Cao Chen

Cao Chen

Cao Chen (B ī n) (1170-1249) was a western scholar, named Dongmu. He was a native of Ruian, Wenzhou (now Zhejiang). Jiatai two years (1202) Jinshi. Professor anjizhou was appointed to Chongqing government to join the army, and Jianchang was transferred to Chongqing government. Shaoding six years (1233), promoted Secretary Cheng, and cangbu Lang official. In the first year of Duanping (1234), in addition to Changping in the west of Zhejiang Province, it was moved to the east of Zhejiang Province for some punishment. At the beginning of the reign of Jiaxi, he was called Zuo Si Jian. With Wang Wan, Guo Leiqing, Xu qingsou all negative straight voice, when the name "Jiaxi four remonstrations.". In the third year of Jiaxi reign (1239), when he learned Fuzhou, he was called by the Minister of rites, and was regarded as the official of taichen. Chunyou died in the ninth year, 80 years old, posthumous Wengong. Liu Kezhuang wrote shendaobei (Houcun's complete works, volume 144), history of the Song Dynasty and distant biography of Uncle Cao. There are two poems in Quan Song Ci.

Personal resume

Cao Chen, a native of Cao Village (now Zhejiang Province) in Ruian of the Southern Song Dynasty, was a native of Dongmu. In his early years, his family was poor and he learned little from Yueqing Qian Wenzi. In the second year of Jiatai (1202), he was a Jinshi. He went to the east of Zhejiang Province to raise some prison sentences. He was called as Zuo Si Jian and served as an official in Baozhang Pavilion. Since then, he has been an official for more than 40 years, ups and downs.

Clean and honest as an official

Cao Chen has been an official for more than 40 years. He is honest and upright, and always works hard for the people. When he joined the army as a judicial officer of Chongqing government, prefect Du was appreciating his character and talent. When he was about to recommend him for promotion, he declined and said, "Zhang Silu, please let him go first." Du Zheng sighs for his personality. When he was in Jianchang County, he respected the old people, restored the house of Li Changshan, the old minister, and built a zhaishe for all living. In order to serve the west of Zhejiang Province, he raised the common people, cared for the common people, emphasized education and promoted education, and explained the disadvantages of "harmony, purchase and accommodation".

Setting up Academies

Cao Chen has been teaching in his hometown for 11 years. He had long wanted to set up an academy and promote the calligraphy style of Cao village, so he discussed with his family to build an academy in front of Cao Nan temple in Cao village, a piece of land near his home. After the completion of the Academy, it was named "Huqiu academy". Cao Chen has been teaching here for 11 years. Spring and winter never stop. In those years, many farm children worshipped him as their teacher.

Famous for direct admonition

Cao Chen is famous for his direct admonition. When he remonstrated for Zuo Si, in view of the corruption of the imperial government and the clamor for peace, he sparsely said that the imperial court's policy of war and peace was self contradictory. He extremely discussed the power minister Shi Song's pursuit of peace and the loss of the country, and his confidants of the impeachment surrender faction Shi Miyuan were aware of the faults of Yu Tianxi and Li Mingfu. Disobeying orders, he moved to the living room. Yu Tianxi, a member of the imperial Committee, asked the emperor to resume Cao Chen's original post and said, "Cao Chen is a mature man. If you set up a near class, you will be able to be upright and upright. If you want to stay in a position, you will be relieved. If you are satisfied with your position, your majesty will not only serve the beauty of the virtuous, but also avoid the ugliness of the virtuous. " Li Mingfu also asked Chen Yun to say: "Du fan, Tang fan, Cao Chen and Zhao ya all have the experience of discussing officials, but there is no way to tell them from Taiwan. The words are not guilty, and those who hear of them are full of caution. The desire of Saint Tzu is special. He has stopped at fan and Yu, and called them to come again. He has stayed at Chen and Yu, but he has not gone away. He has practiced various professions, helped each other, opened the door to the justice of the Great Duke, and separated his friends from the party We can see the voice of Cao Chen's direct admonition. Later, he also wrote seven books and entered ancient poetry to embody the rules and regulations.

Patriotic poetry

Cao Chen was also a famous patriotic poet in the late Southern Song Dynasty. His diligent administration and direct admonition originated from his feelings of serving the country, which was fully reflected in his poems. At that time, foreign enemies invaded frequently, but the ruling group of the Southern Song Dynasty was partial to Jiangnan. Cao Chen, together with other patriots and the people, strongly demanded the recovery of the Central Plains and the reunification of China. In the first year of Duanping, Zhao Kui, a famous general of the anti Jin Dynasty, was awarded the military minister, Jinghe Zhizhi envoy, Zhiying Tianfu, Nanjing left behind and huaidong Zhizhi envoy, intending to recover the three capitals (Kaifeng in Tokyo, Luoyang in Xijing and yingtianfu in Nanjing). At the farewell party for the expedition, Cao Chen wrote a poem "Ode to yuanganji", which said: "if you are sent to the pole again by the sound of gongs, it will be as difficult as it was in the old days. If you want to persuade you to keep your feet steady, how many others will look coldly at you. " He knew that the enemy he was facing was a Mongolian soldier who was more powerful than the Jin soldiers. With a strong patriotism, he warned Zhao Kui not to underestimate the enemy, so as to prevent the capitulators from waiting for an opportunity to fight back. Unfortunately, he said that Zhao Kui was eager to fight, but the grain transportation was not continued, and he was defeated by the Mongolian army to irrigate the Yellow River. Cao Chen was filled with grief and indignation for the broken mountains and rivers in his poem Xihe - he Wang qianzhai Yun: "today, who made it so? Long time white bone cover Chuan yuan, hate when already! The river is silent and smokeless, and the moon shines on the reeds He hated the loss of peace and worried about the future of his country: "it's too late to grieve. Mercilessly don't ask the river, the west wind sets, the sun is miserable, the new pavilion, a few people shed tears. Who is good in war? Help others, but look at the will of heaven. " In his poem resigning to short Cangling, he compares himself with Han Yu's demotion to Chaozhou, and writes bitterly: "when you get old, you can be an admonitory minister, and Sheng en is lenient. Today, when the wind and snow are blowing on the mountain, it's still better than the blue pass horse driver. "

Talent performance

Cao Chen has outstanding talent. He has written 20 volumes of memorials and lecture notes, 60 volumes of poems and miscellaneous sentences. Liu Kezhuang once wrote a preface to the collection of Cao Dongdan, but most of them are lost. Now there is only one article, 11 poems and 2 words left. His poetry style is simple and rough. Tang Zhai of Song Dynasty once asked Cao Chen: "you were born in Yongjia. Why is Jiangxi School of poetics?" Chen replied, "where does interest come from in Jiangsu and Zhejiang?" Tanzhai then asked, "isn't Yongjia Siling's poems worth learning?" Chen said: "the poems of the four spirits are like eating jade, although they are not enough, Jiangxi poems are like a soup of treasure, filling the mouth and stomach" (Volume 5 of Sui Yin man Lu by Chen Shichong). At that time, Liu Kezhuang, a famous poet in Putian, praised his poems: "the ancient style is so beautiful that it means yuan (Zhen) and Bai (Juyi); the rhymed poems are so exquisite that they need to pat Yao (he) and Jia (DAO) on the shoulder. It's not like a small family. " He wrote a poem and said, "Marquis Cao is full of books. He does not defend himself with a sword. The immediate call is still quick, and the poems in the poem are not poor. When a prisoner's feelings change into deceit, he talks about the Lord and his relatives. When the flag and drum will be built, the state-owned people will be known. " His Ci poem Xihe Hewang qianzhaiyun is concerned about the country and the people. It is not only recorded in the Song Dynasty's excellent CI anthology since the resurgence, but also selected in the whole Song Dynasty's Ci, the Tang and Song Dynasty's Ci anthology, and the Song Ci chronicle. It is rare and valuable in the Song Dynasty when there are so many poets and nearly 20000 CI works. He was selected as the poem "spring dusk" in "a thousand poems": "no one asks about the falling flowers outside the door, and the green and shade are all over the world. When the warbler sings in silence, the Grass Pond listens to the frog alone. " It is fresh and natural, and well-known.

This biography of the history of the Song Dynasty called it "negative voice with Wang Wan, Guo Leiqing and Xu Qingyu, and it was called" four admonitions of Jiaxi "at that time.". In the Ming and Qing Dynasties, Rui'an government also listed him in the temple together with CAI Jingze for later generations.

Chinese PinYin : Cao Bin