Da Dian

Da Dian

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Chen Baotong is a famous eminent monk in Tang Dynasty. Tang Kaiyuan was born in Chaoyang District, Shantou City, Guangdong Province in 732. His ancestral home is Yingchuan, Henan Province. Tang Changqing four years (AD 824) died, 93 years old. Dali (766-779) worshipped monk huizhao of Haichao ancient Temple (Xiyan, Chaoyang City) as his teacher. Soon, he traveled with Yaoshan and Weiyan to Hengshan, the south mountain, to visit stone monks and to understand Zen. At the beginning of Zhenyuan Dynasty, he went to Longchuan Luofu waterfall rock Zen residence. Five years (789) back to Chaoyang, the next year to create the white NIUYAN temple, seven years in the foot of the Takou mountains under the mountains to create Lingshan temple, carry forward the style of the sixth generation of Caoxi Zen, more than 1000 disciples, since the name of Great Britain monk. As a child, Da Dian was eager to learn and intelligent. He devoted himself to Buddhism and became a generation of eminent monks in the Caoxi sect of Buddhism in the Tang Dynasty. Great Britain's influence is quite far-reaching, and there are many commentators on it in the past dynasties. In Wang Anshi's poem "send to the ambassador Lu of Chaozhou", he said highly: "if you are a great man, you can be a good man." There are many people who write biographies for him. There are also many stories about his magic power among the people. He was also highly valued by the imperial courts of all dynasties. As early as the second year of Changqing (822), Emperor Mu Zong of the Tang Dynasty granted erlingshan temple the title of "Huguo Chan Temple".

Great Britain promotes Buddhism

Chen Baotong, the former name of Da Dian monk, was born in Chaozhou in the 20th year of Kaiyuan in Tang Dynasty (732 AD). He was eager to learn and intelligent when he was young, but he liked to live in the mountains. In 773, Chen Baotong went to Nanyue to worship Shitou xiqian. Shitou xiqian was a generation of eminent monks. He saw that Baotong was intelligent and sensitive. He was very fond of Buddhism. He taught Baotong with great care, and he was more proficient in Buddhism. He was introduced by Shitou xiqian, the master, in the first year of Zhengyuan reign of Tang Dezong（ In 785 ad, Chen Baotong became the abbot monk of waterfall rock temple in Longchuan.

Chen Baotong has a strong character and is not afraid of power. According to historical records, "one day, Chen Baotong was sitting in meditation. Zhang yuanfan, a moderate Cheng, came to visit. He blamed Zhang yuanfan for not meeting him, but wanted to cut him. Da Dian stood still and stabbed him in the chest. Da Dian said, "if it comes to me, I will bear my life. If it comes to justice, you will be responsible for the evil." far away, I will abandon my sword and retreat in shame. " In the fifth year of emperor Dezong of Tang Dynasty (789 AD), Da Dian returned to Chaoyang from pubuyan temple in Longchuan. The following year, Bai Niu Yan Temple (today's zhuoxi temple in Dongyan of Chaoyang) was founded. In the seventh year of Zhengyuan, Emperor Dezong of Tang Dynasty, when he came to Youling (now Tongmeng town in Chaoyang), where the mountains were green and the rivers were clear, he had the idea of building a new temple. The vast fields under Youling had been owned by Hong Dading, the governor of Chaozhou, who was an official. He went to visit Hong Dading and asked for land to build a temple. He was moved by his sincerity Finally, Lingshan temple, the second largest temple in Chaozhou Prefecture, was built. At the beginning of the founding of Lingshan temple, there were more than 1000 Dharma preaching disciples, who carried forward Caoxi's tenet and taught the true meaning of Buddhism. Their handouts were compiled into books. The modern ones include the interpretation of Prajna Paramita Heart Sutra, the interpretation of Vajrayana Sutra, 1500 volumes of Vajrayana Sutra, 30 volumes of fahua Sutra and 30 volumes of Vimalakirti Sutra He also became a Buddhist and eminent monk of Lingnan generation. His disciples, such as Sanping, benkong and Bensheng, became eminent monks later.

Da Dian and Han Yu

Han Yu, a great writer of the Tang Dynasty, was demoted to be the governor of Chaozhou as a remote place because of his admonition to the Buddha bone. Less than a year later, Han Yu became a close friend with monk Da Dian, an eminent monk of Lingshan temple, It's very opportunistic to talk with him, rather than "believing in his method" (see Han Yu's book with Meng Shangshu). This is a rather delicate story of the interaction between Confucianism and Buddhism in history, and its profound friendship has been well-known for more than a thousand years.

The friendship between DA Dian and Han Yu is more legendary. In 819 ad, Han Yu was demoted to Chaozhou. Han Yu didn't believe in Buddhism. When he took office, he heard that there was an eminent monk Da Dian in Lingshan temple, Chaoyang, who was proficient in Buddhism and literature. So he wrote a letter to invite Da Dian to meet Han Yu in Fuya. Da Dian readily agreed and went to Chaozhou to meet Han Yu. Although they had different views on Buddhism, no one could be convinced by the speculative discourse. When they talked about literature, they had the same views. "Chaoyang County annals" records the two meetings: "it is very congenial to talk about more than ten days.". After that, they wrote letters to read about Buddhism and literature. Up to now, there are still stone inscriptions of Han Yu's letters to Da Dian's ancestors in Lingshan temple.

Da Dian and litchi

Han Yu has visited Da Dian in Lingshan Temple many times. Once, in the hot summer, Da Dian ordered his disciples to buy Lingnan Litchi at the foot of the mountain to quench Han Yu's thirst. Han Yu said, "all the places near the temple are fertile land. They are good land for planting litchi. Why is the master begging with a golden rice bowl?" When Da Dian heard this, he felt very reasonable and even called it "Han Gong Yan Shan". So he ordered all the disciples to plant litchi on Lingshan slope. Later, the litchi in Lingshan temple was designated as one of the eight scenic spots.

From then on, Da Dian worked as a Buddhist and as a laborer, carrying out the practice of "paying equal attention to agriculture and Zen" that monks "do not work for a day" and "do not eat for a day". Da Dian also set an example. On the one hand, he took part in the work of cultivating mountains and fruits. He planted litchi one by one on the hillside of huansi, which is called qiancongguo. In the middle of summer, when the branches of red litchi are bent and the fruits around the temple are red and green, pilgrims who come to worship the Buddha can pick and taste the fruits at will, but they can't take them home privately. If they bring them home privately, all the litchi meat will be gone. Up to now, there is still a saying among the people in Chaoyang that "Lingshan lychee, with food but without handkerchief".

Da Dian and Lingshan Temple

Lingshan Huguo temple is located in Longshan Bay, Tongyu, Chaoyang. It was founded in 791 a.d. by monk Da Dian, the ninth ancestor of Zen in Central China. Lingshan, formerly known as Youling. Lingshan Huguo temple is one of the famous temples in Lingnan. Now it is listed as the opening point of Buddhist temples in China. The temple is named "Lingshan" because its terrain is similar to the West sky lingjiu mountain. After paying homage to huizhao, a famous monk in the west mountain, monk Da Dian traveled around Luofu Mountain and other famous temples. After returning, he took a fancy to longshanwan, a treasure land, and was generously given by benefactor Hong Dading. After going through all the difficulties, he founded the temple. Lingshan temple covers an area of 5000 square meters, with three halls, six courtyards and nine patios. The lake in front of the temple is sparkling, with its back against the green mountains, which is particularly pleasant. Lingshan temple is known as "the trace of Taoism" and a tourist attraction.

Later, Hong Dading gave thousands of mu of Futian to Lingshan temple, and his descendants followed his ancestors' example to donate money to Lingshan temple. Some even gave dowry to Lingshan temple. In order to commemorate, monks built a temple of benefactor Hong in the temple, and extolled the benefactor's good deeds.

Da Dian and Liuyi Pavilion

In 819 ad, Han Yu was transferred as the governor of Yuanzhou (now Yichun City, Jiangxi Province). Before leaving, he went to Lingshan temple to bid farewell to Da Dian. They met for a long time. Then the 88 year old monk Da Dian personally sent Han Yu to the gate of the mountain. When he said goodbye, Han Yu took off his official uniform and presented it to him. Since then, monk Da Dian has been taking Han Yu's official clothes with him until his death. Later generations built a "clothes Pavilion" to commemorate the ceremony.

Da Dian and zushi tower

In the fourth year of Tang Changqing (824 AD), before da Dian's death, he called together all the monks and disciples of the temple and told them earnestly: "I have studied Buddhism for 60 years. I have been practicing hard and my life is over. After eclosion, I should build a stone pagoda to hide my body..." He admonished his disciples not to cry, and told them what to do in the future. When all kinds of things are arranged properly, they choose to take a bath and change clothes on the auspicious day of March 14. Without illness, they will sit in silence and enjoy their 90th birthday. They will be three years old.

After the death of Zen master Da Dian, all his disciples built a bell shaped stone pagoda in the backyard. Lotus petals were carved on the edge of the pagoda base. The wall was decorated with flying dragons, animals and flowers. The body of the founder was solemnly hidden in the pagoda. The inscription "Tang Da Dian's founder pagoda" was engraved on the door of the pagoda. Three years later, in accordance with his will, the disciples opened the gate of the pagoda on a certain day. When they saw his grandfather sitting in the pagoda, his face was as beautiful as life, and his hair, toes, claws, and nails grew, they sealed the gate of the pagoda devoutly.

At the end of the Tang Dynasty, the disciples remembered the will of their ancestors and opened the pagoda door again. They found that the body of their ancestors had changed. There was only one gold basin in the pagoda, which contained clear water and a fresh tongue. The disciples closed the pagoda door and called the pagoda "Yi tongue pagoda".

It is said that the third time the pagoda was opened was in the period from Song Dynasty to Dao Dynasty (995 AD), 170 years after the death of monk Da Dian. At that time, there was only one side of the ancient mirror in the pagoda, and the image of Da Dian was reflected in the mirror. People were deeply surprised, so they repaired and sealed the tower and tomb devoutly, and no longer opened it.

Therefore, later generations called this tower "tongue Mirror Tower", and the tongue mirror tower has been covered with a layer of magical color since then. Today, the "Great Britain patriarch's tomb tower" behind Lingshan temple is a provincial cultural relic protection unit.

Great Britain's works

There are Prajna Paramita Heart Sutra and Vajra Sutra. He copied 1500 volumes of Vajrayana Sutra, 30 volumes of fahua Sutra and 30 volumes of Vimalakirti Sutra.

Chinese PinYin : Da Dian