Xu Zaisi

Xu Zaisi

Xu Zaisi (about 1280 ~ 1330), whose name is Deke, is called tianzhai (Tianqi in some materials). He was born in Jiaxing, Zhejiang Province, and was a famous Sanqu writer in Yuan Dynasty. His life story is unknown. He was once a road official in Jiaxing. Because he likes to eat sweet food, he is called sweet food. The year of birth and death is unknown, and Guan Yunshi is a contemporary. Today, he wrote more than 100 Sanqu Xiaoling. The work is as famous as Guan Yunshi, who called himself "sour and sweet Yuefu" at that time. Later Ren Na combined their Sanqu into a series, which is known as "sour and sweet Yuefu" and contains 103 Xiaoling.

Life of the characters

Xu Zaisi (about 1280 ~ 1330), a native of Jiaxing, Zhejiang Province, was named teke and tianzhai. Zhong Sicheng said in Cao's book of recording ghosts that "he likes to eat sweetly, so he is called tianzhai. Yuefu is popular in the world. His son is good at growing up and is quite able to succeed his family. In addition to the above contents, Tianyige's version of the book of recording ghosts also records that he was a "road official of Jiaxing" and that he was "intelligent and beautiful" and "made friends with Gao shangwenzhangshi". Learning classics, reading history, etc. All these show that although he was only a low ranking official in his official career, he was a very talented scholar. It is difficult to determine the date of his birth and death. In the book of recording ghosts, he was classified as a "person who has only known each other until now" and said that he was "at the same time with Xiaoshan". Zhang Xiaoshan lived at the end of the Yuan Dynasty. According to the calculation, he should have been born after 1280. His Sanqu (changong tune in shuangdiao) Qian Ziyun's going to the capital has the sentence "today's Yangguan, tomorrow's Qinhuai". It not only says "going to the capital", but also points out "Qinhuai", which is probably in the early Ming Dynasty. It is suspected that he died after 1350. It seems that he never left Jiangsu and Zhejiang in his life. In the Qing Dynasty, Chu people were awarded the Jianhu collection Ding Ji, saying that he "traveled to the rivers and lakes, but did not return for ten years.". His sentences such as "ten years on my pillow, two old people in the south of the Yangtze River are worried" in "water Fairy" in "night rain" in "Shuang Diao", and "less than ten years on Lake and mountain, Qi Chu and Qin Yan, Hao Shou Cang Yan" in "West Lake" in "Chan Gong Qu" in "West Lake" in "Chan Gong Qu" in "Shuang Diao" all confirm that he has been wandering for ten years. A large number of his works are "eight scenes of Wujiang", "Tiaoxi", "sweet dew nostalgia" and so on. It is quite certain that he left his hometown and wandered around Taihu Lake.

Main achievements

Xu Zaisi's Sanqu mainly focuses on leisurely life, boudoir love, love, natural scenery in the south of the Yangtze River, seclusion and so on. There are also some works about giving answers and chanting things. Although he is as famous as Guan Yunshi, his style is not the same. Guan Yunshi is mainly forthright and elegant, but Xu Zaisi is good at elegant and exquisite. He is good at learning folk ballads and ballads, and is good at the technique of white drawing. He is lyrical, neat and fresh in style. "Taihe zhengyinpu" comments on his works, such as "Autumn Moon in Guilin".

At present, there are 103 Xiaoling, mainly focusing on scenery, acacia, seclusion, history and so on. His works of love writing are deep and graceful, such as "to Ji Yulian" (Jingshan is exquisite) and "love in spring" (I will never miss you in my life), which are regarded as "works of carving out my heart and bones, which can bring forth jade tea and charm flowers". Some of the works are quite new in concept, and can be seen in the vulgar elegance, such as [shuangdiao · ShuiXianzi], "red fingernails" and "beautiful woman nailing shoes".

His landscape works, such as "Gao Ting Wan Po" and "Hui Shan Quan" by Xi Chunlai and ShuiXianzi, are excellent. The artistic conception is lofty and ingenious. It can be seen that he is good at making words and sentences. [water fairy] "night rain" with "a sound of Wu ye, a sound of autumn, a little banana, a little sorrow" to describe the sad feeling of the journey, delicate and moving. His works of love writing are good at learning the expression of folk songs, which are similar to Guan Yunshi's works of the same kind. [Chan Gong Qu] spring love describes a lovesick woman's mood of "body like floating clouds, heart like flying catkins, Qi like gossamer, and a wisp of fragrance in the air". It uses the form characteristics of serial sentence and rhyme word reuse in Sanqu, which can do its best. [intoxicated with Dongfeng] in spring love, a woman's complex psychology when she suddenly meets her lover is described. She wants to greet and is afraid of being seen through. Her mood is vivid and her characters are smart. This part of the works is fresh and lively, with high achievements.

Character evaluation

Recently, Wu Mei commented under the volume of Gu Qu Zhu Tan: "the clouds of spiked shoes are" golden lotus petals "and the clouds of red nails are" falling flowers and flying up ". The language is good and the words are unique. It can really surpass the heroes. Xi Zhi was the top one for a while. " Some of his works on history often end up in a short song, which is of positive significance. Zhu Quan's Taihe zhengyinpu in Ming Dynasty commented on his Ci as "Autumn Moon in Guilin". When he sighs about his life, he is always in a sad mood, which is probably related to his life experience. His Sanqu collection "tianzhaiyuefu" and Guan Yunshi's "suanzhai Yuefu", because their names match each other's interests, so later generations will combine the two Sanqu into a collection, which is called "sour and sweet Yuefu". However, their life experiences and work styles are not the same. Xu is younger than Guan Yunshi, and his achievements and influence are not as good as Guan Yunshi.

personal works

Chinese PinYin : Xu Zai Si