What

What's his surname

The surname he comes from the surname Ji. The son of King Wu of Zhou Dynasty was granted the title of Han and destroyed the country. His descendant Han Wuzi (another way of saying is that Han Wuzi is the descendant of Uncle Huan of Qu Wo, the same clan of Jin Dynasty, that is, after uncle Yu of Tang Dynasty, the younger sister of King Cheng of Zhou Dynasty) became an official of Jin Dynasty and was granted the title of Han Yuan, taking the place as his surname. Later, he separated from Zhao and Wei families and became princes. When the first emperor of Qin destroyed the six states, the Han family fled between the Yangtze and Huaihe rivers.

Nowadays, the surname he generally accounts for more than 1% of the population in southern provinces, but only about 0.5% in northern provinces. The most concentrated population is in Sichuan, Guangdong and Hunan, accounting for about 44% of the population of the Han nationality in China. He is the 17th largest surname in China, with a large population, accounting for about 1.2% of the Han population.

Historical development

Origin of surname

The surname he (H é) comes from:

Jin was a vassal state in the early Zhou Dynasty. The first monarch was Tang Shuyu. His surname was Ji, his name was Yu, and his name was Zi Gan. He is the son of King Wu of Zhou and the younger brother of King Cheng of Zhou. He was granted a place in the Tang Dynasty. Yu's son "Xiefu had Jinshui in the south of Yaoxu, and he was changed to be the Marquis of Jin" (see maoshipu). The wife of King Wu of Zhou was the daughter of Jiang Taigong, who was revered as the virgin by later generations. When King Wu of Zhou and his wife Yijiang got together, he had a dream that the emperor of heaven said to him, "I want you to have a son named Yu. In the future, you can give him the state of Tang.". Later, when the fetus was born, there was a word "Yu" in the palm of the hand, so it was named Yu and called Shuyu. In the three characters of "Tang Shu Yu", Tang is the place name, Shu is the rank, Yu is the name, Ji is the surname.

Famous works of surnames in Tang Dynasty

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Yuanhe surname Zuan

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According to the record, "Han Wang'an, the grandson of Tang Shuyu, the younger brother of King Cheng of Zhou Dynasty, was destroyed by the Qin Dynasty, and his descendants were scattered between the Yangtze River and the Huaihe River

The origin of the surname "Ji Han he" of he family in Lujiang has been confirmed by epitaphs of He De, he Hongjing and he Chu in Tang Dynasty.

According to the research on the family morphology of Shang and Zhou dynasties, "the surname he was inscribed on the bronzes of the late Shang Dynasty, and it is the surname of the king of Shang with different surnames.". In addition, the oracle inscriptions on bones and tortoise shells have records of the people who participated in the sacrifice.

There is also the surname he from ethnic minorities. In the western regions of Han and Tang Dynasties, there was a Kangju regime established by Yueshi people. Zhaowu City, which originally lived in the north of Qilian Mountains, was defeated by Xiongnu people. In the western regions of China, the state of Kang was established and became more and more powerful. The regimes of MI, Shi, Cao, he, an, xiao'an, nasebo, wunachang and mu in the western regions were successively attached to the state of Kang. They all took Zhaowu as their surname to show that they did not forget their origin. He is one of the nine surnames of Zhaowu.

From the change of his surname. According to the genealogy of surnames, the descendants of Han Dynasty fierce slave Shan Yu had the surname of "he Nai" after returning to Han Dynasty, and also wrote the surname of "he Nai". In Jin Dynasty, there was a general under Muwang Jun of Youzhou, who had the surname of "he Nai" and the name of "Hu". There are also multiple surnames such as "he Ba", "He Ju", "he Lang", "he Lu" and "he Qiu". In addition, the little boy described in he she should be the he surname of Ji. In addition, there is he family in the branch of the surname of Shang. The Dutch surname Bosman was changed to he. At the end of the Qing Dynasty, he Shiwen, a Dutch Jew who came to Hong Kong for development, originally took Bosman as his surname. Bosman's Cantonese pronunciation was boss-e-man, which was transliterated as "hoszeman" in Cantonese. In addition, it is speculated that he Shiwen's Chinese surname was "he" in order to show that he came from the Netherlands. See he Qidong family for details.

Originated from the official position, it comes from the Han Dynasty palace official he, which takes the official title as the surname.

Guahe, also known as guae, is a female official name set up in the Han Dynasty, and later became the title of concubines in the Western Han Dynasty. He was named by Liu Che, Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty. Later, according to the ruling regulations of Liu He, emperor yuan of the Han Dynasty, he was under Zhaoyi and was equivalent to the Marquis of Guannei. He is in charge of the affairs of the inner palace, and has a very high position. He is a second grade official with a rank ratio of two thousand stones. It is recorded in the historical book "six kinds of Han officials · old instruments of Han officials · supplement": "general Ke Zhibi, imperial historian. People call it "what is it?". "He rank ratio of two thousand stone." In the Han Dynasty, all the officials in charge of the central authorities, such as Taichang, guangluxun, Weiwei, Taipu, Tingwei, dahonglu Zongzheng, Dasinong, Shaofu and zhijinwu, were zhong2000shi Fenglu.

Among the descendants of kuohe, there are those who take the official title of their former grandmother as their surname.

Originated from the name of the country, it comes from the state of he in the western regions during the Sui Dynasty. It takes the name of the country as a surname.

What country in the western regions is actually the Chinese translation of the first syllable of "qushuang Youjia". "Qushuangyoujia" is the translation of Sanskrit words kushacirc; Nika, Middle Persian kushacirc; Nik, Arabic kushacirc; niyya, etc. He Kingdom is located between Gukang Kingdom and Guan kingdom. It is the hub connecting East and West Sogdians. It is also translated as "guishuangni". It is one of the nine surnamed countries of Zhaowu. It once belonged to the jurisdiction of Tang Dynasty.

It originates from the change of surname and belongs to the surname of taking a surname for some reason.

① In the Eastern Han Dynasty, there was a man named he Miao. His original surname was Zhu. Later he called himself he. His descendants multiplied and became a branch of he.

② The he family in huangtun, Lujiang County, Anhui Province, is a descendant of Fang Xiaoru, a famous Confucianist in the Ming Dynasty. After Fang Xiaoru was executed, the Fang family moved from Jiangxi Province to Anhui Province to change the he family. However, according to the genealogy of the he family, they were born with the surname he, and after their death they were given the surname Fang. This is a very special situation in the origin of he clan.

③ In Puyang's genealogy of he family in Qiushan Yimen compiled by he kekun in the Qing Dynasty, it is said that he Yanshou, the first ancestor of he family, moved to Puyang in the eighth year of Dazhong in the Tang Dynasty from the end of Tai Dynasty to the 20th generation of Huaien in the end of Yuan Dynasty. He had no children, so he took his nephew Xu Zongfu as his successor. The former genealogy was named Xu family before Zongfu, and the other two genealogies of he family in Puyang Qiushan respect Xu Yi or Xu Zongfu as the first ancestor of the Southern Song Dynasty.

④ In the 48th year of the reign of Emperor Kangxi of the Qing Dynasty, he Shiling, a native of Xincheng City, Shandong Province, was an official. His original surname was Chen, and his seventh ancestor followed his uncle's surname. This kind of surname source is rare.

It originated from the descendants of the Bo people. According to folklore, the Bo people were not killed. The local family of he family is the descendants of the Bo people. It is also said that the ancestor of he family was originally named "a" and changed his name to "he" because he avoided the suppression of the current Dynasty. In the history of the Ming Dynasty, there is a record of the killing of a Dawang, the leader of Bo people, in Jiusi City, the capital city of Bo. Someone once visited an old man surnamed he in the local area. He Daning, the ancestor of he Daning, was originally a chieftain of the same clan as ADA and ah. Later he joined the army under a general surnamed he and changed his name to he. Gongxian County is located in the border of Sichuan, Yunnan and Guizhou provinces. It is the most typical place for hanging coffins in ancient times. In the past, there was a Ming proverb "you barley (Yi nationality), fan Miaozi, he Jia guayanzi in the back mountain". As for why Bo people have the custom of hanging coffins, Gong county annals records: "it is said that there is Luo Yin, because Bo people tried to destroy their ancestors, they were taught to hang coffins on the rocks, and their descendants were Gao Xian. So we fight to hang high rock for good luck. "

Originated from the Mongolian nationality, it belongs to the Han nationality and changed its surname to surname.

(1) the kaliyeti family of the Mongolian nationality comes from the ancient kaliy tribe of the Mongolian nationality. The leader is the famous Wang Han. After Genghis Khan destroyed the kaliy tribe, they all belonged to Genghis Khan. At the end of the Ming Dynasty, the kaliyeti family of the Mongols was crowned with the Han surnames of he and he.

(2) the Mongolian Guoerluosi, also known as huoluolasi, huolulaisi, guoerluote, etc. after the middle of the Qing Dynasty, most of the Mongolian Guoerluosi were given the Han surnames of he, Guo, Gao, etc.

(3) the Mongolian Xia'er Gaole family, also known as Xia'er huole family and Xia'er gule family, is based on Xia'er ha (today's Dulan, Qinghai). After the middle of the Qing Dynasty, there were many Han surnames, such as he family, Xia family and Huang family.

(4) according to the historical records of the biography of Manchu and Han ministers, the mangnut family of the Mongolian nationality is a tribe of the kalka Mongols. Today, the mangnut family is distributed in the vast areas north of Hetao, Mongolia and south of Baikal Lake in Russia, and it is one of the main surnames in Mongolia. After the late Qing Dynasty, the mang nute family of the Mongols in China was more than the Han family.

(5) the kashketeng family of the Mongolian nationality takes Di as its surname. Keshiketeng was given the title of "quexuetai" by Genghis Khan, the Taizu of the Yuan Dynasty, namely the pro army guard. In the Qing Dynasty, it was called Keshiketeng Banner, and later it was given the surnames of he and he.

(6) the maohulai family of the Mongolian nationality is a descendant of the Muhuali of the zalayir tribe in Mongolia. The Mongolian mohulai is the Mongolian pronunciation of the Muhuali. Zhalayier Muhuali is a famous Mongolian general and commander in chief of attacking Jin. He was resolute, resourceful, brave and good at fighting. He assisted Genghis Khan in unifying all the Mongolian tribes and made outstanding achievements. He was praised as one of the "four heroes" by the Mongolian nation. His descendants took his name as their surname and lived in Erdos (now Erdos, Inner Mongolia). Later, most of his descendants took the Han surnames of he, Mou and Li.

(7) manghuti, also known as manggude and mangnude, of Mongolian nationality. After the middle of the Qing Dynasty, the Monggol's manghuti family was more than the Han's, such as the he's, the Niu's and so on.

(8) mangenut family of Mongolian nationality, originated from the descendants of the branch of manghuti in Yuan Dynasty, lived in Kalaqin (now the left wing of Kalaqin in Inner Mongolia). Later, the surname was introduced by Manchu, and the Manchu language was manggenut Hala. After the middle of the Qing Dynasty, there were many Han surnames named he and Niu.

(9) the bulutu family of the Mongolian nationality lived in Keshiketeng (now Chifeng, Inner Mongolia). Later, the surname was introduced by Manchu, and bultu Hala was used in Manchu. After the middle of the Qing Dynasty, the surnames of he and he were used in Han Dynasty.

(10) the hele family of the Mongolian nationality, also known as the hele family, lived in Balin (now the left and right banners of Balin, Inner Mongolia). Later, the surname was introduced by Manchu, and the Manchu name was herehala. After the middle of the Qing Dynasty, many Han surnames were given the surname why.

(11) the Mongolians and the tuoguote family, also known as the holet family, live in unknown places. Later, the surname was quoted by Manchu, and it was het in Manchu

Chinese PinYin : He