Yao he
Yao he
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Yao he (777-843), a famous poet in Tang Dynasty. Shanzhou (now Shanxian County, Henan Province) people, Prime Minister Yao chongzeng nephew. In the 11th year of Yuanhe (816), he was awarded the title of Jinshi. He served successively as censor of supervision, censor of Jin and hang States, doctor of the Ministry of punishment, and Secretary of the Ministry of justice. He is known as Yao's martial arts in the world, and his poetry school is called "martial arts style". His life can be seen in the epitaph of Yao he unearthed in Luoyang.
At that time, Yao he was famous for his poems and had a lot of friends. He had contacts with Liu Yuxi, Li Shen, Zhang Ji, Wang Jian, Yang Juyuan, Ma Dai, Li qunyu, etc. His poems are similar to Jia Dao's, but they are a little more plain than Jia Dao's. It is called "Yao Jia" in the world.
He is good at five rhythms. He is good at describing the natural scenery and official situation. However, the theme of the style is monotonous and the depiction of the scenery is trivial. In the Ming Dynasty, Hu Zhenheng commented on his poems, saying: "washing is pure and upright. They are interested in the seclusion of LANGXIAN, and bright in their luck; they are based on their origin, shallow in their construction, and charming in Qianfen. Almost at the same time, the number of children, Qiao CuO their elders. But the body seems sharp and small, and the taste is also slight. Therefore, the quality Bureau of zhongsi'er (Tang Yingui signature). His poems have a certain influence on later generations. He was once learned by the "four spirits of Yongjia" (see the "four spirits") in the Southern Song Dynasty and the poets of the river and lake poetic school. His posthumous title is Yi.
Profile
Yao he is an outstanding poet of Tang Dynasty in China. He was born in Shanzhou (now Shanxian County, Henan Province) with the name of Daning. He comes from the Yao family of Wuxing, a famous Prime Minister of Tang Dynasty. He is a great nephew of Yao Chong. In the 11th year of Yuanhe (816), he was a Jinshi, and was awarded the master of martial arts. He served successively as censor of supervision, censor of Jin and hang States, doctor of the Ministry of punishment, and Secretary of the Ministry of justice. He is known as Yao's martial arts in the world, and his poetic school is called martial arts style. Yao he was famous for his poems at that time. He was friendly with Jia Dao, and his poems were similar to those of Jia Dao. However, his poems were a little more superficial than those of Jia Dao. He is good at five rhythms. He is good at describing the natural scenery and official situation. However, the theme of the style is monotonous and the depiction of the scenery is trivial. His poems were learned by the four spirits of Yongjia and the poets of Jianghu school in the Southern Song Dynasty. This biography "Yao Shaojian poetry collection" 10 volumes, another edited "Ji Xuan collection".
At that time, Yao he was famous for his poems and had a lot of friends. He had contacts with Liu Yuxi, Li Shen, Zhang Ji, Wang Jian, Yang Juyuan, Ma Dai, Li qunyu, etc. In the Ming Dynasty, Hu Zhenheng commented on his poems, saying: "washing is pure and upright. They are interested in the seclusion of LANGXIAN, and bright in their luck; they are based on their origin, shallow in their construction, and charming in Qianfen. Almost at the same time, the number of children, Qiao CuO their elders. But the body seems sharp and small, and the taste is also slight. Therefore, the quality Bureau of Zhongsi ear. His poems had a certain influence on later generations, and were learned by Yongjia Siling (see Siling style) and the poets of the river and lake school in the Southern Song Dynasty.
According to the epitaph of Yao he, "in the second year of Huichang, renxu was in the summer and may, and the words were not clear to the eye, so they were private. In winter and December, when I was sick for more than ten days, I was on the 20th of the month, and on the fifth day of the month, I started my hands and feet in Jinggong Li. I was sixty years old and six years old. " According to this, he died on December 25, the second year of Huichang (January 28, 843).
Main achievements
There are 10 volumes of Yao Shaojian's poetry anthology in today's biography, including the printed edition of Jigu Pavilion in Ming Dynasty and the photocopy of Sibu congkan in Ming Dynasty. In addition, Ji Xuan Ji is included in ten poems of Tang Dynasty. His deeds are reflected in the biographies of the new and old books of the Tang Dynasty.
In his later years, Yao he compiled a collection of Tang poetry, named jixuanji. He selected 21 people, nearly 100 poems, including Wang Wei, Zu Yong, Li Duan, Geng Gai, Lu Lun, Si kongshu, Qian Qi, Lang Shiyuan, Chang Dang, Han Hong, Huang Fuzeng, Li Jiayou, Huang furan, Zhu Fang, Yan Wei, Liu Changqing, Ling Yi, FA Zhen, Jiao ran, Qing Jiang and Dai shulun. In his preface, he said: "all these poets are poets The archers also chose those who were extremely mysterious in the crowd. They did not choose Li / Du / yuan / Bai or Meng / Han / Liu / Liu. In Yao he's eyes, the losers such as Li / Du / yuan / Bai / Meng / Han / Liu / Liu were not "extremely mysterious".
The original meaning of the word "Xuan" is abstruse and mysterious, which originated from the language "mysterious and mysterious / the gate of all wonders" in Laozi. Most of the people selected by Yao he are actually indifferent to life. The poems selected by Yao he say that although "Xuan" is far fetched, it has little temper and is as light as water. From the selection of this collection, we seem to catch a glimpse of Yao he's outlook on life and poetry. As far as poetry is concerned, it is reasonable for the biography of Tang Caizi to comment on his "insipid spirit". However, in his official career, it is hard to understand that he is indifferent. Although he repeatedly shows that he has never been an official wholeheartedly, and his mind is full of the idea of living in the mountains and fishing and retiring, it is probably no accident that he has been a Secretary Supervisor of grade three.
Life of the characters
Yao he was born in 779 and Yao he was born in 777. It is wrong to say that he was the great grandson of Yao Chong, the Prime Minister of Xuanzong, in the biography of Tang gifted scholars. In the late Qing Dynasty, Luo Zhenyu's epitaph postscript of Yao's family in Wu Xing, the wife of Li Gong, found that "Suan" was the son of Yuan Jing, "Su" was the grandson of Yuan Jing, "he" was the great grandson of Yuan Jing. It can be seen that Yao he's great grandfather was Yao Yuanjing, who served as the official of the imperial court / the Minister of the xingsinang Temple / Zongzheng Shaoqing; his grandfather was Yao Suan, who served as the magistrate of Yanling County / the Sima of Ruzhou County; his father was Yao Su, who served as the magistrate of Xiangzhou Linhe county / the prince's son. Wu Xing recorded in the epitaph is today's Zhejiang / Huzhou, which should also be Yao he's native place.
How many times did Yao he fall before he was 38? I don't know. He once wrote a poem "xiadi", which expressed his shame and embarrassment when he had no face to go back to his hometown to see his father and his neighbors. In the 11th year of Yuanhe (816), he finally came to the imperial examination. I'm afraid he was also taken care of by Li Fengji, who was then the chief examiner and was soon promoted to prime minister. Yao he and later wrote a poem to his brother-in-law Guo Jian, in which there was a sentence "the prime minister holds the handle of the article / reads his heart and is proficient / he is not humble in art / he was specially listed as a student". It can be seen that he was once accepted by Li Fengji as a student at that time, so it's natural to give him a high score when marking the paper. But Yao he didn't seem to expect that he would still be in the second place, so that surprise is far better than happiness. It's just the so-called "things come from non intention / happiness is often less than surprise".
About two years after he became a Jinshi, Yao he was awarded the title of the master of Shaanxi / Wugong County, which was the lower rank of zhengjiupin. In other words, Yao he's official career began at the age of 40. The chief official is a civilian, mainly responsible for recording the daily events of the county and all kinds of documents of the County Department. The "county annals" we see today are handed down from the records of the main books of the past dynasties. Thanks to these silent records, although they are the lowest ranking officials, their contributions have shown great value over time. Of course, a county can not happen every day, so the main book is still relatively idle. There are plenty of time to write poems, drink wine, raise flowers and grow their own garden. You can also walk around the county as long as you don't go out. In the Tang Dynasty, if the officials of prefectures and counties did not go to other counties for official business, they were regarded as "going out of the border privately". Even the assassins and county magistrates were punished by "one hundred sticks".
From the beginning of his official career, Yao he was half hearted and took a secluded attitude. In the poem "thirty poems in Wugong County", the first sentence of his first poem shows the idea of "the county is far away from the Imperial City / being an official and being a hermit". In the second poem, he also says that "being an official is natural / being an official is a matter of rarity." In addition, it is more empty; the ninth one says "there is nothing else to do when you are in an official position / you can plant mantingsha"; the seventeenth one says "you often beg for leave every ten days / you can pay every other month" (even if you don't want to get your salary every other month); the twenty second one says "you should keep your health in a remote county / you should say that you like the official position". The third one, I think, is the representative of his series of poems, which fully reveals his leisure outlook of life at the age of 40----
Micro officials are like horses, just in the dust. I am poor everywhere, but I am old all the year round.
A book sells one's eyesight, a glass of wine consumes one's mind. As early as the rest plan, living in this body. As soon as I became an official, I would retire. It's rare for such people. So Mr. Wen Yiduo said that he was in the "small department" It's not like Bai Juyi's "under the banner of improving society They sobbed to the society about the morbid tragedy of their different classes. But I think it's just poetry. Yao he's real life is different from poetry. Let's take a look at his official fortune!
In Wugong County, Yao he stayed for three years, so-called "three years in charge of printing, sitting in the mountain, and staying in Pepsi for rest". After rank full, he temporarily relieved his post. In the two poems "strike Wugong County will enter the city", his joy of being unofficial suddenly appeared on the paper. I don't know whether he said it to others or he really didn't want to do anything, because soon, he went to the Wei Bo Jiedushi shogunate to work with the army. At that time, Wei Bo Jiedushi was Tian Hongzheng, who had many titles and titles, such as Guanglu doctor / jianjiaositu / zhongshuling / Shangzhu state / yiguogong, etc. from Yao he's poem "reward Guanglu Tianqing Liuyun Jianji", we can see that he was invited by Tian Hongzheng to Wei Bo Jiedushi shogunate. Although Tian Hongzheng also wrote poems, he was not a poet. After all, he had the official title of Jiedushi. His main business was to lead the army, defend the land and pacify the rebellion. Yao he still expressed his mind in his poems when he was with a group of soldiers - "daily search for military records / years of drinking / long eye pain / lung disease and no / the clothes of the boy and servant are narrow / the kinship is rough / when to go / still be a mountain husband" Tian Hong, who had been serving as the governor of the Wei Bo festival for less than a year, was replaced by a sugar pile named Li Guang
Chinese PinYin : Yao He
Yao he
