Zhang Shu

Zhang Shu

Zhang Shu (1292-1348) was born in Lin'an (now Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province) and moved to Jinhua. As a child, Zhang Shu was fond of reading, learning and memorizing, and became a famous scholar at that time. Zhang Shu was ashamed to be an official in Yuan Dynasty, and twice refused to be appointed by the court. His works include 73 volumes of xuhou Hanshu, 30 volumes of Chunqiu sanzhuanguiyi and anecdotes of Song Dynasty. His works are included in quansong CI.

Life of the characters

Zhang Shu (1292-1348) has a long character. His father Zhang sightseeing married pan family of Jinhua, and his family lived in Jinhua. He was once a professor of Wuzhou road. He was the first academic officer of Jinhua and wrote a volume of Pingyan manuscript. His grandfather's family collected tens of thousands of volumes of books. It's a little longer. It's a chapter. When people ask about the history of ancient and modern times, political gains and losses, the rise and fall of rites and music, and the official names of emperors, their answers are all correct. When we talk about characters, we can see their lineage, good and bad materials, and experiences. Please accept Xu Qian as a disciple and treat him as a scholar. He abandons flashiness, stresses practical results, and his studies are becoming more and more refined. He was ashamed to be an official of the Yuan Dynasty. In the third year of the reign of Yuan Zhizheng (1343), the right prime minister took off the post of president of compiling Liao, Jin and Song History capitals. He appointed Shu as a long history, but did not leave. In the seventh year, the imperial edict ordered him to compile biographies for the Imperial Academy, scholars, Tongzhi and the Academy of national history. The emissary forced him to go to the Wulin post and said he was ill. He died at home the next year.

Main achievements

He is good at chronicle, tasting the current affairs of the Three Kingdoms, writing the Han Dynasty chronicle and biography, with the records of Wei and Wu Zai, which is 73 volumes of the book of the Han Dynasty. When the annals of the Three Kingdoms was published, those who were taboo about the old history but did not write, or were untrue, or were close to the history of different generations, were checked and revised; or the number of one event was said to be one; or there was a treatise, which was named "Xun Zhi" after each article. On the right and wrong, it is necessary to suppress and seize. Linchuan Weisu said that it was "precise and ready for persuasion". The imperial court took its books and set up Xuanwen Pavilion. He also felt that the historical records only recorded the generals and ministers who died in the Song Dynasty, while the low-level officials, soldiers and women who died in the Song Dynasty didn't record them. So he visited the old people all over the country, took notes and collected materials, and wrote the anecdotes of the Song Dynasty. He also wrote 30 volumes of "three biographies of the spring and Autumn Period" and several volumes of "Discussion on stealing under the forest", "chronicle of Duke Zhang of Qujiang" and "wochubian". The volume of Yuanshi is attached to the biography of Du Ben in seclusion.

Character evaluation

Under the volume of Zhou Mi's Hao Ran Zhai Ya Tan, "yunchuang Zhang Shu, with the word Dounan, also called Ji Xian, is the grandson of the fifth loyal King Xun. Xiao Shuang's pen and ink, his character's temperament and temperament are good. He has tasted the hundred rhymes in yishengji, and his rhymes are harmonious and beautiful. He is a good young master of Chengping. Under the volume of etymology by Zhang Yan, "the ancestors' Xiaochang temperament has jixianji, which is accompanied by a phonetic notation and published in the world. Every time you write a word, you must make the singer follow it. If there is any disagreement, you can correct it immediately. Yi Sheng Ji and Ji Xian Ji have been lost for a long time. There are nine Ci poems in Quan Song Ci.

Appreciation of works

works

The rolling curtain man sleeps. Let the swallows come back to discuss spring affairs. How beautiful is the scenery? It's all in the sound of selling flowers. yin edge fundus, was green, red for purple. Very leisurely, half of the east wind, half of the stream. Still, the moss marks the rain, the bamboo shadow leaves the clouds, and it is not clear yet. How many songs are blowing on the West Lake. . How to know people, a little new worry, an inch of heart.

comment

This is a work of depicting the sorrow of spring. The author, Zhang Shu, lived in the late Song Dynasty, and his country was increasingly in danger. However, Zhang Shu's family was still well-off, accompanied by garden singers and well-off life. Therefore, his works only expressed his personal feelings, just like the name of his ci anthology "Jixian". This word is his representative work. in the first three sentences, the word "spring" comes from Yan GUI. But the author does not intend to describe the spring, but instead "scenery can be a few.". It doesn't involve wind and rain or letters of flowers, but it uses the sound of selling flowers to erase all kinds of beauties, revealing the melancholy in the heart. In this way, from the perspective of hearing, it creates the artistic conception of virtual reality, and makes the sorrow of spring come out gradually. Spring, too late to come, also in a hurry to go, singing spring, watching spring are not yet full of fun, beautiful flowers are replaced by green leaves, in a flash, flowers wither, half by the east wind, half by the stream and water. the next film further exaggerates and expresses spring sorrow. Continuous spring rain, "moss trace rain, bamboo shadow Cloud", write the spring rain quiet meaningful show. In the Han Dynasty, it was followed by the sentence "waiting for sunshine is still not enough". Because of the rain, the painting boat moored on the shore, and the West Lake sang a little. Because of the rain, the butterfly powder among the flowers is wet and the wings are heavy. I am attached to the aftertaste of the flowers. The strokes are tactful and repeated, the scenery is cold and sad, and the continuous spring rain is enough to express the return of spring and arouse the sorrow of spring. In the end, "how to know a person, a little new worry, an inch of heart", a word of "worry", but from the pink butterfly to stay in spring. The word "how to know" shows that people's infatuation is better than things' infatuation, so as to tie up feelings, and their feelings are endless. in addition to spring sorrow, Zhang Shu's poem ruihexian also has the meaning of "parting"? It is the traditional theme of Ci to "deliberately hurt the spring and then hurt the parting". In the tone of hurting the spring, this Ci also has the sigh of "how to know people, a little new worry, thousands of miles in an inch", which is exactly the flavor of "hurting the parting". The poets of Fengya school in the Southern Song Dynasty are good at expressing things and emotions. Although Zhang Shu is not a famous poet, he is not a layman from this point of view. Jiang Kui's and Wu Wenying's works are well known for their profundity and subtlety. However, they are excessively cooked and whitewashed, lacking real interest and even obscurity. This word is bright and graceful. It takes the strong points of Jiang and Wu and discards their short points. "Yin Bian eyeground", although pay attention to decoration, but not show carving. Compared with "green, fat, red and thin" (Li Qingzhao's Ru Meng Ling), the "change of red for purple" is more elegant, one is dynamic, and the other is "freeze frame": the "moss marks rain, bamboo shadow leaves cloud" is not as difficult to understand as the "palace powder carving marks, fairy cloud falling shadow" (Wu Wenying's high balcony). Although it does not reach the realm of "depicting words and making them natural" (Peng sunhui's JinSu Cihua), it is also a sign of ingenuity to refine without losing nature. In the place where he expressed his feelings, his feelings and scenes mingled with each other, and there was a deep and graceful beauty.

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