expound the texts of Buddhism(jiǎng jīng shuō fǎ)

expound the texts of Buddhism

It's good to talk about classics. The preaching of monks was first seen in the book of Jin. Kumarashi preached in Caotang temple. See Seng Lu Si Tiao.

The Dharma Sutra says, "the king of the saints is moralizing." Fahua Xuanyi six said: "all dharmas can't be shown, words are silenced, so it can be said because of the reason."

Prajna paramita Sutra

Buddhist classics. It is short for Prajna Heart Sutra or Heart Sutra. Tang Xuanzang's translation is written by Zhiren. 1 volume. It is the essence of Prajna Sutra. Before Xuan Zang's translation, there was a wrong translation of mahaprajna Paramita Mantra (the old title of mahaprajna paramita Daming mantra Sutra), which was translated by kumarashi. There are six different versions: 1) Tang fayue's translation of the Heart Sutra of Prajna paramita; 2) Tang Prajna and Liyan's translation of the Heart Sutra of Prajna paramita; 3) Tang Zhihui's translation of the Heart Sutra of Prajna paramita; 4) Tang facheng's translation of the Heart Sutra of Prajna paramita; 5) Dunhuang's translation of the Heart Sutra of Prajna paramita; 6) song Shihu's translation of the Heart Sutra of Prajna paramita Luomi Duojing. Among them, Xuanzang's version, the lost version and Dunhuang's version are "small versions" with only the text; the rest are "wide versions", which are orderly, correct and circulating. Xuanzang's translation is a popular one. The 260 word Scripture expounds the Buddhist principles of emptiness of five connotations, three branches, four truths, and twelve karma, which is attributed to "no gain" (not to be obtained). It holds that Prajna can overcome all hardships, achieve nirvana, and prove Bodhi fruit. Because of its short and concise text, it is easy to recite and is very popular in both mainland China and Tibet. In modern times, it was translated into many languages and spread all over the world. There are two kinds of extant Sanskrit editions of this Sutra: the wide edition found in Nepal and the small edition of various biographical manuscripts preserved in Japan. The Japanese hand copied version of Baya Vatican was made after 609. In addition, seven versions of the Heart Sutra were also found in Dunhuang. Among them, the wide version is the same as the Tibetan Tripitaka, but different from the small version. It is said that there are more than 200 kinds of annotations. According to the records, there are more than 40 kinds of writings in China alone. The most famous ones are India's Diva's annotation of the Heart Sutra (Volume 1); China's Tang Xinluo monk Yuance's praise of the Heart Sutra (Volume 1); mingkuang's slightly sparse Heart Sutra (Volume 1); Huijing's slightly sparse Heart Sutra (Volume 1) (discovered in Dunhuang); peeping base's praise of the Heart Sutra (Volume 2); fazang's slightly sparse Heart Sutra (Volume 1); Song Zhiyuan's slightly sparse Heart Sutra (Volume 1); Japan's Konghai's secret key of the Heart Sutra (Volume 2); the most clear interpretation of the Heart Sutra (Volume 1), Zhenxing There are 1 volume of Xin Jing Lue Shi and 1 volume of zongchun's Xin Jing Zhu.

Vajra Sutra

Buddhist classics. Its full name is nengduan Vajra Prajna paramita Sutra, also known as Vajra Prajna paramita Sutra. It's called the Diamond Sutra for short. It was first translated by later Qin jiumoluoshi in the fourth year of Hongshi (402). 1 volume. After that, there were five translations: ① Vajra Prajna paramita Sutra translated by Bodhi Liuzhi in the Northern Wei Dynasty; ② Vajra Prajna paramita Sutra translated by Chen Zhendi in the Southern Dynasty; ③ Vajra can break Prajna paramita Sutra translated by Sui damogpta; ④ Vajra can break Prajna paramita Sutra translated by Tang Xuanzang (the ninth meeting of dabanrujing); and ⑤ Vajra can break Prajna paramita Sutra translated by Tang Yijing Many classics. In addition, there are Tibetan and Manchu versions. This sutra is based on the principle of one reality, takes wuzhu as its religion, takes judging doubts as its function, and takes Mahayana as its teaching aspect. The four verses at the end of the volume: "all Dharma is like a dream, like a bubble, like dew, like electricity, and should be observed as it is", which is called the essence of Yijing. It means that all things in the world are illusory and unreal, and those who are real are non real. It holds that we should "stay away from all aspects" and "have no place to live", that is, we should not be persistent or nostalgic to the real world. Because this sutra is based on emptiness and wisdom, which says that all dharmas have no reason for self. Its length is moderate, not too vast, and not too brief. Therefore, it has always been widely spread, especially for the Zen after Huineng. The Sanskrit version of Vajrayana Sutra has been found in China, Japan, Pakistan, Central Asia and other places. In Turpan and other places in China, there are translations of Khotan, Sogdian and other languages. After it was introduced into the west, it was translated into many languages. In 1837, it was first translated into German according to the Tibetan translation. In 1881, Max Muller revised the Chinese, Japanese and Tibetan versions and translated them into English, which is included in Volume 49 of the holy book of the Orient. In 1957, Edward Cantor translated it into English again and included it in volume 8 of the Oriental series of Rome. Dardu translated into French according to Sanskrit and Chinese Manchu translation. Japan's hiroi, Nakamura, etc. have repeatedly translated into Japanese. There are many interpretations. In India, in addition to the 80 verses of Maitreya, there are two volumes of Vajra Prajna Sutra, three volumes of Vajra Prajna paramita Sutra and two volumes of Vajra Prajna paramita Sutra. In addition, shiziyue and yueguan also wrote some commentaries, but there was no Chinese translation. From the Eastern Jin Dynasty, Sui and Tang Dynasties to the late Qing Dynasty and the early Republic of China, there were many writings. There are mainly: 1 volume of notes on Vajra Sutra by Seng Zhao of the later Qin Dynasty; 4 volumes of Yishu of Vajra Sutra (6 volumes in one book) collected by Sui Ji, 1 volume of Zhiyi's Vajra Sutra; 3 volumes of Zhushu of Vajra Sutra by Tang Huijing, 2 volumes of Zhiyan, 2 volumes of zanshu of Vajra Sutra by Kan Ji, 2 volumes of Jieyi of Vajra Sutra by Huineng; 1 volume of formula of Vajra Sutra, 2 volumes of zuoyao of Zuomi on Vajra Sutra; Song Zirui There are four volumes in the same journal of Vajra Sutra, two volumes in the interpretation of Vajra Sutra by Xu huaiting in Qing Dynasty, and notes on Vajra Sutra by Ding Fubao. In Japan, there are 1 volume of Konghai's Vajrayana Sutra solution, 3 volumes of Fashu's Vajrayana sutra translation and mutual verification, 1 volume of Guangqian's Vajrayana Sutra breaking the void and discussing the common customs, and 1 volume of ranga Taoist's Vajrayana Sutra handout

Amitabha Sutra

Buddhist classics. It is also called xiaowuliangshoujing, or Xiaojing for short. Together with wuliangshoujing and guanwuliangshoujing, they are called three pure land sutras. It is generally believed that it was popular in Gandhara area during the period of India's kuixiang Dynasty from the 1st century to the 2nd century. The Chinese version was first translated by jiumoloshi of the later Qin Dynasty. 1 volume. There are two different versions: one volume of xiaowuliangshoujing translated by qiunaduoluo in the Southern Dynasty (lost) and one volume of praising pure land Buddha's acceptance Sutra translated by Xuanzang in the Tang Dynasty. Sanskrit was introduced into Japan from China in the 9th century. In modern times, it was published in the London School Journal by Max Muller and Nan Tiao Wenxiong. It was translated into English in 1894 and published in Volume 49 of the holy book of the Orient. In Japan, there are several Japanese versions based on Sanskrit, Chinese and Tibetan. Takahata also translated kumarashi's Chinese version into English in 1979. In addition, there are also two versions of the Sutra of Amitabha in Sanskrit and Chinese, and five versions of wuliangshou Sutra in Sanskrit and Chinese. Although the Tibetan version of the Sutra is translated from Sanskrit, it has been influenced by the original religious thoughts in Tibet. Amitabha is the name of the Pure Land Sect. Buddhism says that he is the leader of the Western Paradise and can lead the Buddhists to the "Western Pure Land", so he is also called "Jieyin Buddha". He was originally a king. Later, he gave up his throne and became a monk. He was named fazang bhikkhu and made 48 vows to Buddha. His deeds were successful and his wishes were fulfilled. He has a bright life. In this sutra, the Buddha told Sariputra about the supreme solemnity of the Western Paradise in the lonely garden of only trees: there are trees and pavilions decorated with seven treasures, pools of eight virtues, delicate lotus flowers of various colors, and birds with natural sounds; all living beings suffer from all kinds of music without suffering; as long as they recite the name of Amitabha Buddha wholeheartedly, they can go to this place after death. Because the Chinese translation of this sutra is only about 2000 words, it is easy to recite, and the method of practice is simple, so it is widely spread in China and has a great influence. It has become a must read textbook for pure land believers every day. After the song and Ming Dynasties, it became a daily course in temples, and the influence of the pure land sect was also growing with the spread of this sutra. The existing annotations in China mainly include Sui Zhiyi's Amitabha Sutra Yiji (Volume 1), Tang Huijing's Amitabha Sutra Yishu (Volume 1), jueji's Amitabha Sutra Yishu (Volume 1) and Amitabha Sutra tongzanshu (Volume 3), song Zhiyuan's Amitabha Sutra Yishu (Volume 1), Yuan Zhao's Amitabha Sutra Yishu (Volume 1), Jiedu's Amitabha Sutra Yishu wenzhiji (Volume 3), and yuanxingcheng's Amitabha Sutra sentence explanation 1 volume; Ming Dayou's Amitabha Sutra brief explanation 1 volume; chuandeng's Amitabha Sutra brief explanation yuanzhongchao 2 volume; Yihong's Amitabha Sutra shuchao 4 volume; Dahui's Amitabha Sutra jijue 1 volume; Zhixu's Amitabha Sutra Yaojie 1 volume; Qingxu huaiting's Amitabha Sutra shuchao pick 1 volume; Jingting's Amitabha Sutra Tongxiang 1 volume; continuation's Amitabha Sutra brief notes 1 volume; pengjiqing's Amitabha Sutra In modern times, Huang Zhihai's interpretation of Amitabha Sutra in vernacular was included. In addition, there are a variety of commentaries on Xinluo Yuance, yuanxiao, Dunlun, Jingxing, Xuanyi, Taixian, and Japan Yuanxin, yuankong, Shengcong, etc.

Chinese PinYin : jiǎng jīng shuō fǎ