An Weijun

An Weijun

An Weijun (1854-1925) was named Xiaofeng. He was born in Qinan County, Gansu Province. He was a famous admonitor in Qing Dynasty. Guangxu six years (AD 1880) for Jinshi, selected Hanlin academy Shuji Shi, in 1893 he was appointed as the censor of Fujian Dao. On the eve of the Sino Japanese War of 1894, an Weijun supported the main fighting faction headed by Emperor Guangxu, and continuously went on 65 courses. The most famous one was "please kill Li Hongzhang Shu" and "please ask the Ming imperial edict for prevarication law" in 1894. An Weijun's letter shocked Kyoto, but he was dismissed and sent to Zhangjiakou military station because he was convicted. When the capital was built, people presented the word "iron man in the upper part of the dragon" to each other. After 1899, an Weijun lectured in longxinan an academy. He ran a school in his hometown and was the general teacher of Beijing Normal University during the revolution of 1911. He is the chief editor of Gansu new general annals (100 volumes), and has five books, including Jianyuan manuscript and Wangyun Shanfang poetry collection.

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An Weijun was a 22-year-old Zhongju person. In 1880, he was a 27-year-old Zhonggeng ChenKe Jinshi. He was a scholar in the Imperial Academy and later was an editor. All his life, he was incorruptible, upright, not powerful, not friends, and his official career was not smooth. It was not until October of the 19th year of the reign of Emperor Guangxu that he was transferred to the imperial censor of Fukien Road (the official of liupin capital). On the eve of the Sino Japanese War of 1894-1895, the invasion of Japanese militarism led to serious differences within the Qing Dynasty. Emperor Guangxu was in charge of the war, and Empress Dowager Cixi was in charge of the peace. At that time, Zhili governor Li Hongzhang, who was in charge of military, political and diplomatic power, was the main supporter of Empress Dowager Cixi and the central figure of the moderates. In the face of national crisis, an Weijun, out of concern for the country and the people, regardless of personal safety, launched a resolute struggle with the capitulators. During his 14 months in office, he successively presented 65 memorials to the Qing government and 63 directly to the Emperor Guangxu. In view of the serious national crisis, regardless of personal safety, he criticized Empress Dowager Cixi, Li Hongzhang and other moderates for their treason and surrender. In particular, in December 1894, Emperor Guangxu was invited to play "please kill Li Hongzhang Shu", which was concerned about the country and the people. It was very generous and exciting. In this memorial, Li Hongzhang's crimes of bringing disaster to the country and the people were listed, and Li Hongzhang was reprimanded for taking advantage of foreign countries to respect himself. When the Japanese invaders came, "he didn't want to fight, He even "helps the Japanese pirates with coal, rice and ammunition, and looks at them day and night. When he hears of their coming, he will be angry." when he hears of our army's grain, pay and firearms, he will "deliberately detain them." when he talks about war, he will be scolded. When he hears of defeat, he will be happy. When he hears of victory, he will be angry. "He solemnly puts forward:" kill Li Hongzhang to inspire people's hearts! He weeps in tears and makes a solemn statement, criticizing Empress Dowager Cixi for listening to the traitors Li Hongzhang and Li Hongzhang Eunuch Li Lianying intervened in the imperial government and monopolized the country. He said, "since the Empress Dowager is in charge of the emperor, if she is still in trouble, how can she be superior to her ancestors and inferior to all the people in the world?" he also said, "who is Li Lianying, who dares to do political work? If it is true, the law should be based on the ancestors' legal system, how can it be tolerated?" he pointed out the privacy of Cixi's containment of Emperor Guangxu's exercise of state power. He also said that if it is announced to the world, and the generals and men are not excited, and the thieves are not disillusioned, that is to say, ask the officials to be beheaded to correct the crime of falsehood. An Weijun's memorial shocked the government and the public at that time. After reading it, Cixi burst into a rage and ordered an Weijun to be handed over to the Ministry of punishment for severe punishment. Emperor Guangxu, fearing that Empress Dowager Cixi would take advantage of this opportunity to make a prison full of money and kill the Patriots of the main fighting group. He intended to protect an Weijun, but could not help him. On that day, he decisively issued an imperial edict in his capacity as Emperor: "because of the difficulties of the current situation, when officials talk about it, they are willing to accept it, even if the words are inappropriate, they will not be condemned. In the event of military and state affairs, I must follow the instructions of the Empress Dowager. This is my sincerity of courteous and courteous governance, and my subjects should have mutual understanding. Today, an Weijun, the imperial censor, presented a letter to the emperor. He asked all the hearsay that the Empress Dowager was involved in the incident. Why did he speak recklessly to his ancestors? If he didn't punish him strictly, he would be afraid to break the stage of separation. An Weijun was dismissed and sent to the army to make atonement as a warning. The Emperor Guangxu's edict was obviously to save an Weijun's life. However, he was afraid that Cixi would blame him for the crime of favoritism, so he immediately called together the ministers to discuss the decision to punish an Weijun and asked the Empress Dowager to make a final decision. Empress Dowager Cixi was very angry when she heard the music and said, "that's enough. Don't be too light!" at this time, Prince Gong Yi Luo (the sixth son of Emperor Daoguang and the uncle of Emperor Guangxu) knelt down and said, "in the 11100 years of our Dynasty, we never killed the admonishment officials, and begged the Empress Dowager to do the same. After being advised by the ministers, the Empress Dowager's anger "began to be slightly understood.". Only then did he decide to dismiss an Weijun and send him to Zhangjiakou military station to atone for his death. the process of dealing with an Weijun belongs to the internal affairs of the court. According to sun Zhuhuan's Diary of forgetting Shanlu, on the fifth day of November in the 20th year of Guangxu, the diary says: "new words: the emperor is really a helping hand in the affairs of an Xiaofeng. When Gai Shang saw his performance, he was shocked and called to see the minister. When the plan was finished, he presented his performance to the Empress Dowager The "new tone" of this wall is what Li Hanzhang, governor of Guangdong and Guangxi, did to Li Jingmu. Li Hanzhang is Li Hongzhang's brother. He is close to sun Baohuang. The protection of an Weijun by Emperor Guangxu was originally a matter within the palace, which was unknown to outsiders. However, due to the special social relationship, Li Jingmu learned the inside story of the incident and revealed it to sun Baohuang. Sun Fu wrote it in his diary, so it spread. An Weijun's just action of being upright and upright, fearing no power and dignitaries, risking his life to admonish him, and sacrificing himself for the country has won wide support and sympathy from the literati and the people. Liang Qichao called the incident of an Weijun's dismissal and exile "the first event for the empress to cut off the emperor's wings.". According to the biography of an Weijun in the draft of the history of the Qing Dynasty, "Wei Jun was convicted by his words. His voice shocked China and foreign countries, and many people were proud of him. Visitors gather at the door, money givers plug in the road, or to give words, or to provide food, all for the supply. When they arrived at the garrison, they all respected their guests and invited their lecturers to teach the Academy. When he was banished from Beijing, his friends in Kyoto specially chose Songjian nunnery, Yang Jisheng's former residence, as his money bank, to shed tears. They also painted, prefaced and wrote poems to send them off. A friend presented a couplet saying, "if you don't learn from the Jin Dynasty, you will be an iron man; if you stay in the western regions, you will eventually pursue the northern seas. Zhirui (Boyu), counsellor and Minister of uliyasutai, carved a seal of "iron man of upper Gansu" as a gift. From then on, "the iron man of Longshang" spread all over the country. When an Weijun left the capital, Wang Zibin, the famous Knight of the capital, and others came to the bodyguard and presented him with chariots and horses. Hou Yiqing and Li Shujian (Yu Kai) from Gansu Province, who went to Beijing for the examination, personally escorted an Weijun to Zhangjiakou. Li Shujian once wrote "sending Mr. an Xiaofeng out of the fortress" with seven rhythms and four poems, in which he said: "I will fight my life to answer your relatives, and I will mend the slips to see the tears turn new. The origin of admonishment is to obey the Virgin Mary, and to speak wildly means to have an orphan minister. "The book of feathers reached the spring last night, and the buildings and boats in the sea were shaped. Du Mu's crime is hard to carry on, and gongchaowu city is still popular. In his five years of life in exile, an Weijun never forgot his grace, and never lost his heart of serving the country. For example, his poem "Bu Yang Zhong Han Gong Yun leads to two poems of five ancient times" is one tile: "if the national thief fails to get rid of him, his hatred will last forever. In his life, he still admonishes the palace and praises the palace. "The crime of a minister should be punished, and the code is unprecedented. If you don't repay your kindness in your life, give it to Cao. In the 25th year of the reign of Emperor Guangxu, an Weijun gave lectures in Nan'an academy and his hometown private school. In the summer of the 33rd year of the reign of Emperor Guangxu, he presided over the general compilation of Gansu new general annals in Lanzhou, with 105 volumes, 80 volumes and more than 3 million words, which has become a precious reference for the study of Gansu history. After the completion of Tongzhi, he served as a cabinet assistant. Later, he resigned. On the eve of the revolution of 1911, he was the chief teacher of Beijing Normal University (the predecessor of Peking University). In September of the third year of Xuantong, he resigned and returned to his hometown. He was engaged in farming and writing at home. His works include four volumes of four books, four volumes of remonstrance, three volumes of Wang Yun Shan Fang's poems, three volumes of Wang Yun Shan Fang's essays and one volume of Miscellaneous Poems. He died in his hometown in 1925 at the age of 72.

The iron man of Longshang

In the 19th year of Guangxu (1893), a memorial full of righteous indignation and iron bone was sent from Fujian on the southeast coast to the Jinluan Hall of the Qing Dynasty. It was like a thunder burst in the air. The government and the public were shocked. Because the blade of the memorial was close to Li Hongzhang, the Governor General of Zhili, and Empress Dowager Cixi, who was once in power. This memorial is the world-famous "please kill Li Hongzhang Shu". It was written by an Weijun, the censor of Fujian Road supervision, who is known as the "iron man of Gansu Province", and a native of shenmingchuan (now the peasant village of Xichuan township) in Qin'an, Gansu Province. He was born in 1854 and died in 1925. As the saying goes, "heroes emerge in troubled times.". But I think that the saying "see a hero in troubled times" is put on an Weijun to show his true character. When he was young, because he failed in the three rural examinations, his father refused to be an official. He devoted himself to farming at home and taught his sons and nephews homework. An Weijun was strictly educated by his father since he was a child. In 1873, when he was 19 years old, he got the first place in the examination and was awarded the title of Gongsheng. He served in the Ministry of punishment as a junior official of seven grades. In August of the first year of Guangxu (1875), Zuo Zongtang, as governor of Shaanxi and Gansu, supervised the first rural examination in Gansu Province after the separation of Shaanxi and Gansu. There were more than 3000 examinees. An Weijun got the first Jieyuan. In 1880, Zuo Zongtang took the imperial examination as a native and selected the Imperial Academy's scholars. Three years later, he was awarded the editor's degree. In 1893, he served as the censor of Fukien road in ducha yuan. at this time, China's rulers were incompetent, weak and conceited. To be a minister is to be deceived

Chinese PinYin : An Wei Jun4