Sun Xun

Sun Xun

Sun Xun (962-1033) was born in Boping, Bozhou (now Boping Town, Chiping County, Shandong Province). In the Northern Song Dynasty, he was a minister, Confucian classics scholar and educator.

When you are young, you learn to become a talented person. When Emperor Taizong of the Song Dynasty entered the Imperial College, it was straightforward. During the reign of emperor Zhenzong, he served as an official of all kings, and was sent to LongTuge to wait for the system. Renzong ascended the throne. He was selected as a scholar of Imperial Academy by a famous Confucianist. He was sentenced to the Imperial Academy. Later, he moved to be a minister of the Ministry of war, a scholar of LongTuge, and a minister of rites. In his later years, he became an official of the prince Shaofu.

Mingdao two years, died at home. He became famous for his study of Confucian classics and stuck to the Confucian doctrine all his life. He is the author of classic Huiyan, Wujing jiejie Jie, Yueji Tu, Wufu system and so on. He is also the completion of "Shu" in Mencius' annotations in thirteen classics.

Life of the characters

Sun Xun was born in Boping, Bozhou (today's Boping Town, Chiping, Shandong). He moved back to Xucheng (today's Dongping, Shandong).

Since childhood, Sun Xun and his young friends in his hometown have studied the five classics with Wang Che, a scholar from Tongjun county. He is smart and studious, and his academic performance is particularly good. After the death of Wang Che, the teacher, hundreds of students who had followed Wang Che to study also took him as their teacher and asked him to solve problems. He gave detailed and satisfactory answers to all the questions raised by the students. Due to the trust and support of the society, when he grew up, he started his private school in his hometown and began his teaching career.

In the second year of Duangong (989), Emperor Taizong of the Song Dynasty, he took part in the imperial examination held by the imperial court, and was awarded the title of master book of Ju county with the title of "nine classics". Later, he was promoted to Dali and Guozijian. At that time, Taizong of Song Dynasty also personally went to the Guozi to monitor his lectures on Shujing, and highly appraised and praised Sun Xun's lectures.

In Zhenzong's time, he was promoted to taichangliyuan, the imperial supervisor of sinang temple. After that, he was promoted to work doctor and LongTuge. Sun Xun is upright, does not flatter, please others. At the beginning of the great auspicious Fu Dynasty, some people said that they got the book of heaven at zuocheng Tianmen. Zhenzong wanted to welcome Tianshu in person and asked Prime Minister Wang Dan. Wang Dan said, "Tianfu is in accordance with the destiny, and it is in accordance with the virtue." When Sun Yu was asked, he said, "what did you hear about heaven? How can there be a book?" The Emperor didn't listen. He wrote to heaven and announced to the world. This year, the book of heaven came down to Mount Tai again. Zhenzong wanted to accept Fu's order and go to Mount Tai for Zen. Wang qinruo and Ding Wei, the Chief Secretary of the Privy Council, who participated in the political affairs of Zuo Jianyi, and Du Hao, the Chief Secretary of LongTuge, who participated in the political affairs of Zuo Jianyi.

In the fourth year of Dazhong Xiangfu, Zhenzong believed people's words and launched the activity of "sacrificing fenyin". At this time, there was a severe drought, and the food in the counties near the capital was expensive. Sun Xun wrote a letter to admonish him, pointing out: now the national civil engineering has been going on for years, and the flood and drought disasters have made the people live a hard life. Regardless of the safety of the country, the emperor was determined to stay away from the capital and offer sacrifices to fenyin. It was just to follow Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty and Emperor Ming of the Tang Dynasty to visit famous places, engrave stones to praise their achievements, and make them famous in later generations. Zhenzong did not listen. Sun Xun asked for his father's return to the field as an excuse for his old age. After two years, he was appointed doctor Zuo Jian.

In the middle of Tianxi, Zhu Neng offered Qian you a letter to heaven. Regardless of his personal safety, Sun Xun wrote again to admonish him: Zhu Neng is a treacherous villain. His majesty believed his words and said, "bow to the emperor to welcome him." all the people, from the imperial court to the common people, were grieved for this. In the Han Dynasty, there was a general Wen Cheng who first let the cattle swallow the books. Then he said that there was a strange book in the belly of the ox, and there was a book to kill the ox. everyone believed it, but the only Emperor didn't believe it. He recognized that the book was the handwriting of general Wencheng. So he killed general Wencheng to rectify the rumors. The doings of Zhu as like as two peas general are the same. Later, Zhenzong asked the Minister of the Ministry of official affairs to ask Minzhong for his views on the current politics, and he spared four things: accepting remonstrance, forgiving straightness, lightening corvee, and reducing taxes. Dido adopted it. Implementation.

Renzong ascended the throne and was called to be a scholar of Hanlin. Every time he talked about the monarchs and ministers who were in disorder and subjugated the country in history, Sun Xun made repeated allegory and admonishment. Sometimes Renzong's heart was not in the book, so Sun Xun stopped reading and waited respectfully. When the emperor came back, he apologized. Sun Shu's Wu Yi TU was dedicated to the emperor. The emperor placed it in the lecture Pavilion and kept in mind the admonition of his ministers. During the reign of Renzong, he served successively as the Minister of the Ministry of war, the Bachelor of LongTuge, the Minister of the Ministry of industry, the Minister of the Ministry of rites and so on. Finally, he became an official as Prince Taifu.

In 1033, sun died at the age of 72. After hearing the news, Renzong was sentimental for a long time. He gave Zuo pushe a posthumous title of "Xuan" for his one-day withdrawal.

Main achievements

Sun Xun lived for more than 70 years and worked as an official in the imperial court and local government for about 40 years. He has successively experienced three dynasties: Song Taizong, song Zhenzong and song Renzong. But his main career in his life was education. Before entering the official career, he began his teaching career. When he was appointed as the master of Juxian County according to the nine classics, he submitted a report to Taizong of Song Dynasty and asked to be a teacher in Guozijian. So he was appointed the Imperial College to speak directly. During the reign of emperor Zhenzong of Song Dynasty, he was also appointed as a teacher of the royal families and also as a supervisor of the Imperial Academy. During the reign of emperor Renzong of the Song Dynasty, Sun Xun was appointed as a teacher of the court. Until the year before his death, he was still teaching tirelessly in the court.

Sun Xun always combined the classic history with the reality of ruling the country and the people at that time. Admonishing the rulers at all levels, taking the "disorderly monarchy and subjugation" of the previous generation as a warning, sympathizing with the sufferings of the people, in order to consolidate the rule of the Song Dynasty. In the first year of Dazhong Xiangfu (1008), Emperor Zhenzong was going to welcome the "book of heaven". Sun Xun said frankly, "I only heard Confucius say" what's the word of heaven "? How can there be a book?" It is definitely against the saying that heaven has will. He often admonishes Zhenzong when he worships mountains and gods everywhere. When Sun Xun gave a lecture to Renzong, "every time he talked about the chaos of the monarch and the subjugation of the country in the previous life", he always "repeatedly satirized.". Because he worked as a teacher for a long time, and many officials in the central and local governments of the imperial court were his students, Sun became an influential educator at that time.

Personal works

Sun Xun wrote many works in his life and was admired by scholars. He selected and compiled 50 volumes of classic Huiyan from the collection of Wujing, and wrote chongsilu, yuejitu, Wujing jiejie and Wufu system. He took part in revising the interpretations of Zhuangzi and Erya, correcting the fallacies and rhymes of Shangshu, Analects of Confucius, Xiaojing and Erya, and compiling zhenzongshilu. At the same time, it is also the completion of "Shu" in "Mencius Annotation" (Zhao Qi's annotation and Sun Xun's annotation).

Character evaluation

Song Qi: at that time, it was only sun Gongyu of Le'an, who was able to provide guidance and strategies. When the sun rises, the abyss is still. In the past ten years, jueyou has been in the prime of life. ② Sun Xuangong, a great scholar of the time, also began to count (Shuo).

Chinese PinYin : Sun Shi