Meng Jian

Meng Jian

Meng Jian? In the Tang Dynasty, he was born in Pingchang, Dezhou (now in the northwest of Shanghe, Jinan). People. Tang Dynasty minister, expert in water conservancy, the grandson of medical man Meng Shen.

Zhenyuan seven years, Jinshi and, through the erudite macro CI examination, granted the Ministry of household line to join the army, tired moved the Ministry of official member wailang. Tang Xianzong ascended the throne. He was moved to be a doctor and a counsellor. He served as the governor of Changzhou, opened the Menghe River, benefited the common people, and became an official. He has served as governor of Yuezhou, Minister of the Ministry of household affairs, governor of Shannan East Road, guest of the prince and east capital of the branch.

In Tang Dynasty, Mu Zong was demoted as Sima yuan of Jizhou and moved to the governor of Changzhou. He died of illness in December of the third year of Changqing (823), a guest of the prince and a branch of Dongdu. Especially good at poetry, good at running script. In the 11th year of Yuanhe (816), he wrote the book "Liang Geng's poems on Yu temple in Tang Dynasty". He advocated righteousness and often cared for his friends' orphans. Liu Bochu, GUI Deng and Xiao Fu translated Indian classics together.

(< I > the portrait is taken from the Mengshi genealogy in piling, Jiangsu Province, which was revised in 1928 < / I >)

Life of the characters

Young people's ambition

Meng Jian, with several characters, was born in Pingchang, Dezhou (now Deping Town, Linyi County, Shandong Province). He died in the third year of Changqing (823) of emperor Mu Zong of Tang Dynasty. Meng Jian was smart since she was a child. Around the seventh year of Zhenyuan (791), she was a Jinshi in the examination, and then took part in the examination of erudite and macro CI (during the period of Emperor Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty, erudite and macro Ci was the most important subject, and the candidates had a high status). At this time, Wang Shuwen was the Minister of the household department, and Meng Jian was the official of the subsidiary department, but Meng Jian was not attached to Wang Shuwen. Wang Shuwen hated Meng Jian very much, but he didn't want to reject him. Premier Wei Zhiyi transferred him to other departments. Meng Jian was soon a doctor. In the ninth year of Zhenyuan (793), he served as the assistant of huangpuzheng, the observation envoy of eastern Zhejiang. In the 13th year of Zhenyuan (797), he joined the imperial court with Huangfu, and worked as a member of cangbu. Zhenyuan twenty-one years (805), transferred to the Ministry of official member wailang. In the second year of Yuanhe (807), he moved to be a doctor. In the fourth year of Yuanhe (809), he paid homage to Jianyi doctor and Zhihui (the box that the imperial court accepted the submission of the subjects).

Open up the Menghe River

In the sixth year of Yuanhe (811), Chengde Jiedu envoy Wang Chengzong rebelled, and Xianzong ordered the official palace Tu Tu Tu Chengcui to be the envoy to fight, leading the troops to fight. Meng Jian thought that it was improper to "resist the sparseness" and "settle the dispute". As a result, he was demoted out of Beijing for the crime of "criticizing" and "cutting bitterly" and became a governor of Changzhou (now Changzhou, Jiangsu). During the Tang Dynasty, the Yangtze River was wide and deep from Zhenjiang, with strong winds and high waves. The navigation of grain was under great risk. As a result, most of the grain ships crossed the river from the south canal to Runzhou (now Zhenjiang) to Liuwei on the other side and transported to the North

Hebei

It's on. However, due to the high terrain of the section above the galloping bull, in case of dry water, ships are blocked, and the traffic is extremely inconvenient. When Meng Jian came to office, he learned about this situation and made a field investigation. At the same time, he learned that because there was no river in the northwest of Wujin, the terrain was high and irrigation was difficult, the harvest of agricultural crops was not guaranteed, and the farmers were suffering. In the eighth year of Yuanhe (813), Meng Jian collected 150000 migrant workers in and around Changzhou county to dredge the old river course from the Yangtze River bank near Hezhuang (now menghecheng) in the north to Wanyuan bridge near Benniu in the South and the middle of Beijing Hangzhou Dayun River bank in the south. During the project, Meng Jian went to the river bank to supervise. The river is 41 Li long, and the water flows directly to the South and into the Grand Canal. The River irrigates more than 4000 hectares of land, increases crop yields, and guarantees food and clothing for farmers. At the same time, the grain vessels can also enter the river through this way, and sail along the inner side of Yangzhong sandbank to the North Canal near Runzhou, thus diverting the water transport. In order to commemorate the achievements of Meng Jian, later generations called the newly opened River "Meng River", which has been used for thousands of years. because Meng Jian had made great contributions to his rule, Li Chun, Emperor Xianzong of the Tang Dynasty, rewarded him with gold and purple clothes and transferred him back to the central government.

Life in old age

In September of the ninth year of Yuanhe (814), he served as the governor of Yuezhou, the censor of Zhongcheng and the observer of eastern Zhejiang. In August of the 12th year of Yuanhe (817), he was transferred back to the central government as the Minister of the Ministry of household affairs. In the 13th year of Yuanhe (818), Cui yuanlue was the imperial censor Zhongcheng, and still served as the Minister of the household department. In the same year, he served as governor of Xiangzhou and governor of Shannan. In the 14th year of Yuanhe (819), the emperor ordered to set up a group of herdsmen in Gucheng County, named "linhanjian", and let Meng Jian act as an emissary. Meng jianshangzuo asked Zhao Jie, the county governor of Yunxiang County, Junzhou, to be the county magistrate of the county. However, Taisi Shangzuo suffered from the penalty code and was punished for one month's salary. In the same year, he was appointed as a guest of the crown prince and a branch of Dongdu. In the 15th year of Yuanhe (820), Emperor Mu Zong of the Tang Dynasty became an heir, and Meng Jian was demoted to be a member of Sima's office in Jizhou. At the beginning, Meng Jian was in Xiangyang, through his confidant Lu Han, he contacted and colluded with eunuch attendants. Lu Han knew Meng Jian's privacy, but gradually he couldn't control it and became more arrogant. Meng Jian is very angry. She runs after Zhou Zhong and kills him with an earthen bag. Lu Han's nephew went to the capital, filed a complaint, and told Meng Jian about the stolen goods. The censor station verified that it obtained more than 7000 pieces of Meng Jian's bribes, Tu Tu Cheng Cui's money and silk. The fact is very clear, so it was relegated to Meng Jian again. In April of the first year of Changqing (821), Mu Zong ascended the throne and granted amnesty to the whole world. In the second year of Changqing (822), it became the governor of Changzhou. Spin into the guests for the prince, the division of the East. He died of illness in December of the third year of Changqing (823).

Main achievements

Culture

Meng Jian was skilled in Buddhist scriptures, and had been ordered to translate Taicheng Bensheng Xindi guanjing with Liu Bochu, guideng and Xiao Chu in Liquan temple. At the same time, "you Gongshi, good at Xingshu", the poem is neat and good at changxingshu, which is composed of "chanting Ouyang and Xingzhou affairs", describing Ouyang Zhan's love story with Taiyuan prostitutes. Seven poems were recorded in 473 of Quan Tang Shi, and three articles were collected in 616 of Quan Tang Wen.

other

After Meng Jian arrived in Changzhou, he was honest, diligent in government affairs, building water conservancy and developing production. At that time, the Yangtze River was wide and deep from Zhenjiang, with strong winds and high waves. There were often vicious accidents of grain transport boats sinking into the river. In order to avoid the wind and danger, many grain transport boats crossed the river from the south canal to Runzhou (now Zhenjiang, Jiangsu Province) to Liuwei on the other side and went north to Hebei. However, the terrain of some sections of the North Canal is high, and ships are often blocked in case of dry water. After Meng Jian came to office, he found out this situation through field investigation. At the same time, he learned that because there was no river in the northwest of Wujin, and the terrain was high, irrigation was difficult, agricultural production was greatly affected, and farmers suffered. In the eighth year of Yuanhe (813), Meng Jian recruited 150000 migrant workers in and around Changzhou county to dredge the old river 41 Li from the Yangtze River bank near Hezhuang (now menghecheng) in the north to the Bank of Beijing Hangzhou Dayun River near Wanyuan bridge near Benniu in the south. Since then, the river water poured into the Grand Canal, which not only made the water transport smooth, but also "irrigated more than 4000 hectares of fertile soil", which played an important role in the development of local agricultural production. In order to commemorate the merits of Meng Jian, later generations called the newly opened River "Meng Du".

Historical evaluation

"The old book of Tang Dynasty" says: "Jian Xingjun is a good scholar. Those who died before making friends at an early age regard them as lonely, and each time they are thicker than Zhou's, they think that they have the style of their predecessors. However, he indulged in the teaching of floating pictures and was ridiculed by the Confucians and CAOS. " In the new book of the Tang Dynasty, "Jian you's poems are about the river and the Huaihe River. Those who are friends with them, though they die, feel sorry for their loneliness and decline. In the evening, Lu Shu was impatient. He flattered the Buddha so much that he was a shame. " Meng bamboo slips "advocate chastity and justice, and those who make friends with them, though they die, feel sorry for their orphans, but many of them are weak." they often care for the orphans of their friends. However, in his later years, he was "impatient" in his official career, pursued fame and fame, and "flattered Buddha more than ever", so he was often blamed by people of that time.

Anecdotes and allusions

Li Xun, Minister of the Ministry of punishment, once served as an observer in eastern Zhejiang. He was kind-hearted, protected the interests of the people and restrained the bureaucratic forces. When Bao Jun's term of office expired, he lived near the border of Zhuji county. He has contacts with a local tyrant, who is very rich and usually sends some fresh fruits to Bao Jun. One day, Bao Jun's wife suddenly fell ill. After others saw it, they all said that they were poisoned by a kind of poisonous insect called cup. They also learned that it was because the local tyrant had brought fruit to them. Their wife accidentally ate a little and got this strange disease. Others told Bao Jun that the local tyrant's drinking cup had killed many people. People also told him that people who raise this kind of poisonous insect will find ways to detoxify it. Now it is time to send his wife to the local tyrant's home for help. At that time, Bao Jun hired a boat and took his wife to the local tyrant's house. It took him a night to arrive. By this time, the local tyrants had already known that they were going, and they were afraid of the leakage of their own poisonous insects. When Bao Jun's boat arrived, Bao Jun went ashore and was about to ask for help. The local tyrant had ambushed more than ten servants in secret. Without waiting for Bao Jun to speak, these people began to yell at him. They dragged Bao Jun to the ground and beat him dozens of times with sticks. The local tyrant also asked more than 20 women in the village to get on the boat and pull Bao Jun's wife out to check the symptoms of poisoning. Then he grabbed her hair and hit her head on the ground. She was tortured and insulted. Bao Jun's wife was thin and sickly, and she was pregnant. She died on the boat. Bao Jun survived. Before he got home, the local tyrant rushed to the state capital by express boat and complained to Li Xun, saying that Bao Jun relied on his former county captain and brought his wife to his manor to make up charges, disturb trouble and defraud money and property, which made him very unjust and angry. At that time, Li Xun sent people to catch Bao Jun with shackles. Bao Jun has just returned home. The wife's body has not been buried, ready to go to the state capital after the funeral. At this time, the state official suddenly arrived, put on the shackles for him, and took him away. On this day,

Chinese PinYin : Meng Jian