Chengkeda

Chengkeda

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Cheng Keda, Zi Lai, was born in Daming County of Zhili (now Daming County of Hebei Province). He was the son of shangshucheng, a Bachelor of Dongge in the Ming Dynasty, and the younger brother of Kegong, a prince of the Qing Dynasty.

A brief introduction to his life

In the 17th year of Shunzhi in Qing Dynasty, Cheng Ju was a man of fierce and discordant character. When he was young, he lost his father. He served his mother at home for more than 20 years. After he was finally raised, he was given a letter to the cabinet. He moved to the head of Guangxi Department of the Ministry of household and promoted to wailang, a member of Guizhou Department of the Ministry of household. At that time, the military affairs of Guizhou and Guangdong were prosperous, and they spent several times as much money as other departments, but they were large, sophisticated, and well-equipped. In the 24th year of the reign of Emperor Kangxi, Guangdong Customs was set up and Keda was ordered to supervise it. In the past, the younger brother Fu Kegong said: don't be tired of poverty. Xiangshan and Macao in Guangdong used to be inhabited by Westerners. When they heard that they were conquered, they came to meet them in a whole team. They were armed like strong enemies. He was awed and awed by the great mission. During his tenure, he didn't accept bribes and was honest; he was fair and had the style of a big country. At the end of the day, he returned to the doctor in Jiangxi Province. Seek to teach Guizhou Zhenyuan magistrate. After the war in Zhenyuan, the people were exhausted and the wealth was exhausted. Keda recruited exiles, set up schools, banned traitors, restrained his subordinates, and made outstanding achievements in his political work. Later, my brother conquered Gong and begged to return. Ke DAHAO is good at poetry and Yan Zhenqing's calligraphy. His works include the essence of spring and Autumn period and travel poems. He died at the age of 62.

Historical contribution

Cheng Keda was the first supervisor of Guangdong Customs and the pioneer of Macao Customs. During his tenure, he not only handled domestic and foreign disputes properly to maintain the national system, but also set a good example for customs officials to be honest and clean. In 1684, the Qing government opened the sea ban and declared Guangzhou, Xiamen, Ningbo and Yuntaishan (Lianyungang) as foreign trade ports. In 1685, Guangdong Customs, Fujian customs, Zhejiang customs and Jiangsu customs were set up to take charge of foreign trade and tax affairs. Chengkeda was appointed as the first supervisor of Guangdong Customs. In the 25th year of Kangxi reign (1686), Portuguese merchant ships stationed in Macao launched artillery exercises and mistakenly injured the ships of Chinese merchants. Chinese merchants sued the local government for robbing goods and injuring people by foreigners and demanded that the government negotiate with foreigners and compensate for the losses. The dispute between yiergetu, a Manchu supervisor of Guangdong Customs, Cheng Keda, a Han supervisor, and Tai Lao of nanshaodao, Guangdong, visited Macao to deal with the case. As soon as the three arrived at the guild hall, an interpreter came with the money to ask for a meeting. He said that this was the old rule for officials to go to Macao, and that it was no harm not to be doubted by foreigners. Unexpectedly, this time it was severely rejected. However, due to the exaggeration of the Chinese merchant's lawsuit, the case was finally settled by damaging the merchant ship by gunfire, and the foreigners compensated 300 Liang for the repair cost of the Chinese merchant ship. After the trial of the case, the foreigners also accepted the court. Since the Portuguese entered and rented Macao in the 32nd year of Jiajing in the Ming Dynasty (1553) to the 23rd year of Kangxi in the Qing Dynasty (1684), the customs affairs of Macao were all managed by Xiangshan County entrusted by Guangdong municipal shipping department. The so-called "Xiangshan Macao tax was under the jurisdiction of the Municipal shipping department, and the inspection was in Xiangshan County". In 1685, Guangdong Customs was established. In 1688, under the supervision of Guangdong Customs, Cheng Keda officially set up a customs office in Macao, which was called the Macao Customs office of Guangdong Customs. There were four tax offices, namely damatou, guanzha, niangmage and Nanwan, responsible for the collection of customs duties. The first Guangdong Customs Supervisor, Cheng Keda, was a simple and frugal official. When he came back to the doctor of the Department of accounts under the supervision of the Guangdong Customs, he only got two inkstones from Duanxi. Later generations said that Cheng Keda's frugality was the most important customs supervision in China.

Selected Poems

[Wangyang platform] there is a high platform in the steep mountains, which stands out from the South Ming bank. The wind is blowing for thousands of miles, and the sky is in chaos. In the extreme, there is no judgment. Jiao room Miao difficult that is, mirage together and scattered. In the days of Wu, the dragon ball is shining. All over the world, there is no wave. Department stores are like flocks. They are easy to change. The city of aojiawang is very convenient. The Dragon here is broken. The attack is fierce. Hengshan from the military base, Zhang Wei protection in the plutonium. Those who resist others will make Yi people afraid. When I come here, it's hard to defend my faith. However, there is a chance that the trade will win. But fear posture arrogance, with the world into ice. The origin is not many, the accumulation of micro inherent gradually. Don't let the people on stage just sigh at the ocean. When Shuangjiang reached the bottom of Qing Dynasty, it still went around ancient Qianzhou. The water potential runs to the beach, and the wind and smoke meet the miasma. Cauliflower blooms on the wild shore, plum blossoms fall on Tingzhou. At the end of the year, when you are in service, you will never leave. [Haichuang Temple sees off visitors and looks over the platform] ten thousand li floating Cha comes. When the tide is flat and the plum rain stops, the sky is wide and the island is full of clouds. I'm still in ruins, and the palace is ruined. Endless melancholy, see off wine Ying cup. [going to Australia in the middle of winter] the new wind outside the mountains blows on my clothes. If you look up to the sky and see the clouds, you will never come to your hometown. My hometown is thousands of miles away, and there are no geese flying south. The book of the village stands still and hesitates. After a long time, the guests return to the line of service. There is no need to ask about the way ahead. The storm is long.

Chinese PinYin : Cheng Ke Da