzi believed that "the highest place in the world is the Yellow Emperor.". According to the book of Fengchan in historical records, "Duke Ling of Qin made a sacrifice to the Yellow Emperor for Wu Yang Shangyi

Chinese PinYin : yán huáng zǐ sūn