The day is near, Chang'an is far away(rì jìn cháng ān yuǎn)

The day is near, Chang'an is far away

From Shishuoxinyu, it refers to yearning for the imperial capital but not coming to it. It means that the cause of fame is not successful, and the hope and ideal can not be realized

origin

original text

In Su Hui, a new account of the world written by Liu Yiqing of the Southern Song Dynasty, "when the emperor of Jin and Ming was several years old, sitting on the knee of the Yuan emperor, someone came from Chang'an. When the Yuan emperor asked Luo for the news, he burst into tears. When Emperor Ming asked why he cried, he told him that he wanted to go eastward, because he asked Emperor Ming, "what do you mean by Chang'an?" And he said, "the day is far away. I didn't know anyone was coming from the sun. " Emperor yuan was different. Tomorrow, at the banquet of the group of ministers, I would like to tell you this. I would like to ask more about it and say, "the day is coming." Emperor yuan lost his color and said, "Why are you so different from yesterday's words?" He said, "lift up your eyes to see the sun, but not Chang'an."

translation

When Emperor Jinming (SIMA Shao) was a few years old, sitting on the knee of emperor Jinyuan (SIMA Rui), someone came from Chang'an. Emperor yuan asked the news of Luoyang and wept after hearing it. Emperor Ming asked him why he was crying, and emperor yuan told him in detail why he wanted to go eastward. Emperor yuan asked Emperor Ming, "which do you think is far between Chang'an and the sun?" Emperor Ming replied, "the sun is far away. I haven't heard of anyone coming from the sun. We can know from this." Emperor yuan was surprised. The next day, emperor yuan called the officials to hold a banquet, told them about it, and asked him again, but he replied, "the sun is near." Emperor yuan was surprised, his face changed color and said, "Why are you different from what you said yesterday?" Emperor Ming replied, "if you look up, you can only see the sun, but not Chang'an."

interpretation

The emperor of Jin and Ming said that when he looked up, he could see the sun, but Chang'an was far away. Later, he used the metaphor of "day near Chang'an far away" to describe yearning for the imperial capital but not coming to it, which implied that the cause of fame failed and the hope and ideal could not be realized, and used the metaphor of "Chang'an day" to describe the emperor and the imperial capital.

Examples

[day near Chang'an and far away] Xin Qiji's poem "magpie bridge immortal and fan Xianzhi send you's younger brother back to Fuliang" says: "don't be greedy for the wind and the moon to lie in the lake. The road to Chang'an is far away when the day is near." Wang Shifu's the first book of the romance of the Western chamber is the first fold: "the eyes are close to the sky, and the day is near and far from Chang'an." Kong Shangren's "Peach Blossom Fan" is the third and eighth: "stepping on the white mule, the empty River and the wild road, the cry moves Jiuyuan. The day is near, Chang'an is far away. Whip, the cloud refers to the palace [Chang'an is far away from Japan] LI Ling's Shangshu of Bao Yin and Yi: "as the king of Jin said, Chang'an is far away from the sun; Yang Xiong said, Jiaozhou lies in the sky." "Chang'an is far away from the sun, and he wanders alone when scratching his head," Cui Tu wrote in his poem "spring day ascends the gate of Wu." [Chang'an yuan] Wen Tingyun's poem "send Cui Lang Zhong to the curtain" says: "if you miss me, I will talk about Chang'an yuan, and Jiang Yue will follow you everywhere." Zhang Xiaoxiang's poem "dianjianglip" said: "the Yutan spring is full of glass, and the Yutan spring is full of glass. The wind blows in the clouds, but Chang'an is far away. " Chu Yong's poem "Xijiang moon · Title: the ancestral hall of Lu Xianweng in Handan" reads: "the road to Chang'an is far away in the west, and the spring breeze leads to the desolation of Zhao Guotai." [missing Chang'an] Li Bai's poem "climbing the Phoenix Terrace of Jinling" says: "it's always because floating clouds can block out the sun. Missing Chang'an makes people worried." "I don't see Chang'an yet. I'm worried about where you can visit your kind face," Li Yanwu wrote in his poem "Xuanyu, the son of Qu, will go to Guilin and return to give it as a gift." [the day is near] Huang Zunxian's poem "car driving in Kaifeng house" reads: "hold a poem of Chang'an to know that the day is near, and be willing to stay on the river for further extension." [Chang'an day] Du Fu's twelve rhymes of capital construction: "may Chang'an day be wasted and shine on Beiyuan." Li Qiao's poem "the retinue returns to Luo and presents the retinue to the group of officials" says: "it will rain in Luo city, a little far away from Chang'an day." Su Shi's Ci Yun seeing off Cheng Liu's cousin: "thank you Jiangnan old man, read me, see Chang'an day." (2) Emperor Jin and Ming believed that the sun was far away and Chang'an was near. Then he used "Chang'an is near, Chang'an is not far" to indicate that the emperor can reach, and the hope and ideal can be realized. [Chang'an near] the fourth Elegy of Prince Gongyi by Wang Wei: "if Dao Chang'an is near, why don't you come?" Qiu Gu's "night boat · and Chengdu King Cao xunze" CI: "flying toward the sky, clouds make the road. Chang'an is near, but there is no way Zhao Yi "cry Pu letter obituary" poem: "air suspense eye Chang'an near, want to return to the remains of Shu Road difficult." [Chang'an is not far away] Su Shi's poem "Zhang RI Feng" said: "Chang'an is not far away, and Shu visitors are longing for their return. Mo Jiao's name is Zhang RI, and he is called little Emei. "

Chinese PinYin : rì jìn cháng ān yuǎn