Ji Shao

Ji Shao

Ji Shao (253-304), named Yanzu, was born in Zhuxian County, Qiaojun county (now Linhuan Town, Suixi County, Anhui Province). He was the son of Ji Kang, a famous official and writer in the Western Jin Dynasty.

When Ji Shao was ten years old, his father was killed by general Sima Zhao and retired to the countryside. Under Shan Tao's persuasion and recommendation, he served as secretary Cheng. He successively served as Ruyin Taishou, Yuzhang Taishou, Xuzhou CI Shi, geishi Huangmen Shi Lang, etc. he moved to Sanqi Changshi, Guozi doctor, and was granted yiyangzi county. When simalun, king of Zhao, usurped the throne, he served as a servant. After all, Emperor Hui of the Jin Dynasty was still in the service. Later, he was an aide of Sima Fen, the king of Qi. After Sima Fen was killed, he returned to his hometown. Sima Yi, the king of Changsha, was in power and granted the title of general Pingxi to stabilize the morale of the army. Sima Ying, king of Chengdu, was in power and was abolished as a commoner.

In the first year of Yongxing (304), when the imperial court attacked Sima Ying, king of Chengdu, it restored the official rank. When he went to dangyin, he was defeated by Wang Shi, and all the officials ran away. Ji Shao fought to defend emperor Hui of Jin Dynasty, and was finally killed. Sima Gua, the king of Hejian, Sima Yue, the king of Donghai and Sima Rui, the king of Langya, expressed their loyalty one after another, and presented them to Sikong, doctor jinziguanglu and Taiwei, with the posthumous title of "Zhongmu". There are two volumes of collected works, which have been lost. Quan Jin Wen and Jin Shi have their own poems.

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Life of the characters

A good man is like a poor man

Ji Kang, Ji Shao's father, was killed when he was ten years old because he offended the Sima group. Ji Shao was filial and prudent in his mother's care, because his father was convicted and stayed at home. When Shantao, Ji Kang's good friend, was in charge of the election, he told Emperor Wu of the Jin Dynasty, "kanggao says," father and son are not related in crime. " Ji Shao's talent can be compared with that of Ying que. He should be appointed. Please let him be Secretary Lang Emperor Wu of Jin said to Shan Tao, "as you said, he is competent as a secretary, not to mention a secretary." So Ji Shao was called into the court as secretary Cheng. After he was promoted many times, he was the prefect of Ruyin, and the minister Zuo pushe thought highly of him. He often said, "if Ji Yanzu is appointed as the Minister of the Ministry of official affairs, there will be no more talents left out in the world." Dai Xi, a young and talented native of Pei state, made friends with Ji Han, Ji Shao's nephew. At that time, people believed that he would be of great use in the future, but Ji Shao thought that he would never become a great weapon. Dai Xi was later appointed as the governor of the state. He was expelled because of his misconduct. The villagers said Ji Shao had the wisdom of knowing people. later, he was transferred to the internal history of Yuzhang. Because of his mother's death, he did not take office. At the end of the mourning period, he paid homage to the governor of Xuzhou. At that time, Shi Chong was in charge of the military affairs in Xuzhou. Although his character was arrogant and violent, Ji Shao persuaded him with morality, and Shi Chong was very close to and respected him. Later Ji Shao left because of the death of his eldest son.

Fearless of the powerful

In the early years of Yuankang (291-299), Ji Shao was changed to be the Minister of the yellow gate. At that time, Jia MI, the servant, was in a high position at a young age by virtue of his kinship status. Pan Yue, Du bin and others attached to him. Jia Mi asks for friendship with Ji Shao, but Ji Shao refuses. When Jia MI was killed, Ji Shao was granted the title of Yi Yangzi because he didn't attach himself to the villains, and he was promoted to be a general servant on horseback and also a doctor of Guozi. In the first year of Yongkang (300 years), Chen Zhun, the Taiwei, passed away. He often asked for his posthumous title. Ji Shao retorted: "posthumous title is used to spread to later generations and will never die. People with great virtue should be given great name, while people with micro virtue should be given micro name." Wen and Wu "posthumous titles show the merits of the dead." Ling and Li "posthumous titles mark the ignorance of the dead. Because the officials who are in charge of the rule of rites have private feelings recently, the posthumous law is not based on principles. If the posthumous title given to Chen Zhun is too much, it should be "Miao." Although Ji Shao's opinion was not obeyed, the courtiers were very afraid of him. In the second year of Yongkang (301), Sima Lun, king of Zhao, usurped the throne and took Ji Shao as his servant. In the same year, Emperor Hui of Jin Dynasty succeeded to the throne again, and Ji Shao was still in charge. At that time, people suggested to recover Zhang Hua's official rank who had been killed. Ji Shao thought that Zhang Hua could not stick to the right path and that he should not recover his official rank. He also hoped that emperor Hui and those in power would learn a lesson.

Admonish with integrity

In the second year of Yongning (302), Sima Feng, the king of Qi, built his own house wantonly after assisting the government. His arrogance became more and more serious. Ji Shao admonished him for this. Although Sima Feng humbly and humbly rewarded Ji Shao, he just couldn't listen to his advice. Once, Sima Peng chatted with Dong AI and others in the palace and talked about state affairs. Ji Shao asked to see him in court clothes. Dong AI said to Sima fan, "Ji Shizhong is good at silk and bamboo. You can let him play the piano." Sima Fu also had this idea, so he ordered someone to carry the Qin in and ask Ji Shao to play. Ji Shao didn't want to, so Sima Feng said, "everyone is very happy today. Why are you so disappointed?" Ji Shaozhuang replied: "you should pay more attention to etiquette and order when you restore the country. I come to see you in a neat dress today. How can you let me do some music work? If I wear casual clothes and go back to a private banquet, I won't be able to refuse. " After hearing this, Sima Peng and Dong AI were very ashamed. Soon after, he was dismissed for official business, and Sima took him as Zuo Sima. A few days later, Sima was killed by Changsha King Sima Yi. Before, during the battle between the two sides, Ji Shao went to the palace. Someone was guarding the east pavilion with a crossbow. When he saw Ji Shao, he wanted to shoot him with an arrow. At the same time, Xiao Long, a general in the palace, saw Ji Shao's extraordinary appearance and suspected that he was not an ordinary person. So he came forward and grabbed the arrow, and Ji Shao was lucky to be spared. So I went back to my old house in Xingyang. In 303, Ji Shao was called to be the Prime Minister of the imperial censor. Sima Gu, the king of Hejian, and Sima Ying, the king of Chengdu, fought directly to Kyoto to attack Sima Yi. Huidi's car was stationed in the east of the city. Sima Yi said to his subordinates, "who do you want to be the governor in today's western expedition?" All the officers and men in the army said, "I hope Ji Shizhong will try his best to guide us in the front. Although we are dead, we are still alive." So Ji Shao was appointed as an envoy and a general of Pingxi. In the first year of Yongxing (304), Sima Yi was captured and Ji Shao served as an important servant. Officials below the Duke and king all went to Yecheng to apologize to Sima Ying, and Ji Shao and others were dismissed as civilians.

Ji Shi Zhong Xue

Soon after, the imperial court made a northern expedition, re enlisted Ji Shao as a servant, and restored his title. Ji Shao was exiled because of the emperor, and he took the imperial edict to go to Xingjia's residence. It happened that the imperial army was defeated in the battle of dangyin. Emperor Hui of Jin Dynasty was injured in the face and hit three arrows. All the officials and bodyguards fled one after another. Only Ji Shaozhuang straightened his crown and stood up to defend the emperor. Sima Ying's soldiers pressed Ji Shao on the straight wood in front of the carriage. Emperor Hui of Jin said, "this is a loyal minister. Don't kill him!" The sergeant replied, "by the order of emperor Tai di (SIMA Ying), I just don't hurt your majesty alone!" So he killed Ji Shao, blood splashed on emperor Hui's clothes, and Emperor Hui lamented for his death. When the war subsided, the servant wanted to wash his royal clothes. Emperor Hui of Jin said, "this is the blood of Ji Shi. Don't wash it away."

Mourning after death

When Zhang Fang forced emperor Hui to move to Chang'an, Sima Gu, the king of Hejian, went up to ask for a gift to Ji Shao Sikong. When Emperor Huidi was still in Luoyang, it didn't work. In the first year of Guangxi (306), Sima Yue, king of Donghai, went out of tunxu and passed through Ji Shao's tomb in Xingyang. He cried very sad. He set up a stone tablet for him and asked for a gift to the official. So emperor Huai sent envoys to Ji Shao's servant and Guanglu's doctor, and added gold Zhang Zishou to the throne. He became the Marquis of Yiyang. He gave a tomb field to ten families to guard and offer sacrifices in Shao prison. In the sixth year of Yongjia (312), Sima Rui, the king of Langya, was the Prime Minister of Zuo. He thought that Ji Shao's death was a great event, but the gift didn't recognize his merits, so he presented it to Taiwei and made a sacrifice in ethereal prison. In the first year of Taixing (318), Sima Rui, who was the emperor, gave Ji Shao the posthumous title of "Zhongmu" and offered sacrifices again.

Character evaluation

General comments

Ji shaosu is open-minded, free and easy, informal, but cheerful and restrained, open-minded but not messy. He cohabits with his nephew Ji Han and other five people, and is considerate of their upbringing. Students and old subordinates miss the kindness he left behind. According to the funeral ceremony, more than 30 people have been guarding the tomb for three years. Because of the particularity of Ji Shao's death, there are different opinions on Ji Shao from the literati and poets in the past dynasties. For example, Guo Xiang and Xi Jian, who were contemporaries with Ji Shao or not far away from him, did not agree with Ji Shao's behavior. Guo Xiang thought that Ji Shao was unfilial to his father, loyal to his fatuous king and greedy for fame and position. Gu Yanwu, a famous thinker in Ming Dynasty, criticized Ji Shao and Shan Tao together, and many scholars in modern times shared the same opinion with Gu Yanwu. The monarchs of all dynasties praised Ji Shao's loyalty and gave him more gifts in order to spread the Confucian idea of loyalty and integrity and maintain the feudal rule. Du Fu and Wen Tianxiang praised Ji Shao's loyalty in their poems. However, when simalun, king of Zhao, usurped the throne, he appointed Ji Shao as his servant, but there was no record of Ji Shao shirking his duty, which may prove that Ji Shao was simalun's vassal.

Historical evaluation

Shan Tao: Ji Shaoxian, Mou Yingque. Pei: if you make Yanzu the Minister of the Ministry of officials, you will have no talent left in the world. Dong AI: Ji Shizhong is good at silk and bamboo. Pei Xisheng: Er Yi was founded, and you Xu was the leader and minister. E'e serves as an assistant. Outside sow benevolence wind, inside lift heart brawn. Be kind and brave, be benevolent but not martial. Give orders in case of danger and die for the Lord. It's true that it's true, but it's true that it's true that it's true. To rectify the king and his ministers is a legacy of constitutional benevolence. Filial piety is achieved in kinship and loyalty is achieved in respect. Wang Jie: if a man plans for an army, he will die if the army is defeated; if he plans for a country, he will die if the country is in danger, and so is the ancient way. In the battle of dangyin, all the officials rushed to the north, but Ji Shao was in charge of his duty. In case of no way, he could be called a minister or a pain. Today, if the east of the mountain wants to make a great effort, it is advisable to make a high Festival and order the whole world. In accordance with the spring and Autumn Annals, it is necessary to praise the meaning of "three tired" and add a fatal reward. Then it is far and wide known to the wind, and it is impossible not to be silent. Xie Kun: Wang Meizi, a friend, is clear and smooth, Ji Yanzu is grand and elegant, and Dong Zhongdao is outstanding and generous. Guo Xiang: Ji Shao's father died of non crime. He was once innocent. He was greedy for a position and died as a secret master. His righteousness was not enough

Chinese PinYin : Ji Shao