Wen Yanbo

Wen Yanbo

Wen Yanbo (October 23, 1006 - June 16, 1097) was named kuanfu and yisou. Fenzhou Jiexiu (now Jiexiu City, Shanxi Province) people. He was a famous statesman and calligrapher in the Northern Song Dynasty.

In the fifth year of Tiansheng (1027), Wen Yanbo became a Jinshi, and successively held the posts of Shi Yushi, transfer Deputy envoy, privy Deputy envoy, and Consul of political affairs. He was promoted to Tongping Zhangshi (Prime Minister) because of his uprising. He was impeached in the third year of emperor you's reign (1051) and sent out state troops such as Zhi Xu, Qing and Yongxing. In the second year of he's reign (1055), he paid homage to his prime minister again. In the third year of Jiayou (1058), he was sentenced to Henan and other places, and was granted the Duke of Lu. During the reign of emperor Shenzong of Song Dynasty, he opposed Wang Anshi's political reform, and argued that the city change law "damaged the national system and provoked people's resentment". He sentenced Daming and Henan government, and accumulated them to Taiwei. Yuanfeng six years (1083) to Taishi Zhishi. After song zhezong ascended the throne, he was recommended by Prime Minister Sima Guang to confer Pingzhang important military and national affairs. In the fifth year of Yuanyou (1090), he became an official again. Shaosheng four years (1097), granted Prince Shaobao, died in the same year, 92. During the reign of Emperor Huizong of the Song Dynasty, he and Sima Guang were incorporated into the tablet of Yuanyou party members, and later recovered to the grand master with the posthumous title of "Zhonglie". Kangxi 61 years (1722), from the worship of the emperor temple.

Wen Yanbo went through four dynasties of Ren, Ying, Shen and zhe. He was recommended to be a member of the second government. He changed his Yue for seven years and became a prime minister for 50 years. During the period of serving the censor in the palace, he enforced the law impartially. During the prime minister period, he stabilized the situation of the DPRK, boldly put forward the idea of disarmament of 80000 yuan, refined the army and simplified the administration, and reduced the burden of the people. There are forty volumes of wenlugong collection. One of his poems is recorded in Quan Song Ci.

Source of pictures in the overview: Sancai tuhui

Life of the characters

cut a striking figure

Wen Yanbo was born on September 29th (October 23rd) in the third year of Jingde (1006) of emperor Zhenzong of Song Dynasty. His ancestral name was Jing, but he changed his surname to Wen because he avoided the taboos of Shi Jingtang, Emperor Gaozu of Jin Dynasty, and Zhao Jing, Emperor Yizu of Song Dynasty.

When Wen Yanbo was a teenager, he studied Confucian classics with Zhang Min and Gao ruona, who were from Yingchang. Shi's mother thought Wen Yanbo was unusual and said, "he is a noble man." He was treated very well.

In the fifth year of Tiansheng (1027), Wen Yanbo passed the imperial examination. He successively served as magistrate of Yicheng County, general magistrate of Jiangzhou, censor of supervision, and was promoted to minister in the palace.

At that time, the war between Song Dynasty and Xia Dynasty rose. If there is a deputy general in the army who retreats before the battle and does not expect the enemy to advance, according to the normal practice, the senior general should ask the imperial court for instructions before dealing with it. Wen Yanbo said: "this method is still feasible when there is nothing wrong with living in peace. But now, with hundreds of thousands of generals and soldiers fighting year after year, how can we succeed if we do not have the power to deal with these things independently, if we do not centralize power and if the military law is not severe? " Zhao Zhen, the emperor Renzong of Song Dynasty, thought that what he said was very reasonable and absorbed his opinions.

At that time, Huang Dehe, the governor of Baoyan Road, had a conflict with Liu Ping, the deputy director of Baoyan road. After the war of sanchuankou, Liu Ping and vice minister Manyan deployed Shi yuansun to be defeated and captured. Huang Dehe, who escaped from the battle, took the opportunity to falsely accuse Liu Ping of surrendering to Xixia and bribed Liu Ping's servants with gold belts, so that he could agree with himself and confirm Liu Ping's surrender to the enemy. More than 200 members of Liu Ping's family were tied up and jailed. Renzong ordered wenyanbo to set up a court in Hezhong Prefecture for trial. Through careful examination, Wen Yanbo learned the truth of the matter. But Huang Dehe's accomplices were so many that he tried to overthrow Wen Yanbo's trial conclusion that he mobilized the imperial court to send another censor to handle the case in hechong. Wen Yanbo refused to accept, saying: "the imperial court is worried that this case will not be successful, so it sent you here. Now that the case has been decided, you should go back to the court immediately. If the case is repeated, Wen would rather take responsibility. " The servants of Huang Dehe and Liu Ping were finally punished.

Before long, Wen Yanbo served as the Deputy envoy of Hedong transportation in the capacity of Zhishi Museum. Linzhou (now North of Shenmu county, Shaanxi Province) has a long and winding way to transport grain and pay, while there is an old way to transport grain in the Tang Dynasty outside Yincheng River, which has been abandoned. When Wen Yanbo's father Wen Wei was a transit envoy, he considered repairing the old road, but he died before he could start construction. Wen Yanbo inherited his father's wish, repaired the old road, and thus saved a lot of food and pay. When Li Yuanhao invaded Linzhou in the Western Xia Dynasty, he besieged Linzhou for ten days. Knowing that the city was ready, he withdrew.

After that, Wen Yanbo was transferred to tianzhangge and duzhuanshi, and was successively promoted to LongTuge, privy direct bachelor and Qinzhou Zhizhou. Soon, he was appointed governor of Yizhou. He once played football in qianxia official house. When he heard the noise outside, he found out that it was a soldier who was beaten by a long whip. The soldier didn't admit his guilt. Wen Yanbo asked them to come in and ask why. He ordered the soldier to be pulled out to be whipped, but the soldier still didn't admit his guilt. Wen Yanbo asked someone to chop him up and go home after playing.

Beizhou counterinsurgency

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In 1047, Renzong summoned wenyanbo to the court and appointed him as the Deputy Secretary of the Privy Council. In November of the same year, Wang Ze of beizhou uprised, and Ming ho launched a crusade against Wang Ze, which was unable to attack for a long time. Wen Yanbo asked to go to beizhou for a crusade. In the first month of the next year, he was appointed as Xuanfu envoy by the imperial court to quell Wang Ze's uprising. When Wen Yanbo arrived at beizhou City, on the one hand, he let the officers and soldiers attack the North City, on the other hand, he dug a tunnel in the South City and went straight to the city. In the first month of the leap, the army stormed into the city, while Wang was arrested and the uprising subsided.

The first Chief Executive

After Wang Ze's uprising was calmed down, Wen Yanbo was promoted to be a Bachelor of the Jixian Academy.

After Wen Yanbo became prime minister, he recommended Zhang Gui, Han Wei and Wang Anshi to the imperial court, saying that they were indifferent to fame and wealth, moral and principled, and asked for praise to encourage customs. At that time, there was a lot of discussion about this matter. Some people thought that these people would gather as thieves, and Renzong was also worried about it. Wen Yanbo said: "now the public and private sectors are exhausted because there are too many soldiers. If these deposed soldiers are going to make trouble, the matter will be settled even if they die. " His plan was finally carried out, and there was no disturbance among the soldiers who were dismissed.

In August of the first year of emperor you's reign (1049), Wen Yanbo was appointed the Bachelor of Zhaowen library.

In the third year of emperor you's reign (1051), Tang Jie, the imperial censor, said that Wen Yanbo had sent Shu Brocade to Princess Zhang, so he had the chance to be appointed as the grand Bachelor of Zhaowen school. Tang Jie was dismissed, and Wen Yanbo was demoted to be the grand Bachelor of Guanwen temple and the governor of Xuzhou. He was changed to be the Jiedushi of Zhongwu army and in charge of Yongxing army.

Security crisis

In June of 1055, Wen Yanbo was appointed as the Minister of the Ministry of official affairs, the Minister of tongzhongshu, and the grand Bachelor of zhaowenguan. On the same day as Fu Bi, he was appointed. All the literati and bureaucrats were glad that the imperial court had won him.

In the first month of the third year of the reign of emperor Zhihe (1056), Renzong suddenly fell ill and was carried into the palace. Wen Yanbo called Shi Zhicong, the internal servant, to understand the situation. Shi Zhicong said: "I can't let out what happened in the palace." Wen Yanbo scolded him and said, "you come and go in the palace, but you don't let the prime minister know the physical condition of the emperor. What's your purpose? From today on, if your Majesty's condition worsens, you must tell me, otherwise, you will engage in military justice. " He also conspired with his colleagues Liu Hang and Fu Bi to open the Daqing hall, set up Jiao and pray, and stayed in the hut outside the Daqing hall. "There has never been such a precedent," Shi said Wen Yanbo said: "at this time, can we consider whether there is a precedent or not?" In the middle of the night, Kaifeng Prefecture magistrate Wang Su beat the palace gate and claimed to report the rebellion. Wen Yanbo refused to let him in. The next morning, Wang Su said that the imperial guard told him that Duyu was going to make trouble. Liu Hang claimed that Duyu Hou should be arrested and tried. Wen Yanbo called Xu Huaide, commander of the capital, and asked what kind of person Duyu Hou was. Xu Huaide said that he can guarantee Duyu Hou will not rebel. Wen Yanbo said: "well, this is because the guard has a grudge and falsely accuses Duyu Hou. We should kill the guard immediately to calm the hearts of the people." So he asked Liu Hang to make a conclusion about the case and cut off the guard in front of the army.

Before that, Fu Bi adopted the stratagem of Li Zhongchang, an official, to run through liuluo canal from Shanghu River in Danzhou and make it flow into Henglong old road. Jia Changchao, who was left behind in Beijing, always hated Fu Bi. He secretly colluded with Wu Jilong, the minister in charge of the imperial court. When they discussed the important affairs of the imperial court together, they told the imperial court that the state should not open the river canal in the north. The opening of the river canal (damaging the local vein) led to Renzong's ill health. Wen Yanbo understood their intention, but did not take measures to stop it. After a few days, the two Tianguan wrote again, asking empress Renzong to deal with political affairs together, which was also instructed by Wu Jilong. Shi Zhicong showed the letter to the minister in power. After Wen Yanbo saw it, he hid it and didn't show it to other colleagues. Instead, he looked very happy. He called the two Tianguan to cross examine and said, "do you have something to say today?" "Yes," they replied Wen Yanbo said: "it's your duty to truly reflect astronomical variations. But how to participate in national affairs? Your crimes should belong to one family. " The two heavenly officers were afraid and their faces changed. Wen Yanbo said: "I think you are just crazy and stupid. You don't have the heart to punish your crimes, but you can't do it again." After the two officers quit, Wen Yanbo read the letter to the same column. They were all very angry and said, "how dare these guys write so illegally? Why don't you behead them?" Wen Yanbo said: "if we cut them off, things will get bigger. I'm afraid it will make the queen uneasy." Everyone said, "it's thoughtful." Before long, the court agreed to send the sky officer to verify the location of liuluo canal, and sent two people to it.

Chinese PinYin : Wen Yan Bo