Zhang Zhongjing

Zhang Zhongjing

Zhang Zhongjing (about 150-154 A.D. - about 215-219 A.D.) was born in neiyang County of Nanyang in the Eastern Han Dynasty. At the end of the Eastern Han Dynasty, he was a famous medical scientist, who was honored as the sage of medicine by later generations. Zhang Zhongjing collected a wide range of medical prescriptions and wrote a masterpiece on febrile diseases. It establishes the principle of syndrome differentiation and treatment, which is the basic principle of TCM clinic and the soul of TCM.

In the aspect of prescription science, treatise on febrile diseases has also made great contributions, creating many dosage forms and recording a large number of effective prescriptions. The treatment principle of six meridians syndrome differentiation established by him is highly praised by medical experts of all ages. This is China's first medical monograph from theory to practice, which establishes the principle of syndrome differentiation and treatment. It is one of the most influential works in the history of Chinese medicine. It is a necessary classic work for later scholars to study traditional Chinese medicine. It is widely valued by medical students and clinical doctors.

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Zhang Zhongjing, whose name is Ji and the word is Zhongjing, was born in nieyang County of Nanyang County in the Eastern Han Dynasty (now Nanyang County in Henan Province). He was a great medical scientist in ancient times. His medical work treatise on febrile diseases has played a great role in promoting the development of later medicine.

Zhang Zhongjing lived in the last years of the Eastern Han Dynasty, which was a very turbulent era in Chinese history. Within the ruling class, there was a "Curse of Party imprisonment" in which relatives and eunuchs fought and killed each other. Warlords and great powers also fought for hegemony in the Central Plains. The flames of peasant uprising rose one after another. For a while, wars continued. In order to avoid the war, the people fled one after another, and there were no less than millions of displaced people. In the first year of emperor Xiandi of Han Dynasty (190ad), Dong Zhuo took emperor Xiandi of Han Dynasty and millions of residents of Luoyang area to move to Chang'an. All palaces and houses in Luoyang were burned down. Within a radius of 200 Li, there was scorched earth. Countless people died in exile.

According to historical records, there were three major epidemics during the reign of emperor Huan and five during the reign of Emperor Ling in the Eastern Han Dynasty, and the epidemic was even more serious during the reign of Emperor Xian in Jian'an. Tens of thousands of people were engulfed by the disease, resulting in an unprecedented disaster. Especially in the Eastern Han Dynasty (AD 168-188), the epidemic scale of diseases was the largest in 171, 173, 179, 182 and 185. At that time, many people lost their lives in Nanyang. Zhang Zhongjing's family was originally a big family with a population of more than 200 people. In less than ten years since the early years of Jian'an, two-thirds of the people have died of epidemic diseases, and seven out of ten have died of typhoid fever. Facing the plague, Zhang Zhongjing was very sad and indignant. He hated the corruption of the rulers and pushed the people into dire straits. In this regard, Zhang Zhongjing is determined to devote himself to the diagnosis and treatment of typhoid, and must subdue the plague God of typhoid.

During the Jian'an period, he practiced medicine and traveled all over the country, witnessed the serious consequences of various epidemic diseases on the people, and put his years of research on typhoid into practice, which further enriched his experience and enriched and improved his rational understanding. After decades of hard work, he finally wrote an immortal work called treatise on febrile diseases. This is another brilliant medical book after Huangdi Neijing.

Treatise on Febrile and miscellaneous diseases is a special book which has been widely used in medical practice since the Qin and Han Dynasties. It is one of the most influential classical medical works in the history of Chinese medicine, and also the first great work on clinical therapeutics in China.

"Treatise on Febrile Diseases" has established Zhang Zhongjing's important position in the history of traditional Chinese medicine. With the passage of time, the scientific value of this monograph has become more and more obvious, and it has become an important medical book for future generations Zhang Zhongjing is also known as "medical sage" for his outstanding contribution to medicine. Zhang Zhicong, a doctor in Qing Dynasty, said: "those who don't know the four books can't be Confucians, and those who don't know the origin of treatise on febrile diseases can't be doctors." Later, the book spread abroad, and was highly praised by foreign medical circles, and became an important book to study. According to incomplete statistics, since the Jin Dynasty, more than 1000 Chinese and foreign scholars have sorted out, annotated and studied treatise on febrile diseases. There are nearly 200 scholars studying treatise on Febrile Diseases in neighboring Japan since kangpingnian (equivalent to Song Dynasty). In addition, the development of medicine in Korea, Vietnam, Indonesia, Singapore, Mongolia and other countries are also affected and promoted by it. At present, "Treatise on Febrile Diseases" and "synopsis of the Golden Chamber" are still one of the main basic courses in Chinese medicine colleges and universities.

According to historical records, in addition to treatise on Febrile and miscellaneous diseases, Zhang Zhongjing also wrote ten volumes of treatise on febrile diseases, one volume of prescription for evaluating diseases, two volumes of prescription for treating women, one volume of treatise on five collections and one volume of oral speech. Unfortunately, all of them have been lost for a long time. However, the outstanding contribution of this one treatise on febrile diseases is enough to make Zhang Zhongjing a great medical man in the world. Taoist Liang Xingyang referred to treatise on Febrile Diseases and oral diseases

work

1. Treatise on Febrile Diseases (lost, one of the four classic works of traditional Chinese Medicine) is the earliest clinical diagnosis and treatment book in China, which comprehensively expounds the theory and treatment principles of traditional Chinese medicine.

2. "Treatise on Febrile Diseases" is compiled by Wang Shuhe, the imperial physician of Jin Dynasty, according to the anecdotes about febrile diseases in "Treatise on Febrile Diseases".

3. In Song Dynasty, Wang Zhu, Lin Yi, sun Qi and others accidentally found the fragmentary slips of treatise on Febrile Diseases and miscellaneous diseases. They sorted out the parts about miscellaneous diseases into volumes and renamed them as synopsis of the golden chamber, which was published in the world.

Besides treatise on Febrile and miscellaneous diseases, Zhang Zhongjing also wrote ten volumes of treatise on febrile diseases, one volume of prescription for disease evaluation, two volumes of prescription for treating women, one volume of five collections theory and one volume of oral theory. Unfortunately, all of them have been lost for a long time. However, the outstanding contribution of this one treatise on febrile diseases is enough to make Zhang Zhongjing a great medical man in the world.

Research

1. Zhang Zhongjing

2. Analysis of Zhang Zhongjing's prescription

3. The essence of Zhang Zhongjing's prescriptions - Golden Chamber

4. The essence of Zhang Zhongjing's medical prescription - treatise on Febrile Diseases

5. Zhang Zhongjing's theory of prescriptions

6. Zhang Zhongjing's Pharmacology

7. Modern clinical application of Zhang Zhongjing's prescriptions

8. Zhang Zhongjing's disease Science

9. Experimental study on Zhang Zhongjing's prescription

10. Zhang Zhongjing Fang Zu

11. Zhang Zhongjing's health preservation

Life of the characters

Determination in troubled times

At the end of the Eastern Han Dynasty, a great clinical physician Zhang Zhongjing appeared in China. He not only had rich clinical experience and treated many patients with superb medical skills, but also wrote a creative medical masterpiece treatise on febrile diseases. With the publication of this great work, clinical medicine and prescription science in China have developed to a more mature stage. Zhang Zhongjing was born in a declining bureaucratic family. His father, Zhang Zonghan, was a scholar and an official in the imperial court. Because of the special conditions of his family, he had access to many classics since he was a child. He is also studious, well read and has a passion for medicine. He saw the story of Bian Que's visit to the Marquis of Qi Huan from the historical books, and admired Bian Que's superb medical skills. "Every time I look at Yue people's visit to Guo, and look at the color of the Marquis of Qi, I sigh with emotion that his talent is beautiful." Since then, he had a strong interest in medicine, which also laid the foundation for him to become a generation of medical masters.

At that time, people's minds were lax and the government was uneasy. The peasant uprising came one after another, the military disaster continued, and there were wars everywhere. The people suffered from the war disaster, and the epidemic disease spread, and many people died. It's really "life is ruined, and the corpses are everywhere". However, the government was too busy to fight for power. This made Zhang Zhongjing hate officialdom, despise official career, pity the people, sprouted the desire to learn medicine to save the people. In the fourth year of Yanxi (A.D. 161), Emperor Huan of the Han Dynasty, when he was about 10 years old, he worshipped Zhang bozu, a doctor of the same county, as a teacher and learned medical skills.

Zhang bozu was a famous doctor at that time. He was calm, simple and devoted himself to medicine. Every time we see a doctor or prescribe a prescription for a patient, we are very careful and thoughtful. Nine out of ten patients who have been treated by him can be cured. He is highly respected by the people. Zhang Zhongjing studied medicine with him very carefully. Whether he went out to see a doctor, copied prescriptions, or went up the mountain to collect medicine, or went home to process it, he was never afraid of hardship or fatigue. Zhang bozu liked this student very much and passed on his rich experience of practicing medicine all his life to him without reservation.

He Jia, a fellow countryman who is older than Zhang Zhongjing, knows him well. He once said, "you will be a good doctor in the future if you think of the essence but not the rhyme." It means that Zhang Zhongjing is talented, studious, intelligent and steady, but he has no temperament and demeanor to be an official. As long as you concentrate on medicine, you will become a famous doctor in the future. He's words strengthened Zhang Zhongjing's confidence in learning medicine, and from then on he studied harder. He read medical books and extensively absorbed the experience of various doctors for clinical diagnosis. He made great progress and soon became a famous doctor. He even surpassed his teacher in "being better than blue". At that time, people praised him as "his knowledge is more subtle than his teacher". Zhang Zhongjing advocated "seeking ancient precepts diligently" and earnestly studied and summarized the theoretical experience of predecessors.

He had carefully studied such ancient medical books as Su Wen, Ling Shu, Nan Jing, Yin Yang Da Lun and Tai Lu Yao Lu. Among them, plain questions has the greatest influence on him. "Plain questions" said: "husband fever, are typhoid and so on Also said: "the person's injury is also in the cold, then is the sickness heat." Zhang Zhongjing developed this theory according to his own practice. He believes that typhoid fever is the general name of all febrile diseases, that is, all diseases caused by exogenous diseases can be called "typhoid fever". He also carefully studied the principle of "syndrome differentiation and treatment" left by his predecessors, so as to improve the quality of life

Chinese PinYin : Zhang Zhong Jing