rely on one another as cheek and jowl(fǔ chē xiāng yī)

rely on one another as cheek and jowl

As a Chinese idiom, Pinyin is f ǔ ch ē Xi ā ngy ī, which means like cheek bones and gums, they are interdependent and closely related. It comes from Zuo Zhuan, the fifth year of Duke Fu.

The origin of Idioms

In Zuo Zhuan, the fifth year of the Duke of Fu, it is said that "if the saying goes that" the auxiliary vehicles depend on each other, the lips are dead and the teeth are cold, "Yu and Guo are also called It's not the right time to talk about political parties, but if you think about it, it's not the right time to talk about political parties. (to Liang Qichao by Zhang Binglin)

Idiom story

In the past, Xun Xi, an envoy of Jin Xiangong, made a false way in Yu (Y ú) to defeat Guo (U ó). Xun Xi said: "please use the Bi of Chuiji and the Cheng of quchan to bribe Duke Yu. If you want to seek the false way, you will get it." Xian Gong said, "my husband is the treasure of my former monarch. If I accept my money and don't cheat me, what will I do?" Xun Xi said: "otherwise, if he doesn't pretend to me, he won't accept me. If he accepts me and pretends to me, he will take neifu and hide Waifu, and take neizao and write waizao. What's wrong with you When he offered the public promise, he made Xun Xi take the opportunity of Qu's property as the court reality, and use the Bi of Chuji to attack Guo with the false way of Yu. Yu Gong indulged in treasure and horse, and wanted to make it. Gong Zhiqi remonstrated: "it's not allowed. Yu Zhi and Guo also, if the car has auxiliary also. The chariot depended on the chariot, and the chariot also depended on the chariot. The ancients said: "the lips are exhausted and the teeth are cold." The survival of Fu (f ú) Guo also depends on (SH ì) Yu; the survival of Yu also depends on Guo. If it is a false way, then the Guo Dynasty will fall and Yu Xi will follow it. How can it be a false way? " Yu Gong's way of listening and pretending. Xun Xi attacked Guo and conquered it; he also attacked Yu and conquered it. Xun Xicao Bi leads the horse to report. Xian Gong said happily, "Bi is still there, and horse's teeth are thin and long." Therefore, he said, "small profits are the remnant of big profits."

notes

(1) The past: in the past. (2) Duke Xian of Jin: the king of Jin in the Zhou Dynasty, surnamed Ji and named Guizhu. Jin, in today's Shanxi and Southern Hebei area. Xun Xi: Jin people, word Xi, Xian Gong when the official to the doctor. Fake way: borrow the way. Yu (Y ú): the name of Zhou Dynasty, in the northeast of Pinglu County, Shanxi Province. Guo (ɡ u ó): the name of Zhou Dynasty, in today's Pinglu County, Shanxi Province. (3) Chuiji (J í): ancient place name. In today's Shanxi, the jade produced is very precious. Qu Chan: ancient place name, in today's Shanxi, famous for horse production. Take (SH è n ɡ): quantifier, refers to the ancient four horse chariot. This refers to the horse. Bribe (L): bribe or bribe others with property. (5) the former monarch: the former monarch. (6) few people: the ancient monarch claimed that he was modest and had few virtues. Jun: good horse. (7) coin: gift. No, I said: don't lend me the way. Don't accept: don't accept us. (9) it's Jude: it's like. (10) soap: manger. Zhu ó: set, put. XI: pronoun, what. P: worry. (12) court reality: display the contributions and gifts in the court. Abuse: no choice, no moderation. Here we should talk about greed. (14) palace of strange: Yu's doctor (ancient official name). Admonishment: it used to be used to admonish monarchs and elders to correct mistakes. (15) auxiliary: cheekbones. (16) ancestors: predecessors. (17) exhaustion: loss. (18) Fu (f ú): the initial auxiliary word, also known as the utterance. (19) rely on (SH ì): rely on, rely on. (20): pronoun, here refers to the state of Jin. (21) Naihe: how. G: victory. (23) take it. (24) still. (25) horse teeth: the age of a horse. Because horses have more teeth with age. Thin length: increase. (26) remnant: harm. This sentence in Xianwen comes from an allusion of the spring and Autumn period. In the spring and Autumn period, there were Guo and Yu, two small neighboring states of Jin. The state of Jin wanted to annex the two small countries and planned to attack the state of Guo first. However, if the Jin Army wanted to go to Guo State, it had to pass through Yu state first. If the state of Yu sent troops to block it, or even united with the state of Guo to fight against Jin, Jin, though strong, would not succeed. Xun Xi, a doctor of the state of Jin, suggested to Duke Xian of Jin: "we will give the famous horse of Qudi and the beautiful jade of Chui Ji as gifts to Duke Yu, asking for the passage of our army. It is estimated that the treasure greedy Yu guild will agree to take the passage for us." Duke Xian of Jin said, "this Ma Meiyu is two treasures of the state of Jin. How can we give it to anyone?" Xun Xi said with a smile: "as long as the event is successful, if the treasure is given to Duke Yu for the time being, it's not the same as putting it in his own home." Duke Xian of Jin understood that this was Xun Xi's plan, so he sent him to see Duke Yu with mingma and Meiyu. Gong Zhiqi, a senior official of the state of Yu, knew what xunxi was coming for, so he advised the Duke of Yu not to agree to the request of the Jin army, saying: "Guo and Yu are two countries, one in appearance, one in Li, one in lip and one in tooth. If the state of Guo perishes, the state of Yu will not be able to survive." "Fu" here refers to the cheek, and "Che" refers to the bone of the tooth. Buccal and dental chariot bone, it is one exterior one inside, depend on each other, so call "auxiliary car depends on each other". Lips and teeth are also dependent on each other. If lips do not exist and teeth lose their shelter, they will suffer from cold. Therefore, it is called "lips die and teeth are cold", also called "lips and teeth depend on each other". It's a pity that Yu Gong, a short-sighted and greedy man, didn't listen to Gong Zhiqi's good advice. Instead, he believed in Jin's conspiracy and deception. He not only agreed to "borrow the way", but also was willing to send troops to help Jin's army and fight Guo together. Gong Zhiqi expected that his motherland would die and could not be saved, so he had to take his family and flee to the state of CaO as soon as possible. In this way, with the generous help of Duke Yu, Duke Xian of Jin easily destroyed Guo State. When the Jin army came back from victory, it was stationed in the state of Yu, saying that it was necessary to reorganize the troops and stay for a period of time, but the Duke of Yu was not on guard. Soon, the Jin army launched a sudden attack, and the state of Yu was destroyed. Duke Yu was captured. The famous horse of Qudi and the beautiful jade of Chuji still returned to Duke Xian of Jin.

Original story

When the Marquis of Jin Dynasty restored his way to Yu and attacked Guo, the palace admonished him: "Guo is also the surface of Yu. Yu will follow the death of Guo. Jin can't be opened, Kou can't be played. What's the point? Do you care? As the saying goes, "if you help each other, your lips will die and your teeth will be cold," it is also called Yu Guo. " Freya. Ambassador Xu Jin. With his travel, Gong Zhiqi said, "I don't care about Yu. In this trip, Jin did not take it more seriously. " Winter, December bingzishuo, Jin destroyed Guo, Guo Gong Chou ran to the capital. The teacher returns, the library is in Yu. Then he attacked Yu, destroyed him and held the Duke of Yu.

Biography of Gong Zhiqi

Gong Zhiqi was born in the state of Yu (now North of Pinglu County, Shanxi Province) in the spring and Autumn period. His birth and death date is unknown. He was a well-known politician in the spring and Autumn period. In the spring and Autumn period, Gong Zhiqi firmly advocated the alliance between Yu and Guo to fight against Jin. In the 19th year of Xiangong (658 BC), the state of Jin attacked the state of Yu with a false way. Gong Zhiqi said to Yu Jun, "Guo is the exterior of Yu; when Guo dies, Yu will follow it. Jin can't start, Kou can't play ". He said: "Yu and Guo, lips and teeth, lips die teeth cold." Yu Jun was persuaded to unite Guo to resist Jin. Yu Jun didn't listen and gave it to Jin. Gong Zhiqi has made great efforts for the safety of the state of Yu. He is a farsighted politician.

Master Zuo's Spring and Autumn Annals

The original name of Zuo Zhuan was Zuo's spring and Autumn Annals, which was renamed Zuo's spring and Autumn Annals in Han Dynasty. In the old days, it is said that Zuo Qiuming made it for the purpose of interpreting Confucius' spring and Autumn Annals in the late spring and Autumn period. Zuozhuan is essentially an independent historical book. It starts from the first year of Lu Yin Gong (722 BC) and ends in the fourteenth year of Lu mourning Gong (453 BC). Based on the spring and Autumn Annals, it explains the compendium of spring and Autumn Annals by recording the specific historical facts of the spring and Autumn Annals, which is one of the important Confucian classics

Analysis of Idioms

[synonym] complementary teeth, lips and teeth, complementary cars and Generals

Idiom usage

It's not the right time to speak of political parties. If it is said that there is a trend of one party's autocracy, there will be a decline. A letter to Liang Qichao by Zhang Binglin

Chinese PinYin : fǔ chē xiāng yī