heroine(jīn guó yīng xióng)

heroine

In ancient times, noble women often wore a kind of headdress made of silk or hair when holding sacrificial ceremonies. This kind of headdress was called jinnv, and on it were some precious jewelry made of gold beads and jade. There are many kinds and colors of women. For example, those made of long and thin horsetail are called "Jian Mao women"; those made of black in red are called "Gan Dai women". Because of the noble decoration of ancient women, heroines among women are called "heroines", and later generations regard "heroines" as the honorific name of women.

essential information

Female heroes. Women: ancient women's headscarves and hair accessories;

[etymology] the book of Jin states: "to show off the ornaments of a woman is to humiliate her."

It's more formal; it's the subject and the object; it's the heroine;

[basic example] in xuanting yuan · appreciating flowers written by xianglingzi in Qing Dynasty: "new world, old heaven and earth, called jiujuan." ；

Introduction to allusions

Allusion 1

During the Three Kingdoms period, Zhuge Liang, the Prime Minister of Shu, led his troops out of Qishan to attack the state of Wei. Sima Yi, the commander of Wei army, confronted Zhuge Liang in Weinan. Because Zhuge Liang came from a long distance, Sima Yi adopted stalemate tactics. Zhuge Liang knew that this stalemate was extremely unfavorable to the Shu army. When he launched a strong attack, it was difficult for the Wei army to win, but how could he willingly withdraw? So Zhuge Liang came up with a very clever way: he sent people to Weiying to give Sima Yi a "generous gift": a lot of women's headscarves and hair ornaments, and wrote a letter saying that Sima Yi was too timid, a great hero, who had so many generals, did not dare to fight. If he leads the troops to fight, he is a great hero; if he does not dare to fight, he will simply cover his head with a woman's turban and make up with powder to prove that he is an ordinary woman! Sima Yi was very angry, but she still didn't fall into the trap.

Allusion 2

During the Three Kingdoms period, Zhuge Liang, the Prime Minister of Shu, led his troops out of Qishan to attack the state of Wei. Sima Yi, the commander of Wei army, confronted Zhuge Liang in Weinan. Because Zhuge Liang came from a long distance, Sima Yi adopted stalemate tactics. Sima Yi refused to fight because of the repeated challenges and insults of the Shu army. Zhuge Liang knew that this stalemate was extremely unfavorable to the Shu army. When he launched a strong attack, it was difficult for the Northern Wei army to win, but how could he willingly withdraw? So Zhuge Liang came up with a very clever way: he sent people to Weiying to give Sima Yi a "generous gift": a lot of women's headscarves and hair ornaments (hairpin, ring, and powder, etc.), and wrote a letter saying that Sima Yi was too timid, a hero, who had so many generals, did not dare to fight. If he leads the troops to fight, he is a man and a great hero. If he does not dare to fight, he simply covers his head with a woman's turban and makes up with powder to prove that his so-called hero is just an ordinary woman! Sima Yi was very angry, but she still didn't fall into the trap. Therefore, later generations said that Sima Yi was not afraid to be called a woman, and did not lose her heroism. Sima Yi usurped power. Sima Yi, whose name is Zhongda, was born in Wenxian County, Hanoi (now Wenxian County, Henan Province). At first, he was Cao Cao's master and good at strategy. Later, he was the commoner son of the prince, and was trusted by Cao Pi. Cao Pi died and ordered Sima Yi to assist the prince. Sima Yi was good at using troops and repeatedly led troops to fight against the northern expedition of Shu army, which made Zhuge Liang fail to win. After the death of Wei Ming emperor, Sima Yi and Cao Shuang worked together as assistant officials under the imperial edict of Taiwei. When Cao Shuang wanted to seize his power, Sima Yi was alert and killed Cao Shuang, which was known as the "gaopingling incident" in history. In the first year of Jiaping's reign, he was the prime minister, and his sons Sima Shi and Sima Zhao were the only officials.

Women who worship Heroes

Qiu Jin likes to wear men's clothes, which represents the fashion trend of the most awakened women in China at that time. At that time, the symbol of women's awakening was to strive for the same rights as men. Read her "wine", do not know will think that this is written by a man. In fact, most of what men write in China is feminine. More than a thousand years ago, Mrs. Huarui had already scolded: "the flag is lowered on the king's city. What do you know from the deep palace? If 200000 people join in the war, none of them is a man! " Nine hundred years later, Qiu Jin then asked: "dirty world, how many men are wise? It's only when you're a moth. "

In the age of Qiu Jin's life, people have already felt the extreme feminization of China, so a group of chivalrous women have emerged to challenge the traditional society with exaggerated masculine attitude. Qiu Jin is a woman, but she always resists the gender identity given by fate. She hates the sky "hard will Nong, strong send for moth eyebrow, but not disdain!" She said, "the body is not a man, but the heart is stronger than a man." He also declared that "Xiuyan woman is not a British thing, and she sings on the wall of Longquan at night!"

Couplet of Qiujin tomb in Hangzhou

What's the blame for the heroine's benevolence

Pavilion sad wind and rain, although death does not end in freedom

Ancient women

Good woman

The first heroine in Chinese history. The famous female general of Shang Dynasty. The name is good, and "Fu" is a kinship term. Bronze inscriptions are also known as "Hou Mu Xin". The wife of King Wuding of Shang Dynasty. A large number of oracle bone inscriptions unearthed show that in a series of wars between Wuding and the neighboring countries and tribes, Fuhao was ordered to collect soldiers on behalf of the king of Shang for many times and served as a general on the battlefield for many times. He once commanded 13000 troops to attack the Qiang side, captured a large number of Qiang people, and became the general who led the most troops in one battle. He took part in and directed major battles against Turkey, Pakistan, and the barbarians, and was often under the command of the famous generals, such as Chen Gui and Hou Gao. In the battle against Pakistan, he led the troops to set up an ambush, cut off the retreat of the army, and then drove the army into the ambush from the east to annihilate it. It is the earliest ambush recorded in the history of Chinese war. In the Shang Dynasty, when "the great event of the state lies in the worship of Yurong" (the 13th year of Chenggong in Zuozhuan), Fuhao was often ordered to preside over various kinds of ceremonies, such as offering sacrifices to heaven, ancestors, and holy spring. She was also an official of divination and an important member of Wuding ruling group. He led soldiers to suppress slave resistance. He tried his best to maintain the rule and privilege of the slave owners. He was favored by Wu Ding and was granted a place in other places to take on the responsibility of guarding the land and conscription.

Lu Mu

Lu Mu (? ~ A.D. 18) was one of the earliest leaders of the peasant uprising against Wang Mang's rule in Xinmang period. She was also the first female leader of the peasant uprising in Chinese history. She is from Langya Haiqu (now in Rizhao Donggang District). Son Lu Yu, Ren county tour, in charge of a party patrol arrest. In the first year of Tianfeng (A.D. 14) of Wang Mang's new reign, Lu Yu was killed by the county magistrate because he did not punish the people who could not afford to pay taxes according to his instructions. Full of grief and indignation, Lu's mother swore to avenge her son. She took out all her property. After careful planning, she quickly set up a team of hundreds of people to drill troops and wait for the opportunity. In the fourth year of Tianfeng (A.D. 17), Lu Mu ascended to the earth platform at the West foot of Kui mountain to worship heaven, calling herself "general", and led the uprising army to kill Haiqu city. After a fierce battle, the county magistrate was captured alive and put to death. From then on, Lu's mother became famous, and poor peasants all over the world turned to her. Soon, the rebel army grew to tens of thousands. Lu Mu's uprising ignited the torch against Wang Mang's rule, and soon formed a prairie fire sweeping the whole country. In the fifth year of Tianfeng (A.D. 18), Lu Mu died of illness. Most of her soldiers joined the red eyebrow army, and the rest of them joined the peasant uprising army, such as Qingdu and Tongma.

Hua Mulan

Hua Mulan: surname Wei, name Mulan. In the Sui Dynasty, Hua Mulan was born in Huangpi District, Wuhan City, Hubei Province. During the reign of Yi Ning, Emperor Gong of the Sui Dynasty, the Turks invaded the border. Mulan disguised herself as a man and joined the army on behalf of her father. She fought in the battlefield for 12 years. No one found that she was a woman. After returning to the court, she was granted the Title of minister. In Tang Dynasty, he was granted the title of "Xiaolie general". When I had the opportunity to work and visit Huangpi District (formerly a county) of Wuhan City, I suddenly learned that Mulan's hometown was in Huangpi. After a careful visit, the majestic Mulan mountain is dotted in the mountains and waters of Huangpi, on which there is a Mulan hall; lixindian has a general temple and a Mulan tomb; BEIXIANG (Shuanglong town) has the hometown of Mulan; and the memorial Mulan Lake, etc., forming a colorful Mulan culture chain. In China, where there are many historical works, the records of Mulan are not detailed, but they are also magnificent. The earliest written record of Mulan's ability can be traced back to the Northern Wei Dynasty, which can be found in Mulan Ci of the Southern Dynasty. By the Song Dynasty, it was included in xiwenyuan, Wenyuan Yinghua and Yuefu Poetry Collection. Since the Republic of China, it has become a primary and secondary school text. Du Mu, a great poet of the Tang Dynasty, once went to Huangpi and wrote a beautiful and charming poem titled Mulan Temple: "when you fight with a bow, you are a man. In your dream, you used to fight with a thrush. After several times of yearning for home, I still drink wine. I wish Princess Ming on fuyundui (see Anthology of Fan Chuan). In the poem, it is said that Mulan took part in the battle with a man dressed up as her daughter. She thought about home on the frontier fortress and went to the tomb of Princess Ming Zhaojun (fuyundui, the tomb of Zhaojun in Inner Mongolia). This poem was completed in the third year of Huichang in Tang Dynasty. "Huangpi county annals" records: Tang Wuzong Huichang three years, Du Mu visit Mulan mountain. This poem shows that the worship of Mulan in Huangpi was very popular in the Tang Dynasty. No wonder Cheng Dachang, a famous Confucian in the Song Dynasty, read this poem and expressed his emotion in Yan fan Lu: "when you look at Du Mu's poem, you can see that it has both the temple appearance and the girl's work, but there is a real person. What a difference!" This poem is the earliest record of Mulan's deeds in Huangpi.

In recent years, Huangpi District has carried out a solid collection and research of historical facts, historical materials and historical sites, and Huang Li has written "three examinations of general Hua Mulan". He pointed out that Mulan was from the Han Dynasty and lived in Huangpi. Especially in the investigation of historical sites, it is mentioned that Shuanglong town in Huangpi District (dachengtan village, Yaoji town in the north of today's Mulan mountain) has many cultural relics from the Zhou Dynasty to the Six Dynasties, and the biography of mulanqi women in ancient books says: "Mulan, surnamed Zhu, is a native of Shuanglong town in Xiling county (today's Huangpi), Huangzhou Prefecture, Huguang

Chinese PinYin : jīn guó yīng xióng