Cao benrong

Cao benrong

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Cao benrong (1621-1665), a native of Huanggang (now Xinzhou, Hubei Province), was named Xinmu and Houan. He was a famous Neo Confucianist in the early Qing Dynasty. In the sixth year of the reign of emperor Shunzhi of the Qing Dynasty, he became a Jinshi and a shujishi in the Imperial Academy. The cloth robes and vegetables are used for self-improvement. In eight years, he was granted the title of secretary academy editor. In response to the imperial edict, he wrote a thousand words in shengxueshu, which said: "if the emperor is ruled by two emperors and three kings, he should learn from them.

Life of the characters

As a child, Cao benrong was diligent and eager to learn. He learned from Wang Yangming, who was a member of the Academy. He was willing to practice, and often abandoned his sleep and food. In 1648, Liu Zizhuang and his cousin Liu Zizhuang got the same title as Jinshi. Liu Zizhuang's mother was Cao benrong's aunt. Liu Zizhuang's first grade is the number one scholar, and Cao benrong's second grade is the Jinshi. Speaking the book of changes for emperor Shunzhi, he was respected as a great master of the book of changes in the early Qing Dynasty. In 1650, he was the editor of the secret Academy.

The emperor of ancient and modern times was listed in shengxueshu in Yingzhao as "having the discipline of" Jingyi "and the sincerity of" Jingyi ". He also stressed that "if the emperor is ruled by the two emperors and the three emperors, he should take the study of the two emperors and the three emperors as his study.". They should be honest and open to the public, cultivate morality and study hard. They should take the four books and five classics and Tongjian as examples to help the body and mind to do important work and to pacify the great cause. On the inside, they should have a deep palace and have a leisurely discussion day and night; on the outside, they should have a feast and talk in detail. In this way, we can set up sincerity and practice, and we can pray for heaven's eternal life He advised emperor Shunzhi to cultivate morality and study diligently. This is the beginning of Qing Dynasty's Neo Confucianism's influence on the supreme ruler.

Shunzhi nine years (1652), rise right spring square right praise good, Guozijian division industry. He wrote "chongzhengtang winter solstice day meeting" and published Zhu Xi's "Bailudong learning rules" to educate young students. We should teach students in accordance with their aptitude and bring up more talents.

In the 11th year of Shunzhi (1654), Cao Xueyu was elected as a Japanese speaking official. The next year, he was promoted to the Secretary's college, where he was transferred to Zuo Chunfang, where he was also a servant. He often talked with emperor Shunzhi about the Scriptures, "all the questions are right, all the answers are right.". Shunzhi called it "the arrogant resident" and drew the frame with his own hand, which was given by the imperial book "bingshen Zhongqiu, imitating the song monk Juran's brushwork". Cao Qian is very encouraging. He says, "I am ashamed to depend on the sun and the moon, and I always want to revive heaven and earth.".

In September of the 14th year of Shunzhi (1657), Cao was appointed as the chief examiner of shuntianxiang examination, presenting the preface of shuntianxiang examination. Fu was ordered to compile a general review of the past dynasties. Every time Shunzhi read the recommended volume, he ordered him to rank first, and decided to take it. If the person who has been taken knows how grateful he is, he refuses to see him. If he does not know, he never speaks to others. In October of the same year, he was appointed as the lecturer of Jingyan. In November, due to the negligence of the same examiner, he was demoted to five grades. In October of the next year, the official returned to his original post. In November, Emperor Shunzhi ordered Cao and Fu Yijian to write a general note to the book of changes, which was listed in the table of the book of changes to explain the compilation purpose. Later, the book was finished in nine volumes. The book widely adopted various theories, eclectic various theories, concise words and clear meaning, and was regarded as the standard of the book of changes by scholars for a time.

Cao's learning and practice are favored by Shunzhi. He once praised him and said, "you should be satisfied with your own desires." Cao also attached great importance to the clergy in order to pass on learning, and his disciples made great achievements. When he was critically ill, Ji Dong and other disciples, who were still waiting by his side with the instruction of exhaustive learning, said, "you should know that this way is extremely simple, and don't ask too much for it." His studies spread to Jiangsu and Fujian, and had great influence. At that time, famous Neo Confucianists such as sun Qifeng, Wei Yijie, Xiong Zilu, Hu Zhian and Wei Xiangshu had close ties with Cao benrong.

In the 18th year of Shunzhi (1661), Cao Qian was a Bachelor of Science in the Imperial Academy and a Bachelor of Science in the national history Academy. In the third year of the reign of Emperor Kangxi of the Qing Dynasty, he begged to return because of his illness. On December 22 of the same year (February 6, 1665), he sailed to Yangzhou and died of illness. He was only 44 years old. There is nothing left but books. Sun Qifeng said: "in the Shang and Zhou dynasties, Tao was in Jizi; in the song and Yuan Dynasties, Tao was in Xuzi (Heng); in the Ming and Qing Dynasties, Tao was in Caozi." He highly praised Cao benrong's influence in the academic circles and his spirit of hard work and self-reliance. Scholars call him Mr. Wen Jing.

Cao benrong lived incorruptedly in a poor family. Although he served as a "Japanese speaking official" for three years in the palace, he had no residence in Beijing, so he rented a house in Huanggang guild hall. His walls were decadent, and he was willing to live in poverty. He once said, "I think it's good to learn. Learning is valuable, learning is weak, learning is clear, so that I have a rough and successful, to my king in Yao and Shun, hunger and poverty is not a pity. However, when people are in danger, they give generously.

Tan Fengzhen of Hanyang died in Beijing, but he was poor and could not be buried, so Cao was responsible for his funeral, and Jin hired a woman to caress his baby and treat him as his own son. Wei Huanji (Xiangshu) wrote the ancient Jiaoxing to record it. His life has been handed down to the world in the following books: general notes to the book of changes, memorials and inquiries, five major Confucian sayings, Zhouzhang Jingyi, Wang Luo's selected edition, ancient literature collection, Ju Xue Lu, and Chongzheng Tang's winter solstice day meeting. It is said in the history of Qing Dynasty.

Character evaluation

"Those who are sincere and willing to open up their ears, cultivate their morality and study diligently, and take the four books, the five classics and the general reference as examples to help their body and mind balance their main tasks, will have deep palace and leisure inside, and will have discussions day and night, and will have a thorough discussion outside. This is the basis for the cultivation of the monarch's virtue and the praying for heaven's eternal life. " There is an imperial edict.

According to the theory of learning from Yangming, Cheng, Zhu, Xue, Lu and Wang were the five major Confucians. After returning home, he became an official, and Yan Ru was also an official. Jige, the students in the east side of the plan, Judaism to exhaustive learning. On the day of his death, Rongcheng sun Qifeng lamented it. Ziyipu, recommended by Yinsheng erudite Hongru, test, teach review.

Chinese PinYin : Cao Ben Rong