Yu Wenrong

Yu Wenrong

Yu Wenrong? He was born in jingzhaowannian (now Xi'an, Shaanxi Province), the Prime Minister of Tang Dynasty, and the grandson of yuwenjie.

Yu Wenrong clearly believes that there are officials. At the beginning of Kaiyuan, he was appointed censor. At that time, land annexation was serious, population loss and tax revenue were affected. He suggested that the government should seize the escaped registered permanent residence and the land occupied outside the country, and make full use of the registered permanent residence to search for it. He also appointed himself as the agricultural envoy, led more than 20 agricultural judges to travel around the country, and cleared more than 800000 clients and a large amount of land. He entered the imperial censor Zhongcheng and left for the governor of Weizhou. Please restore the old road of Jiuhe, open rice fields for the benefit of people, and return to facilitate land transportation. In 729, he paid homage to the Minister of Huangmen and worked with the Minister of Zhongshu. He was good at recommending talents. During his time as prime minister, he recommended song Jing as the right prime minister, Pei Yaoqing as the Chamberlain of the Ministry of household affairs, and Xu Jingxian as the Chamberlain of the Ministry of work. In the phase of only a hundred days, he was dismissed and demoted as the governor of Ruzhou, and then he died on the way.

Life of the characters

Yuwenrong, a man of ten thousand years in Beijing, clearly recognized that there were officials. At the beginning of the new year, he paid homage to the censor of supervision, made full use of the envoys to search the registered permanent residence, and set up ten judges to persuade the peasants, which was quite disturbing and inconvenient. He entered the imperial censor Zhongcheng and left for the governor of Weizhou. Please restore the old road of Jiuhe, open rice fields for the benefit of people, and return to facilitate land transportation. He became hongluqing, the Minister of the Ministry of household affairs, the Minister of Huangmen, and the Minister of Zhongshu. Song Jing was recommended as the right prime minister, and Pei Yaoqing and Xu Jingxian were recommended as the ministers. Yu Wenrong was born in a bureaucratic family. His grandfather served as Youcheng, a minister in Zhenguan period, and his father later served as the governor of Laizhou. At the beginning of Kaiyuan Dynasty, he served as the director of Fuping County (now Fuping County, Shaanxi Province). Jing Zhaoyin qianyuanyao appreciated him as an official in Ming Dynasty and recommended him to be a censor in Beijing.

The problem of peasants' exile has become one of the major social problems in Kaiyuan period. The peasants were forced to escape from their native place by heavy taxes and services, some of them became "floating people" (Liu Min), some became landlords tenants, and the registered residence of the whole country was greatly reduced, which seriously affected the fiscal revenue of Tang Dynasty. Yuwenrong was more shrewd in politics. He saw this social disadvantage and knew that Emperor Xuanzong was worried about it. So he wrote to Emperor Xuanzong of Tang Dynasty on the 28th of the first month of the ninth year of Kaiyuan (721) to suggest that the escaped households should be prosecuted and the income of rent and tax should be increased. This proposal was right in Xuanzong's mind, and Xuanzong ordered him to formulate the method of inspection and inclusion. 12 days later, yuwenrong's household policy and specific measures were promulgated. He was appointed as a tuiguo envoy and checked the escaped households according to the books. In a short period of time, he received good results and was appreciated by Xuanzong. He was promoted from the censor of zhengbapin to the soldier wailang of liupin.

From August of the 11th year of Kaiyuan, the reform of household, farmland and taxation was carried out in combination. Yuwenrong was appointed as the "tax envoy of collusion in renting land", or "kuodi envoy". Xuanzong summoned yuwenrong to Yanying hall and discussed with him the specific measures for implementation. In June of the next year, the imperial edict of Zhi Quan Nong Shi was issued, which declared that the refugees after household registration were exempt from regular tax, and authorized yuwenrong to patrol the prefectures and counties. In response to the voice of the vast number of refugees, he proposed six years from the Department (that is, the new attached customers are exempt from six years of tax adjustment, light tax into the official, a year less than one thousand Wen miscellaneous corvee money), Zou Xuanzong approved the implementation. When he announced this policy, "the old and the young are happy, but they are obedient", which was supported by the majority of farmers.

Yuwenrong himself is smart and capable, and is good at knowing people and doing good work. Before and after he appointed 29 agricultural judges, most of them were capable talents, which made remarkable achievements in the reform of covering households and fields, customer affiliation and taxation and servitude in a short period of time, increased the number of households by 800000 to one million, which was one tenth of the number of households in the country, increased the tax revenue by one tenth, and developed agricultural production, which achieved the double effects of "flowing households and" Wang tianzai ". Xuanzong promoted yuwenrong to be the Minister of the Ministry of household under zhengsipin (Note: both the new and old books of Tang Dynasty were Yushi Zhongcheng), and gave him the power to act independently and directly give orders to prefectures and counties. According to historical records, at that time, "there were no details. First, they advised the agricultural envoys, and then they came to the power of the province. The province of Taiwan had to do what it meant. (Note: yuwenrong biography of the new Tang Dynasty) it was stipulated at that time that in busy farming season, the counties and states should be free from all labor and let the farmers concentrate on harvesting crops; for the refugees who fled and returned to their original places, the local government should send people to appease them and provide them with the conditions to engage in production, etc. This will play a positive role in promoting agricultural production.

Yuwenrong was favored by Xuanzong, but Zhongshu made Zhang say that he hated him and was afraid of his weight, so he deliberately suppressed him. Most of Yu Wenrong's memorials were refuted by Zhang Shuo. In 726, Yu Wenrong and Cui Yinfu, the imperial censor, impeached Zhang Shuo for the crime of "leading Wang Qing, the warlock, to pray in the temple at night and taking bribes from his own officials". Xuanzong dismissed Zhang Shuo and ordered him to be interrogated. The trial was fruitless and Zhang said he was released. In February of the next year, the three attacked each other, making the court uneasy. Xuanzong knew that yuwenrong didn't really perform his duty, but made a fight among his friends. So he ordered Zhang Shuo to become an official, Cui Yinfu to leave his post and return home, and yuwenrong to be the governor of Weizhou (now in the north of Daming County, Hebei Province). In August of this year, the Yellow River burst in Weizhou (the old course of the Yellow River), causing floods. Xuanzong ordered Yu Wenrong to be the Xuanfu envoy of Hebei Road, and the Jiuhe envoy of the north and South ditches and weirs of Chonghe River, responsible for disaster relief and water transport. On the above table, he asked to use the old road of Jiuhe in Yu Gong to open rice fields for the benefit of the people, and return to the land transportation capital of Yi, and the official collected the profits.

In the 16th year of Kaiyuan (728), he was transferred to the imperial court as hongluqing and Minister of the Ministry. In June of the next year, he became prime minister by worshipping the Minister of Huangmen and the Minister of tongzhongshu. He was very ambitious and good at selecting talents. He recommended song Jing as the right prime minister, Pei Yaoqing as the Minister of the Ministry of household affairs, and Xu Jingxian as the Minister of the Ministry of work. However, he often invited old guests to drink happily in the morning and evening, and formed a group of friends; he was also impatient and careless, and rejected different opinions, thus setting up many opposites. On the 99th day of Xiangxiang, he was involved in the case of impeachment of Li Yi, King Xin'an, by Li Zhou, the imperial censor of the palace. He was dismissed and demoted to be the governor of Ruzhou.

After Yu Wenrong was demoted, the imperial court was in financial difficulties. Xuanzong thought about Yu Wenrong's contribution and blamed Prime Minister Pei Guangting, saying: "I am demoted. What will happen if the state is not fully used? How can you help me (Note: Zizhitongjian, volume 213, October 17, Kaiyuan) for fear that Xuanzong would recall yuwenrong again, Pei Guangting ordered the censor to impeach yuwenrong's son for taking bribes, causing Xuanzong to demote yuwenrong to Pingle county (now Pingle County, Guangxi). In the 18th year of Kaiyuan period (730), Jiang cenju, the Minister of agriculture, impeached Zuo yuwenrong. When he was in bianzhou, he embezzled a large amount of money and was transferred to Yazhou (now Sanya, Hainan Province). He suffered a series of blows and was seriously ill. He died on the way to Yazhou. As a gift to the governor of Taizhou.

personal works

There is a poem written by Yu Wenrong in the whole Tang Poetry: "Fenghe Sheng Zhi Zuo prime minister said right Prime Minister Jing Prince Shaofu Qianyao gave a poem to the East Hall of the official banquet on the same day.".

Historical records

The 55th biography of the 15th volume of the old book of the Tang Dynasty

New book of the Tang Dynasty volume 134 biography 59

Chinese PinYin : Yu Wen Rong