Zhang Shu
Zhang Shu
Zhang Shu, a popular name in China, is famous for modern musician Zhang Shu, CI Poet Zhang Shu of Tang Dynasty and Professor Zhang Shu of Tongji University.
brief introduction
Zhang Shu, formerly known as Zhang enxing, was born in Shexian County, Anhui Province on September 18, 1908. Influenced by the music of Hui opera in his hometown, he was able to play the piano to accompany Hui opera when he was 8 years old. After graduating from middle school in 1927, he was admitted to Shanghai University of Arts and once joined the "Nanguo society" led by Tian Han. The next year, he was admitted to Shanghai National Conservatory of music, majoring in vocal music, cello, piano, Pipa and composition. During his study in school, Zhang Shu has shown his talents in many aspects. He once held erhu solo concerts. In 1930, he was arrested and jailed for participating in progressive activities. After he got out of prison, he returned home to study in a music academy.
In 1933, Zhang Shu joined the Communist Party of China. In this year, he, Nie Er, Ren Guang and others organized the left-wing Music Group "Friends of the Soviet Union" music group, studied and discussed the development path of Chinese song creation, and actively participated in social revolutionary music activities. After the outbreak of the Anti Japanese War, Zhang Shu and Xian Xinghai organized the "national singing Association" at the end of 1937. The following year, Zhang Shu and Xian Xinghai participated in the third Hall of the Political Department of the Military Commission of the Chinese Kuomintang led by Guo Moruo, and actively carried out Anti Japanese and national salvation singing activities in Wuhan. In December 1938, he moved to Guilin with the third hall, and continued to adhere to the Anti Japanese national salvation music activities. On December 24, 1938, he and his beloved daughter Zhang Dazhen died in a Japanese plane bombing. At the age of 30, they were buried in the Lingjian River under Qixingyan, Guilin.
In his short life, Zhang Shu composed more than 200 songs, of which more than 80 are now available. Most of his themes show the fighting spirit of the Chinese people against aggression and oppression, and his tone is full of strong national style. His representative works include "defending the land", "husband going to be a soldier", "the front line of a strong man", "sunset", "driving jackals", "Hongbo song" and so on. His creation and social activities have a certain influence in the history of Chinese music. After 1933, Zhang Shu wrote a large number of Anti Japanese and national salvation songs, among which "return my mountains and rivers", "Hongbo song", "husband going to be a soldier", "sunset" and "beating jackals" had a wide influence. In the Anti Japanese singing movement, Xian Xinghai's songs "Mo ti", "vast Siberia" and his own works are powerful, sincere and touching, leaving a deep impression on people.
On September 3, 1940, at a memorial meeting held in Chongqing to commemorate the death of Zhang Shu, Zhou Enlai said in his speech that " Mr. Zhang Shu and Nie Er are two powerful generals on the Chinese cultural front It has greatly promoted the Anti Japanese War of the whole people This achievement will never be lost. " This is the conclusion and evaluation of Zhang Shu's life performance.
Elegy for Zhang Shu
Guo Moruo's elegiac couplet
Nine songs spread all over the world;
One death will last forever.
——Guo Moruo, director of the third Department of the Political Department of the Military Commission of the Kuomintang, joined Zhang Shu's poetry couplet
.
He was kind to be a father, loyal to his people, and devoted to his country when he died;
Under the poor yellow spring, on the poor blue, nine songs call Yi soul, eternal protection banners.
——Guo Moruo, director of the third Department of the Political Department of the Military Commission of the Chinese Kuomintang
In Guilin in 1938, Japanese enemy planes often bombed. At that time, ordinary people were used to air raids and didn't feel terrible. They often refused to hide when there was an alarm. In addition, the enemy plane took off from Guangzhou. The distance between the advance warning and the emergency warning was very short, and sometimes it was too late to hide. Therefore, some people simply do not hide. In this way, Zhang Shu and his daughter suffered a tragic sacrifice. At noon on December 24, Zhang Shu went home for lunch. It is said that he and his wife, Ms. Zhou, had a little disagreement. The family was starting to eat when the alarm came. His wife ran to the entrance of the nearby city gate to escape, but Zhang Shu and his 3-year-old daughter did not go with him. When the alarm went off, the father and daughter were killed in the garden. The daughter held in his father's hand has been bloody, his father's head was blown into an empty shell. Zhou Jie went home and fainted at the sight. When I woke up, I felt nervous for a moment. When I saw anyone, I called "Zhang Shu" and kept singing "Hongbo Qu" composed by Zhang Shu. Zhang Shu was the first comrades to participate in the propaganda office of the third hall, and Xian Xinghai made great efforts in the spread of Anti Japanese war songs. Zhang Shu was so tragically sacrificed that people sincerely expressed their grief.
At the memorial service held by all walks of life in Guilin, Guo Moruo, director of the third Department of the Political Department of the Military Commission of the Chinese Kuomintang, wrote four elegiac couplets for Zhang Shu and his daughter.
By the Bank of Dongting Lake and the head of Yangzi River, the three Chu heroes were aroused to go to the front line together. In the city of Bagui, under the cliff of seven stars, they swore to avenge this.
——Guo Moruo, director of the third Department of the Political Department of the Military Commission of the Chinese Kuomintang
A piece of blood fuzzy, can't tell which is the father, which is the daughter, father and daughter died together, left orchestral revolution;
After years of hard struggle, the whole nation worked hard to save our country and our nation, and vowed to build resistance and comfort our loyal souls.
——Guo Moruo, director of the third Department of the Political Department of the Military Commission of the Chinese Kuomintang
The first couplet describes the tragic situation that Zhang Shu and his daughter were killed by a Japanese plane. Zhang Shu died, but his songs continued to serve the revolution. The second couplet summarized the situation at that time, and vowed to complete the great task of the Anti Japanese War and the founding of the people's Republic to comfort Zhang Shu's loyal soul. The first sentence of "hardship" here means "hardship"; the last sentence of "Anti Japanese construction" refers to the cause of Anti Japanese War and nation building. The language of this couplet is popular and sincere.
Huang Zi died of illness, Nie Er died in the sea, and Zhang Shu died of enemy bombing;
The song of resisting the enemy was in the front, the song of road was in the back, and the song of Hongbo was in the period of jihad.
——Guo Moruo, director of the third Department of the Political Department of the Military Commission of the Chinese Kuomintang
Commemorating, chanting and embedding Zhang Shu's couplet
The mountains and rivers open the spiritual realm;
An Zhonghun by Lingjian river.
——The tomb of Zhang Shu at the foot of Qixing mountain in the eastern suburb of Guilin City, Guangxi Province
Benevolence, righteousness, faithfulness and tireless kindness;
Wealth and fortune are my life.
——The former residence of Zhang Shu in rouchuan village, Kengkou Township, she County, Anhui Province
Zhang Shu's former residence is in rouchuan village, Kengkou Township, she County, Anhui Province. As early as January 1988, he County People's government designated him as a key cultural relics protection unit at the county level. Rouchuan is not only the birthplace of Zhang Shu, but also the place where he germinated music cells and obtained the Enlightenment of music culture. The former residence is located on the side of the path under sangling, with its back against the back mountain full of fir trees and green bamboos and facing the murmuring stream. The high horse head wall with the auspicious unicorn and the brick door cover with the cornice and corner raised tell people that this is an ancient Hui Style Residence built in the late Ming and early Qing Dynasties. The layout of the former residence is a brick and wood building with three bays, two entrances, two patios, two floors in front and three floors in back. The open door hall is a reception hall called "Yizheng hall". Zhang Fengshan said: in those days, the plaque of "Yizheng hall" was hung above the hall, but it was smashed in the "Cultural Revolution". Hanging under the plaque is the calligraphy nave of Zhu Zi's motto, with a pair of couplets on both sides (see the couplet of "nave" below). On the two pillars of the front door, the couplet of "Tang Zhu" is hung. Zhang Shu spent his childhood and youth here. He joined a private school at the age of 7, and has been learning folk musical instruments and music with Zhang Shuzi, the leader of the village lantern singing group since childhood. From then on, I will share music with my lifelong love. Zhang Shu used to use a soil Sanxian, which is still hanging in the hall of his former residence. Next to it is a harmonica without shell left by him. Now, seeing things and thinking about old friends, it seems that the familiar Hui rhyme is flowing in my ears
Reading for good is the way of happiness;
Grow flowers and grow bamboos.
——Zhang Shu's former residence, yizhengtang middle hall, rouchuan village, Kengkou Township, Shexian County, Anhui Province. On the wall leading to the side door of the back hall, Zhang Shu's former residence posted a piece of "official newspaper" in July 1924, which was the great joy that Zhang Shu left his hometown to study in Quzhou, Zhejiang Province with his father when he was 14 years old, and finally graduated from Quxian primary school with the first place in the school As good as ever, it can be called a miracle and a highlight of Zhang Shu's former residence. The wing room on the east side of the second floor of the front hall is the room where Zhang Shu lives. The carved red lacquer wooden bed and used writing saddle table and other old furniture that Zhang Shu used to sleep in those years are still placed as before. Many letters from Zhang Shu's father to him in those years are still placed in the drawer of the saddle table. The small leather case and high foot porcelain oil lamp on the table tell the story of his hometown from Quzhou to Huizhou, and tell the story of his studying hard one by one sleepless night.
In June 1934, Tian Han was invited to stay here for a few days. This is not only Zhang Shu's last visit to his hometown, but also his room is full of splendor due to the presence of Tian Han, who wrote the lyrics of the march of the volunteers. On December 20, 1988, Shexian county held the "80th anniversary of Zhang Shu's birth and 50th anniversary of his death" conference. After Zhang Shu's two daughters, Shuyun and Shusheng, who were engaged in music and dance in Beijing, came to their former residence, they also insisted on living in the room and wooden bed where their father lived. Hongbo and ququ explore the source, but Zhang Shu's former residence is not enough. Today, the statue of Zhang Shu stands on the Bank of Lianjiang River in Shexian county. People in his hometown will always remember him.
personal anecdote
Spirit and loyal soul
"The mountains and rivers open up the spiritual realm, and the loyal soul is safe by the Lingjian river." This is the couplet of Zhang Shu's Mausoleum on the Bank of Lingjian river at the foot of Qixing mountain in the eastern suburb of Guilin. People built a cemetery here to commemorate him. On the afternoon of the martyrdom, the Nationalist Army
Chinese PinYin : Zhang Shu
Zhang Shu
