He Lin

Niu Hulu · Helin

Helin (1754-1796), a native of Zhenghong banner in Manchuria, has the surname of niuhulu, which is named Xizhai and Huaping. He is the younger brother of the bachelor and a famous general of the Qing Dynasty. During the reign of Emperor Qianlong, he was appointed Minister of the Ministry of war, Minister of the Ministry of industry and governor of Sichuan. He is brave and good at fighting, thrifty and has a deep friendship with Fu kang'an, Minister of military aircraft. It's also a kind of calligraphy, which is rare in the world.

In 1795, Qianlong of Qing Dynasty went to Guizhou to suppress the Miao uprising led by Shi Liu and Deng from fukang'an. The next year, fukang'an died. As the commander in chief, he fell ill and died in the siege of pinglong. He was only 42 years old. Emperor Qianlong and Jin Dynasty presented him as a hereditary first-class Duke with the posthumous title of "Zhongzhuang". He was given a sacrificial burial and enjoyed the imperial temple. After he Lin's downfall, He Lin's eligibility was deprived. There is a son, Fengshen Yimian, and two daughters. The eldest daughter married mianqing, the son of Prince Yongyu, and was named difujin.

Life of the characters

Early experience

He Lin's mother died in childbirth, and his father died in Fujian. He and He Lin have both died since they were young. They live a hard life and depend on each other. He Lin is older than he Lin and takes care of his only brother since childhood. He Lin has a deep relationship with his younger brother he Lin. He Lin was able to take good care of his younger brother, and He Lin also formed the habit of listening to his elder brother's words when she was very young.

When they were studying, the two brothers divided the work. He Lin paid attention to the study of literature, and He Lin paid attention to the study of martial arts. One man and one martial arts. The future prospect is to be a general in the court. That's why he Lin and He Lin are outside the court. He Lin and He Lin were highly praised by their teachers when they were in school. Yuan Mei, a famous poet at that time, wrote a poem to praise them: "holding the sky and holding the sun, brothers share equally." "Qingtian" is Helin, and "touri" is Helian, one out and one in. He Zhen became an official first and paved a way for he Lin. He Zhen knows that "there are no weak soldiers under the strong generals" and "seven grade officials in front of the prime minister". Promotion depends on the background. He Zhen gives He Lin an idea that he must follow a special person, so he finds a GUI.

Helin and her brother are totally different personalities, but they have a good relationship all their lives. They remind each other, help each other and support each other.

A new official career

In 1777 (the 42nd year of the reign of Emperor Qianlong), it was written by a scholar to supplement the official department. Because he was the Minister of the Ministry of official affairs, he transferred the style of the work department's calligraphy and moved to the work department's doctor. In 1786 (the 51st year of Emperor Qianlong's reign), he served as weaving director in Hangzhou.

To deal with two major cases with a GUI, a bachelor and Minister of military aircraft

In 1786 (the 51st year of Emperor Qianlong), in the May of the lunar calendar, He Lin was sent by Emperor Qianlong to Zhejiang Province to inquire about the corruption case of Zhizhi Shengzhu in Hangzhou. Shengzhu, like fukang'an's father, was also Emperor Qianlong's brother-in-law. There are many brothers in law of Emperor Qianlong. Sheng Zhu, when he went to the capital to see the emperor, brought a lot of valuable things with him. He was found by the imperial censor Dou guangnai and wrote a book to Emperor Qianlong. Of course, Qianlong wanted to protect his brother-in-law, but he couldn't go too far. Hezhen deeply understood the holy meaning and sent his younger brother Helin and Agui to deal with it. The final result is: Agui was punished by Emperor Qianlong for his serious work, and Helin was promoted to be the censor of huguangdao by Emperor Qianlong. More than a year later, Shengzhu was reappointed by Emperor Qianlong and his official position was restored.

In 1789 (the 54th year of Qianlong reign), Li Tianpei, an official envoy of Hubei Province, took the opportunity to transport private timber to fukang'an, the governor of Guangdong and Guangxi by official ship. It was a small matter, but he Lin and He Lin wanted to seize this opportunity to attack Fu kang'an, so he Lin impeached Li Tianpei from Emperor Qianlong. Qianlong was just about to rectify the administration of officials, so he sent his bachelor and military aircraft minister Agui to investigate and deal with the matter. The final result of this incident was that Li Tianpei was exiled to the frontier, and Fu Kangan was accused by Qianlong for conniving his subordinates, punishing the governor for three years and the public for ten years.

In 1790 (the 55th year of Qianlong), he was appointed to the Ministry of official affairs. In 1791 (the 56th year of the reign of Emperor Qianlong), he was promoted to cabinet bachelor, right Minister of the Ministry of war and left Minister of the Ministry of industry.

be promoted step by step

Two military operations following fukang'an

Pacify Gurkha's invasion of Tibet

In 1792 (the 57th year of the reign of Emperor Qianlong), Gurkha rashly launched troops to invade Tibet. Gurkha is today's Nepal. He Lin, who was then vice governor of the Han Army in Zhenglan Banner, was sent to Tibet to work with general Fu kang'an. As a result, He Lin cooperated with general Fu kang'an very well. He was not only trusted by Emperor Qianlong, but also won the trust of Fu kang'an.

In 1793 (the 58th year of the reign of Emperor Qianlong), he was granted the title of yunqi Wei.

In 1794 (the 59th year of Qianlong), he was awarded the title of governor of Sichuan.

Suppress the Miao uprising in Guizhou and Hunan

In 1795 (the 60th year of Qianlong's reign), the famous Miao uprising broke out in Guizhou and Hunan. At this time, Helin was triumphant from Tibet. When she passed by Angzhou, she learned that Songtao's uprising army had already attacked Xiushan. Helin immediately went to the battlefield to defeat the rebels. He also led General Zhang Zhilin to work with Sima Yu to repel the rebel army. Later, he defeated the enemy general Yan Nong and attacked Huangpi in paomushan, where he recovered the pine peach and was rewarded with double eyes. At that time, fukang'an had solved the siege of Zhengda, yunnao and Songtao, attacked Shiliu Deng at datangxun, joined Lin's troops, and was appointed as the military counsellor to attack wudiao and wulongyan. He joined more than 70 rebel strongholds and was awarded the first-class xuanyongbo. He and Lin Tongguan led the army to capture Wu Bansheng, the leader of the Yijun, and was rewarded with a yellow belt. Therefore, Qianlong was granted the title of crown prince and crown prince Lin.

In 1796 (the first year of Jiaqing), fukang'an, the commander-in-chief of the army, became ill after a long period of hard work and died in the army. He Lin and his younger brother had the same heart and mind. He began to play to Emperor Qianlong and allowed He Lin to take the place of military affairs. Qianlong immediately ordered Helin to supervise military affairs. And He Lin is more and more brave, quickly captured the rebel leader Shi Sanbao.

Falling stars

In 1796 (the first year of Jiaqing), in the eighth month of the lunar calendar, Helin was sick and died of malaria during the siege of pinglong. She was 42 years old at that time.

When Emperor Qianlong learned that Helin had been ill and died, he ordered him to present the first-class Duke to his descendants and allow them to inherit. He also allowed him to build a special ancestral temple to hold a memorial ceremony. He ordered him to place his memorial tablet in Taimiao and Xianliang ancestral temple for the state to offer sacrifices on time.

In the fourth year of Jiaqing (1799), he Lu fell. Emperor Jiaqing accused He Lin of holding Fu kang'an in check and fighting in vain. He ordered to withdraw from the temple, destroy Helin ancestral hall, seize his son, Fengshen, Duke Yimian, and attack the third class light truck captain instead.

Historical evaluation

Yuan Mei: "the sky is holding the sun, the brothers are equally divided"

When he Lin died, He Lin was so sad that he wrote 15 mourning poems to mourn his younger brother. In the preface of the poem, he Lu wrote, "words are not sound, tears fall in casual writing, and chatting becomes a song." Two of them:

One: "see you as a man, see you as a poor man, marry your son and marry your daughter. How to camp for funeral, who will send me in the future. "

Second: "my compatriots are three years younger than me. They live together with the chief of poetry and books. The official sea has been separated for five years. Up to now, I have heard that it is the sound of fish

Family members

Father: Changbao. Deputy Dutong, and third class light truck captain.

Father in law: Su ling'a

Brother: he Lin.

Son: Fengshen Yimian. After he Lin died, his son Feng Shen Yi Mian inherited the position of first-class Duke. After Helin's death in 1799, Fengshen Yimian was also affected: Emperor Jiaqing ordered Helin's memorial tablet to withdraw from the temple; destroyed the ancestral hall specially built for Helin's family, deprived his son Fengshen Yijin of the position of Duke, and still changed to the position of hereditary third-class light truck captain.

Daughter: Helin also has a daughter who married mianqing, Qianlong's grandson, long before her death.

Film and television image

Character achievement

1. Pacify Gurkha's invasion of Tibet.

2. Suppress the Miao uprising in Guizhou and Hunan.

3. To offer sacrifices to Taimiao, Zhaozhong and Xianliang.

Chinese PinYin : He Lin