Zhang Jizhi

Zhang Jizhi

Zhang Jizhi (1186-1263), a calligrapher of Song Dynasty, was born in Liyang (now Hexian County, Anhui Province) with the name of Wenfu and the name of Chuliao. Born in a family of distinguished officials, he is the son of Zhang Xiaobo, a scholar of politics, and the nephew of patriotic poet Zhang Xiaoxiang. He is the eighth grandson of Zhang Ji, a famous poet in the middle Tang Dynasty. Li Guan supervised the grain Research Institute of Pingjiang Prefecture, and he was appointed as a supervisor and a Si Nong Si Cheng. He was awarded the crown prince, Taifu and Zhimi Pavilion.

Historical records

"Song History" records: Zhang Jizhi, the word Wenfu, the son of Xiaobo, who was involved in political affairs. He was awarded chengwulang by his father's favor, and was promoted by the transportation department of central and Zhejiang provinces. Ding Fu worry, service, supervision Lin'an house shop. Ding Mu you, Fu Chu, supervised the Longshan tax of Lin'an Prefecture and the liquor and Qu affairs of Ningguo Fucheng, signed a letter to Jingmen Military Justice Office, Wu Chengcheng, specially assigned a letter to Jiangyin Military Justice Office, promoted the reward of the wine storehouse, added the words of the two Zhejiang transportation departments, supported the army in charge of the wine storehouse, supervised the six departments of Shangshu, and cited the words of the Changping Department on Huainan East Road He was appointed to Yangzhou, Zhenjiang, and Jiaxing. He was appointed as a supervisor, a military supervisor, and a Si Nong Temple supervisor. When he knew Jiaxing, he didn't go there. He was in charge of Yuntai temple, a beggar's temple, and he was appointed to Zhimi pavilion to serve as an official.

In the fourth year of Baoyou's reign, Yu Hui, the governor of Langzhou, went to Sichuan to slander and impeach Wang Weizhong. So he cut his loyalty to his five senses and didn't get into his capital. He issued an imperial edict to punish him for false accusations and abandoned the market. But when he was in prison, he called his friend Chen Dafang and said, "my death should be appealed to heaven. "There is no difference in the seven strokes of the blade, and the blood flows counter current. That is to say, although he lived in leisure, he moved his book to huaidong, and made the envoy Jia Sidao sympathize with his orphans. He also made sun Shiqian marry Wei Zhong's orphan daughter. In recent years, it seems that Tao enters the prime minister, and Zhongshu Sheren often changes his mind. In the first year of JINGDING's reign, he gave it back to the leader, changed his burial with rites, and restored the Jintan field. That is to say, he can read all over the world, and the Jin people especially treasure his calligraphy.

Social evaluation

Zhang Jizhi's calligraphy was deeply influenced by the people of Tang Dynasty. He studied Ouyang Xun, Chu suiliang and Yan Zhenqing for the first time, and Su Shi, Huang Tingjian and Mi Fu in the Northern Song Dynasty were also his subjects. Later, he took Hanli and Jin Tang Scriptures as reference, and was influenced by Zen philosophy, so he formed a unique style of calligraphy. He was able to "inherit family studies alone" and set up his own system with Zhang Xiaoxiang's book as the main theme. On the basis of inheriting the traditional techniques of the ancients, he absorbed many nutrients and then made bold innovations. Zhang Jizhi is good at regular script and list script, especially in writing big characters. He is erudite and knowledgeable. "He is clean in nature, likes to study books, and is good at classics and history." Zhang Jizhi is the most important figure in the Southern Song Dynasty. There are six people in the history of Chinese calligraphy in Song Dynasty, including Zhang Jizhi, and the other five are four scholars and Zhao Ji in the Northern Song Dynasty. Zhang Jizhi was an innovator in the late Southern Song Dynasty who made great efforts to change the declining style of calligraphy by revitalizing the art of calligraphy. According to the biography of the history of the Song Dynasty, it is said that it "hears the world with its books" and "the big characters are elegant and vigorous, and the small books are especially handsome and healthy". His writing is simple and concise, his writing is solid and vigorous, his stippling looks forward to his life, his words are beautiful and strong, which makes his words lively, fresh and unconventional. His book, the volume of poems by Du Fu with big characters, was rated as "a weather of long wind and waves" by predecessors. Although the Nuzhen people were far away in the north and were hostile to the Southern Song Dynasty, they did not hesitate to buy Zhang Jizhi's calligraphy works. The handed down works include regular script: Buddhist relic Scripture, Vajra Prajna paramita Scripture, taishangdong Xuanlingbao no measure human superior classic, running script shuangsongtuge, dailiuyuanji, shudushi, Wangshi baobenan, etc.

Representative works

The volume of regular script "Buddhist relic scripture" is now collected in Beijing Palace Museum; the volume of running script "waiting for leakage" is collected in Shanghai Museum; the volume of running script "Wang Shi Bao Ben An Ji" is collected in Liaoning Provincial Museum; there are also the volume of "Da Zi Du Shi" and so on.

Appreciation of works

Work 1: Vajra Prajna paramita Sutra

This paper is 34.6 cm in length and 1286.9 cm in width. Liaoning Provincial Museum.

The volume is 34.6cm in length, and the font should be large, which is rare in the calligraphy works of Song Dynasty. This has a lot to do with his study of Yan Zhenqing '.

From this calligraphy, we can see that Zhang Jizhi's pen is very sharp and decisive, and his dry pen is as old as a pine. With the brush out, but send in place, at the end of the pen when you see frustration, you can see that Mi Fu had been affected. There are light and heavy strokes between strokes, which appear alternately, especially vivid. But on the other hand, Zhang Jizhi's calligraphy is "skillful and vulgar, lacking the taste of high antiquity.". If you want to be humble, you want to be humble, you want to be humble, you want to be humble, you want to be humble, you want to be humble, you want to be humble, you want to be humble, you want to be humble, you want to be humble, you want to be humble, you want to work hard and you want to be humble.

Work 2 shuhuayan Sutra

This volume is a fragment of Huayan Sutra, which has been converted into a volume and is now stored in Anhui Provincial Museum. No money. The seal has Liang's seal. Zhang Heng and other painting experts identified it as the original work of Zhang Jizhi.

Artistic achievements

Zhang Jizhi's calligraphy was deeply influenced by the people of Tang Dynasty. Later, he transferred to Mi Fu and took part in the Han Li calligraphy of Jin and Tang Dynasties. He was able to "inherit the family study independently" and set up his own system. Zhang Jizhi is good at regular script and list script, especially in writing big characters. Regular script has a rigorous and dignified structure, while running script has a dry and hard pen, which is close to carving, without a sense of warmth and elegance. Some people call it "Song Shu palace army".

Career

Zhang Jizhi, as his father Yinquan, was a transit envoy between China and Zhejiang. I'm a Jinshi. Li Guan supervised the grain Research Institute of Pingjiang Prefecture, and he was appointed as a supervisor and a Si Nong Si Cheng. Later, Jiaxing was known, so let it be. He was awarded the crown prince, Taifu and Zhimi Pavilion.

Personal influence

Zhang Jizhi, as a famous calligrapher in the Southern Song Dynasty, was born in the Tang Dynasty. His style is rigorous, and his brushwork is bold and vigorous. It had a great influence on the calligraphy world at that time. The people of Jin Dynasty especially liked its ink and regarded it as rare. The people of northern Jin Dynasty also followed its style.

Chinese PinYin : Zhang Ji Zhi