stratagem of " kill him through his way(jiǎ tú miè guó)

stratagem of " kill him through his way

As a Chinese idiom, the Pinyin is Ji ǎ t ú mi è Gu ó, which means to destroy the country in the name of borrowing road. It comes from Zuo Zhuan, the second year of Duke Fu.

Idiom explanation

Guo: the vassal states in the spring and Autumn period, located in Pinglu of Shanxi Province and Sanmenxia of Henan Province. To destroy the country in the name of borrowing roads.

The origin of Idioms

In Zuo Zhuan, the second year of Duke Fu, it is said that "in the Jin Dynasty, Xunzi should take advantage of Qu's production, and take advantage of Chuji's Bi, and make a false path to Yu to cut Guo."

Idioms and allusions

In the early spring and Autumn period, the state of Jin came to Xiangong to expand its army and territory. In order to capture the important place of kuohan, Duke Xian of Jin decided to attack Guo in the South (Shangyang, the capital of the state, is now in Shanxian County of Henan Province). However, Yu (now in the west of the mountain and in the north of Lu) was the only way to attack Guo. Fearing that the two countries would unite to fight against Jin, Jin adopted the strategy of Xun Xi, a senior official, to attack Guo by way of Yu first, and then wait for an opportunity to destroy Yu. In the 19th year of King Hui of Zhou Dynasty (658 BC), Duke Xian of Jin sent Xun Xi to present precious gifts such as jade and horses to Duke Yu, asking to attack Guo by way. Duke Yu was greedy for profits, but he was also confused by xunxi's rhetoric, so he did not listen to the minister's advice. He not only agreed to take the road, but also volunteered to be the pioneer of attacking Guo. In the summer of that year, the Allied forces of Jin and Yu conquered Xiayang, an important town of the Guo State (now the west of the mountain and the land), which made Jin control the main road between Guo and Yu. In the 22nd year, Jin planned to borrow from Yu again. Gong Zhiqi explained that Guo and Yu were geographically connected and had a stake in each other. When Guo and Yu died, they would die. He advised Yu Gong not to agree to take the road. However, Duke Yu believed that Jin and Yu were of the same clan and would not deceive each other. On October 17, the Jin army besieged Shangyang, the capital of Guodu (now Lijiayao village on the North Bank of qinglongjian River in Sanmenxia City, Henan Province). At the beginning of December, the city was destroyed. The later Jin Dynasty's class teacher temporarily lived in Guo State for rest. Taking advantage of Yu, the Jin army launched a surprise attack, captured Yu Gong and destroyed his country. The bitter lesson of Guo and Yu's subjugation strengthened the thought of the weak countries uniting to fight against the strong countries. Although the scale of the war was not large, it revealed some important laws of military struggle and left important enlightenment and lessons for later generations. In Lu's spring and Autumn Annals, Duke Xian of Jin wanted to attack Guo State, but he had to pass by Yu state to go to Guo State. So he sent xunxi to borrow the road from the state of Yu in order to attack the state of Guo. Xunxi said, "please give the horse from Chuiji and Qudi as a gift to Duke Yu. If you ask for a way, Duke Yu will agree." Duke Xian of Jin said: "the Bi of the hanging spine is a treasure handed down by the former king; the good horse produced by Qudi is my mount. What if they accept our gift and don't lend us the way? " Xunxi said: "this will not happen. If they do not lend us the way, they will not accept our gifts. If they accept our gifts, they will certainly lend us the way. Besides, to give the horse of Chuiji's biqu estate to the state of Yu is like us to transfer Chuiji's biqu estate from the inner government to the outer government, and to lead the horse of Qudi estate from the inner stables to the outer stables. What's to worry about? " Duke Xian of Jin agreed, and sent xunxi to give the good horse produced by Qudi as a gift. In addition, he gave the Bi of Chuiji to the state of Yu to attack the state of Guo. As soon as he saw Baoyu and Junma, Duke Yu agreed to xunxi. Gong Zhiqi advised Yu Jun: "you can't agree. Yu and Guo are just like Che Ya and Che Fu. Che Ya depends on Che Fu, and Che Fu also depends on Che ya. This is the situation where Yu and Guo depend on each other. There is an ancient saying: "if you have no lips, your teeth will feel cold." (the origin of the interdependence of lips and teeth) the Guo State did not perish by the state of Yu; the Yu state did not perish by the state of Guo. If we lend the way to Jin, Guo will perish in the morning and Yu will perish in the evening. How can we borrow the road to the state of Jin? " Yu Gong didn't listen to Gong Zhiqi and lent his way to the Jin army. Xun Xi led the troops to destroy the Guo State. The second army destroyed the state of Yu. Xunxi came back with Yubi and his horse to report to the Duke of Jin. Xian Gong said happily, "Yubi is the same as before, but the horse is a little older." Therefore, small profits are the bane of big profits. The original text: in the past, xunxi, an envoy of Jin Xiangong, pretended to be a Taoist in Yu to attack Guo. Xunxi said, "please take advantage of the Bi of Chuji and Qu Chan to bribe Yu Gong. If you want to seek a Taoist, you will get it. Xiangong said, "the jade of my husband's spine is the treasure of my former monarch, and the horse of a few people is the ride of my yield.". What will you do if you accept my money but not my false way? Xun Xi said, "No. If I don't pretend, I will not accept it. If you accept me and leave me the way, you will take the inner government and hide the outer government, and you will take the inner soap and hide the outer soap. What's wrong with you? "To offer it to the public. But xunxi took quchan's multiplication as the court's reality, and used it as the Bi of Chuji, and used it as a false way to defeat Guo. Yu Gong indulged in treasure and horse. Gong Zhiqi remonstrated, "it's not allowed. Yu Zhi and Guo also, if the car has auxiliary also, the car depends on auxiliary, auxiliary also depends on the car, Yu, Guo's potential is also. The ancients said, "the lips are exhausted and the teeth are cold. The survival of Fu Guo also depends on Yu, and the survival of Yu also depends on Guo. If it is false, the Guo Dynasty will fall and Yu Xi will follow it. How can it be false? "The way of Yu Gong Fu's listening, but not pretending. Xun Xi attacked Guo and conquered it. He also attacked Yu and conquered it. Xun Xicao Bi leads the horse to report. Xian Gong said happily, "Bi is still the same, and horse's teeth are thin and long. "So it's called small profit, and it's the remnant of big profit. Detailed introduction to Lu's spring and Autumn Annals the fifth year of Duke Fu in Zuozhuan records that Jin State borrowed the road from Yu state to attack Guo State, and destroyed Yu state on the way back to the army after destroying Guo State. Later, the term "destroying Guo by pretending to pass" generally refers to the actual plan to destroy the other party in the name of borrowing a road from the other party. Chapter 56 of the romance of the Three Kingdoms: "Xuande asked how. Kong Ming said, "this is a plan to destroy Guo by passing through the country. It is a plan to collect Sichuan under the false name, but Jingzhou in reality." Yang Shen of the Ming Dynasty wrote in Dian Zai Ji: "killing the tiger's son and feeding the tiger's mother, sniping the chestnut and deceiving the king himself, destroying the Guo by deception, offering the Bi to swallow the Yu and printing the jade book with gold are the bait for fishing." background of the war although the scale of the war is small, it reveals some important laws of military struggle and leaves important enlightenment and lessons for later generations. At the beginning of the spring and Autumn period, the princes stood side by side. The state of Jin, located in the Central Plains, was constantly annexing and conquering small countries in this big melee of the jungle, and its power rose rapidly. During the reign of Duke Xian of Jin, the two small states in the south, Guo and Yu, were set as the targets of annexation. However, it is not so easy for the state of Jin to achieve this goal smoothly. Although Guo and Yu had a narrow land, few people and weak national strength, they had the same surname and formed an alliance. The beginning of a war between Jin and any one of them means that they have to compete with the division of the two countries at the same time. How to break up the alliance between Guo and Yu to avoid being trapped in the two front war is the first problem that Jin must solve in the military action of annexing the two countries. Finally, Xun Xi, a senior official of the state of Jin, came up with an ingenious plan to kill two birds with one stone: bribe Yu Gong with generous gifts and treasures, break up the alliance between Guo and Yu, attack Guo by pretending to Yu, and try again after Yu's fall. After listening to Xun Xi's offer, Duke Xian of Jin thought that the stratagem was very good, but he still had some worries. One was that he was reluctant to give up his treasure, and the other was that he was afraid that the noble official of the state of Yu would expose the intention of the state of Jin. In view of the hesitation of Duke Xian of Jin, xunxi explained it properly one by one, pointing out that sending the treasure to the state of Yu is equivalent to storing it there temporarily and taking it back sooner or later. As for Gong Zhiqi, although he has some abilities, his opinions may not be accepted by Duke Yu, which is not enough for him to be afraid. The words dispelled Xiangong's last worry, and he decided to act according to xunxi's plan. Soon after the realization of the stratagem, xunxi went to the state of Yu with a good horse, beautiful jade and other treasures. When he got there, he met with Duke Yu, offered his treasures, and formally asked him to attack Guo through the way. Yu Gong was greedy for profits and accepted good horses and beautiful jade, but he did not dare to offend the state of Jin easily. So he agreed that the army of the state of Jin would invade the state of Guo through the land of the state of Yu, and expressed his willingness to send troops to assist the state of Jin in fighting. Gong Zhiqi thought it was very wrong, so he tried to remonstrate him. But Yu Gong couldn't listen to it at all. He just went his own way and tried to get into the trap of the Jin people. In the summer of 658 B.C., the Jin officials Rick and Xun Xi led the Jin army to attack the Guo State through the land of the state of Yu. In accordance with the agreement, the Duke of Yu sent his army to join forces with the Jin army, and then cooperated with the Jin army to carry out military operations. With the active cooperation of the Yu army, the Jin army made a smooth progress. It soon occupied Xiayang (now shanxiping land) of the Guo State and controlled the strategic area between Guo and Yu at one stroke. Through this, it further found out the reality of Guo and Yu and created conditions for the next action. Three years later, Duke Xian of Jin once again asked the state of Yu to take the road to attack Guo. At this time, Gong Zhiqi, the official of the state of Yu, saw the sinister intention behind the "false way" more clearly. It is pointed out that "if Guo State perishes, Yu state will be doomed.". Warning Yu Gong "Jin can't open, Kou can't play.". This paper tries to dissuade the state of Yu from pretending to be in Jin Dynasty with the benefit of Guo and Yu. However, Yu Gong wanted to benefit himself, so he didn't take Gong Zhiqi's advice at all. Instead, he took Jin as his country with the same surname and would not harm himself. He agreed to Jin's request. Seeing that the state of Yu was dying, Gong Zhiqi led his people to flee the state of Yu to avoid disaster. This time, Duke Xian of Jin personally led the army to attack the Guo State through the state of Yu, and his momentum was far greater than that of the previous time. It can be seen that he was determined to win. The Jin army made rapid progress and soon came to the city of Shangyang, the capital of Guodu (now Shanxian County in Henan Province) and besieged it. The weak and helpless Guo State was destroyed by the Jin army a few months later. Duke Chou of Guo led his family members to break through the encirclement and rush to the capital (now Luoyang). The Jin army then returned to the division triumphantly. When they were stationed in Yudi, they took advantage of it

Chinese PinYin : jiǎ tú miè guó