Linghu Chu

Linghu Chu

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Linghu Chu (766 / 768 - December 13, 837) was named as a scholar and was named Baiyun Ruzi. Jingzhao Prefecture Xianyang county (now Xianyang City, Shaanxi Province) people, county Dunhuang (now Gansu). In the middle of Tang Dynasty, he was an official and a writer.

Linghu Chu was a Jinshi in the seventh year of Zhengyuan (791). In Tang Xianzong's time, he promoted Fang yuanwailang and zhizhigao, and was recommended by Huangfu. He was appointed as the Hanlin bachelor. Since then, he has been involved in the party struggle. Later, he was appointed governor of Huazhou and was promoted to governor of Heyang. In the 14th year of Yuanhe, he became a minister of worship and served as the Minister of Zhongshu and Zhangshi of Tongping. Xianzong passed away and was appointed as a mausoleum envoy. He was demoted to be the governor of Hengzhou because of his personal officials. After Tang Jingzong succeeded to the throne, he was promoted to be the Minister of the Ministry of household, the Minister of Dongdu left behind, the governor of Tianping army, and the Minister of the Ministry of official. Later, he became an official with the governor of Shannan Xidao. Kaicheng two years (837), make fox Chu died, 72 years. His posthumous title is Wen. Tired to Taiwei.

Linghu Chu Changnian served as the local governor, "good at Fuli", and his achievements were quite remarkable. He was also good at writing poetry and prose, and was good at thinking of the beautiful, especially the four or six parallel prose. He often sings with Liu Yuxi, Bai Juyi and others. His poem is "great and broad", which is good at quatrains. There are 130 volumes of Qi Lian Ji and Yuan He Yu Lan Shi.

Life of the characters

Starting from literature

Linghu Chu was born in Xianyang county (now Xianyang City, Shaanxi Province) of Jingzhao Prefecture. He was a prefect of Dunhuang (now Gansu Province). He was of the same family as Linghu depeng, one of the "Eighteen scholars" of the state in the early Tang Dynasty. He was able to write articles at the age of five, and won the imperial examination in 791. At that time, Li Shuo, Yan Shou and Zheng Dan were successively appointed as the governor of Hedong. They all respected Linghu Chu's talent and conduct and called him to serve in the shogunate, from Secretary in charge to judge. Dezong loved literature. Every time he looked at the memorials from Taiyuan, he would recognize Linghu Chu's handwriting and praise it many times.

Yuanhe party struggle

When Emperor Xianzong of the Tang Dynasty, he was promoted to the imperial court and served as a member of the court, wailang. After being recommended by Zhi Huangfu, he ordered Hu Chu to join the imperial court as a scholar of the Imperial Academy and a scholar of Zhongshu. In April of the 13th year of Yuanhe (818), he was appointed governor of Huazhou. In October, Huangfu was promoted to prime minister, and Linghu Chu was appointed the governor of Heyang.

Linghu Chu was good at governing local areas. When Wu Chongyin, the former Heyang Jiedu envoy, changed his post to Henghai Jiedu envoy, he selected 3000 Heyang soldiers to serve as pawns and went to Henghai. The soldiers in Heyang didn't want to leave their hometown, defected halfway, and didn't dare to return to the state. They gathered around the state. When Linghu Chu heard about it, he galloped to huaizhou and rode alone to persuade Xiao's fleeing army to surrender and become his leader. The sergeants dare not riot.

In April of the 14th year of Yuanhe (819), Pei Du, the prime minister, was excluded by Huangfu and others and was transferred to Hedong Jiedu envoy. In July, Huangfu recommended Linghu Chu to the court. Since then, he was granted the title of official of the court, and was promoted to the position of minister of Zhongshu. He served as Prime Minister together with Huangfu and was deeply cared for by him.

In 820, Xianzong died, and Linghu Chu was appointed as the mausoleum envoy. He was demoted to be the governor of Hengzhou because of his personal officials.

In April of the first year of Changqing (821), Linghu Chu was pardoned. He was transferred to be the governor of Yingzhou by Liang. Later, he was promoted to the crown prince's guest and the east capital (Luoyang).

In November of the second year of Changqing (822), Linghu Chu was granted the title of chief historian and imperial historian of the governor's office of Dadu Prefecture of Shanzhou, and the observer of shanguo. Ten days after the imperial edict was issued, Emperor Mu Zong of the Tang Dynasty recalled the imperial edict to appoint him as a guest of the crown prince and returned to live in the east capital. By this time, Linghu Chu had arrived in Shanzhou and had been dealing with government affairs for a day. At that time, Li Fengji was the prime minister and tried his best to help Linghu Chu. Due to the prevention of Li Shen, the Minister of the Ministry of household affairs, Li Fengji failed to act arbitrarily.

Good governance

In the fourth year of Changqing (824), Tang Jingzong ascended the throne and Li Shen was demoted. Soon, Linghu Chu was appointed as Yin and censor doctor of Henan Province.

In September of the same year, Linghu Chu was appointed as the Minister of rites, governor of bianzhou, Jiedu envoy of Xuanwu army and observation envoy of bianzhou, song and Bozhou. Xuanwu soldiers have always been arrogant and expel the commander. Han Hong, the former Jiedu envoy, was restrained by severe criminal law one after another, but failed to change his mind. After Linghu Chu arrived at the post, he abolished the harsh rules and regulations, and managed with benevolence and leniency, so that the army and the people were all obedient and obedient. According to the old rule, as soon as the new Xuanwu Jiedu envoy arrived, he took out 2 million yuan from the government treasury as private property. Instead of taking the money, he used it for the construction of government offices and hundreds of residences.

In September of the second year of Dahe (828), Linghu Chu became the Minister of the Ministry of household. In March of the next year, he was appointed as the Secretary of the military department of the military academy, the left behind envoy of the eastern capital, and the defense envoy of the eastern capital Ruzhou. In November of the same year, he was promoted to the rank of right servant of Jianxiao, governor of Yunzhou, Jiedushi of Tianping army, and observer of yuncaopu. He asked the court to change Dongping County into Tianping county. At that time, there were many years of severe drought in many areas, and even the tragedy of cannibalism, which made Hu Chu take measures to regulate the rich and save the poor, so that there were few refugees in the area.

In February of the sixth year of Dahe (832), Linghu Chu was changed to Taiyuan Yin, Beidu liushou, Hedong Jiedu and other envoys (Hedong Jiedu envoys). He had been in Bingzhou for a long time and was familiar with the local customs. He followed what the people thought was beneficial and guided himself according to the situation. Despite years of drought, no one moved. Linghu Chu from a scholar and later to try to become famous, are in Taiyuan, Taiyuan as his hometown. When he went out to guard Hedong Town, local villagers and elders welcomed him very much. Make Hu Chu stable, good governance, military and civilian are happy.

In June of the seventh year of Dahe (833), he entered the court and served as the Minister of the Ministry of official affairs. According to the old rule, the rank of "school inspector" is added to the rank of higher official, that is, the rank of high rank. Linghu Chu because of his official for three grades, should not be on the second grade class, please play from the third grade of this official class, Wenzong issued an imperial edict.

In a mess

In June of the ninth year of Dahe (835), he was transferred to taichangqing. In October, Zuo pushe, the acting minister, became the founder of Pengyang County. In November, "the change of manna" broke out and the capital was in chaos. That night, Wenzong called his right servant to shoot Zheng Qin and Linghu Chu into the palace to discuss the making of imperial edicts. Wenzong planned to appoint both of them as prime ministers. Linghu Chu felt that the prime ministers Wang Ya and Jia Lu had been wronged and died, and they were vague when they listed their crimes. Qiu Shiliang, an official in power, was very unhappy, so he would change his appointment to Li Shi as prime minister, while Ling Hu Chu would concurrently serve as a salt and iron transport envoy.

Before that, Zheng Zhu, a favorite minister, had set up tea envoys in the secret ensemble, who were led by salt and iron envoys. After Linghu Chu took office, he asked to cancel the establishment of tea envoys; he also suggested that the town's festival envoys should only wear official uniforms when they pay homage to thank you, and should not be equipped with guards of honor and weapons; Linghu Chu also asked to cancel the 13700 pieces of silk used to repair Qujiang Pavilion and replace it with Shangshu province. Wenzong accepted all his suggestions.

On the third day of March in the first year of Kaicheng (836), Emperor Wenzong held a banquet at Qujiang Pavilion. Linghu Chu, who just killed the prime minister and others, should not be rewarded with the banquet, so he called himself ill and did not go there, and was praised by the critics. Linghu Chu loathed the eunuch's power and asked for dismissal many times. In April, Linghu Chu served as the school inspector Zuo pushe and Xingyuan Yin, and served as the governor of Shannan Xidao.

Sick Hong official house

On November 12, the second year of Kaicheng (December 13, 837), Ling Hu Chu passed away as a festival envoy in Shannan Xidao. He was seventy-two years old. His posthumous title is Wen. Later, because of his son Linghu GUI, he presented it to Taiwei.

Main impact

Politics

Linghu Chu Changnian served as the local governor. The old book of Tang called him "good at Fuli"

After the change of Ganlu, Linghu Chu, who also led the transportation envoy of salt and iron, requested to stop setting up a tea envoy, and suggested that the governor should not prepare any guard of honor or weapons when he was present, and that more than 10000 pieces of silk from Qujiang Pavilion should be used by Shangshu Province. These three suggestions were adopted by Tang Wenzong.

literature

Linghu Chu is a talented and talented person who can write and write poems. It is known in history that "he is good at playing and making poems, and every success is satirized.". At that time, there was no successor for the ancient writers, so Linghu Chu became known as the "four or six parallel prose" in the world, and was regarded as the "best writer". Gao buying's parallel prose is known as the ancient prose school after Yu Xin.

Linghu Chu recommended Li Shangyin and taught him the skill of parallel prose, which was a good story. In his later years, there were many works of singing and answering with Liu Yuxi and Bai Juyi.

In the 12th year of Yuanhe (817), Linghu Chu was selected into the book of Yulan poetry.

Historical evaluation

Li Shangyin: sage has master, honest has Boyi. Floating soul and deep soul, the public with it. Therefore, the mountains are majestic and Yuxi is in the middle. I'll send my father back, I'll be a wormwood. (< I > official documents of Linghu, the founder of prime minister state < / I >)

Li Ang: when you were born a famous official, you have a right to die. You can say that you have both ends. (< I > "imperial edict for the posthumous title of Linghu Chu" < / I >)

Liu Yuxi: first of all, from the article and Zhida, danqingjinghua, Kun fan Fang, if not yanxiangfeng, the fate of all things, but with the name of the end, there is Tang Wenchen Linghu Gong really. (< I > preface to the collection of Sikong Linghu Gong presented by the former Prime Minister of Tang Dynasty) < I >) ② Shigong took part in the Da Lu Ji room, with Wen Xiong on the side. The commentators said that one side was not enough to be used, and that it was worshipped by the emperor. Lei Qian Yi Cao Lang, was ascended Xiye, into the Department, Xu Mo MIWU, then appointed the leader, Si to Wenxiong in the country. (< I > preface to the collection of Sikong Linghu Gong presented by the former Prime Minister of Tang Dynasty) < / I >) ③ however, Pengyang Gong took the title of the imperial family by his ci pen, and took part in the service. The doctor was in charge of writing and writing, so he ascended Shuheng, and the person who spoke about the article was regarded as the crown. Support section general army, lead the body and the public, stay in favor of the league

Chinese PinYin : Ling Hu Chu