Zhang Jiayu

Zhang Jiayu

Zhangjiayu (1616-1647), the word Yuanzi, No. Zhiyuan. He was born in Dongguan County, Guangzhou Prefecture, Guangdong Province. The famous general of Nanming anti Qing Dynasty, a national hero, is one of the "three loyalties of Lingnan".

(overview photo source: Zhang Jiayu's statue was published in the Journal of quintessence of Chinese culture in 1905)

brief introduction

Zhang Jiayu (1616-1647), named xuanzi and Zhiyuan, is a Han nationality native of Wanjiang Town, Dongguan, Guangdong Province. He is a famous general of Nanming anti Qing Dynasty, one of the three loyalists of Lingnan, a patriotic poet and a great national hero.

Profile

On December 13, the 43rd year of Wanli in the Ming Dynasty (January 31, 1616), he was born into a poor family in cuntou village, northwest of Dongguan county.

Zhang Jiayu

He is smart and smart. He is a beautiful man. He is proficient in scriptures, poetry, calligraphy and painting. "He is good at fencing and chivalry, and he often travels with Caoze heroes". This has a great influence on him in the future. He has a good fight with Zhang cangshui, and he has a wide range of friends.

At the age of 19, he was admitted as a scholar and a student member of Guangzhou Confucian school. He was a 22-year-old provincial examination winner, a 29 year-old Jinshi, and a scholar of Imperial Academy.

In May of the first year of Hongguang (1645), the Qing army conquered Nanjing. Emperor Hongguang Zhu Yousong was captured and Jiayu fled to Hangzhou. In June, Zhu Yujian, the king of the Tang Dynasty, was located in Fuzhou. In Longwu, the Yuan Dynasty, Zhang Jiayu was awarded the title of Imperial Academy's assistant lecturer and editor of imperial living notes. On the first day of July, Emperor Longwu personally attacked Jiangxi Province and ordered Zhang Jiayu to serve as a military officer to supervise Yongsheng army of yuyouying. In November, the Qing army besieged Fuzhou. He led the army to help. He used ambush to lure the enemy. First he defeated the Qing army in xuwan (now Linchuan County in Jiangxi Province), and then he defeated the Qing army in qianjinpo to break the siege of Fuzhou.

Character experience

In 1643, Zhang Jiayu was admitted to the Imperial Academy as a scholar.

In March of the next year, Li Zicheng's Department of the peasant uprising army invaded Beijing. Zhang Jiayu volunteered to write to Li Zicheng and expressed her willingness to serve for the uprising army. Xuan was defeated by the Qing army because of Li Zicheng's defeat, and Zhang turned to Emperor Hongguang of Nanming who ascended the throne in Nanjing. However, he was arrested and jailed because he was accused of defecting to Li Zicheng.

In the first year of Hongguang (1645), the Qing army invaded Nanjing, and Zhang Jiayu fled to Fuzhou, where he was appointed by Emperor Longwu of the Southern Ming Dynasty as the supervisor to rescue the Nanming army besieged in Fuzhou, Jiangxi Province. The following year, the Qing army captured Fuzhou, Zhang was injured and defeated, and led his troops back to Fuzhou. Then he was appointed governor Guangxin of youjindu.

In the first month of the second year of Longwu (1646), in the battle to defend Fuzhou new city, Zhang Jiayu fell down with an arrow and broke his arm. Fortunately, Dusi linxiong risked his life to save him. Later, he was ordered to raise salaries and recruit soldiers in Chaozhou and Huizhou of Guangdong Province, and was appointed as the "Prime Minister of supervision" of the new army. He recruited more than 100000 peasants in Chaohui, and selected 10000 of them to form five battalions. Soon after, Emperor Longwu was killed in Tingzhou. The newly established new army had to be disbanded because of the general situation and the lack of food and pay. He returned to his hometown of Dongguan in August. In December, the Qing army conquered Guangzhou. Tong Yangjia, the governor of Guangdong and Guangxi, sent people to Yujia's home many times to persuade him to surrender. He refused and made an appointment with Chen Bangyan and Chen Zizhuang to fight near Guangzhou.

In the first month of the first year of Yongli (1647), the Qing army entered Dongguan, burning, killing and looting everywhere, which aroused strong resistance from Dongguan people. People in the water area organized to fight against the Qing Dynasty one after another. Ye Ruri, the leader of Daojiao, sent a boat to welcome Zhang Jiayu and respected him as the commander-in-chief. He selected more than 5000 valiant soldiers and vowed to fight against the Qing Dynasty. On March 14, Zhang Yu led the rebel army into Dongguan City, captured Zheng Zi, the magistrate of the Qing Dynasty, and appointed Zhang Li, the former Confucian instructor of Dongguan in the Ming Dynasty, as the magistrate. After the arrangement was completed, he returned to Daojiao to prepare for the recovery of Guangzhou.

On March 17, Li Chengdong, the governor of Guangdong Province in the Qing Dynasty, led a large army to attack Guancheng, and Jiayu led a rebel army to fight against it in wanjiangzu and Daojiao, and defeated Xixiang. His grandmother Chen, his mother Li and his sister Shi Bao all drowned themselves; his wife Peng died unyielding. Later, zhangjiayu's volunteers were constantly supplemented, and successively conquered Xin'an, BOLUO, Lianping, Changning, Guishan, Zengcheng and other places. In October, Li Chengdong concentrated his troops on the garrison of zhangjiayu in Zengcheng. The two sides fought for ten days. Zhangjiayu was seriously injured by nine arrows and was unwilling to be captured. He threw himself into the pond and died at the age of 31. The following year (1648), Emperor Yongli of the Southern Ming Dynasty granted him the title of Prince Shaobao, Dongge bachelor and Minister of the Ministry of officials. Before long, he also presented his posthumous title of "Wenlie" to the Taibao and Prince Taibao, the great Bachelor of wuyingdian, and the Marquis of Zengcheng. There are many poems left by Zhang Jiayu. Later generations have compiled "Zhang Wenlie's army manuscript" and "Zhang Wenlie's collection".

Chinese PinYin : Zhang Jia Yu