Zhou Chang
Zhou Chang
Zhou Changyang? He was born in Peijun in 192B. C. and was a minister in the early Western Han Dynasty. In the Qin Dynasty, it was the death history of Surabaya. In the peasant war at the end of the Qin Dynasty, Liu Bang entered the pass to break through the Qin Dynasty, served as the imperial historian, and granted fenyin marquis. Be frank. Liu Bang wanted to abolish the crown prince, he spoke out. Later, he was Liu Ruyi, the king of Zhao, and Liu Ruyi was killed by Empress Lu. Zhou Chang consciously failed Liu Bang and was depressed. Three years later, he died and was given a posthumous title.
Life of the characters
Follow Liu Bang
Zhou Chang is a Pei man. He and his cousin Zhou Causeway served as the death history of Surabaya in Qin Dynasty. When Liu Bang set up his army in Peixian County, he defeated the sheriff and prefect of Sishui county. In this way, Zhou Chang and Zhou Cao followed Liu Bang with their seniority. Liu Bang ordered Zhou Chang to be a flag keeper, and Zhou Cao was a guest for the time being. Later, they all followed Liu Bang and overthrew the rule of Qin Dynasty. Liu Bang was granted the title of Queen of Han Dynasty, Zhou Ke was appointed as the censor and Zhou Chang as the lieutenant. In the fourth year of the Han Dynasty (203 BC), the Chu army surrounded Liu Bang Tuan in Xingyang. In an emergency, Liu Bang fled quietly and ordered Zhou Ke to stay in Xingyang city. The Chu army surrounded Xingyang, and Zhou Ke killed Wei Bao with the idea that he was "a minister against the state, and it was difficult to defend with him". The Chu army conquered Xingyang and wanted to appoint him as a general. Zhou Cho denounced him: "you people should surrender to the king of Han, or you will be a prisoner soon!" After hearing this, Xiang Yu is furious and immediately kills Zhou Ke. Therefore, Liu Bang worshipped Zhou Chang as the imperial historian. Zhou Chang often followed the king of Han Dynasty and defeated Xiang Yujun many times. Therefore, in the sixth year of Gaozu (201 BC), Zhou Chang, Xiao He and Cao Shen were granted the title together. Zhou Chang was granted the title of fenyin Marquis, and Zhou Ke's son Zhou was also granted the title of Gaojing Marquis for the reason that his father died for his country.
Speak up and dare to remonstrate
Zhou Chang is a man of perseverance and courage. Since then, Xiao He, Cao Shen and others have been in awe of Zhou Chang. Zhou Chang once went to the palace to play music while Liu Bang was resting. Liu bangzheng and Mrs. Qi hugged each other. Seeing this, Zhou Chang turned around and ran. After catching up with Liu Bang, he rode on Zhou Chang's neck and asked, "what kind of emperor do you think I am?" Zhou Chang straightened his neck, raised his head and said, "Your Majesty, you are the emperor like Xia Jie and Shang Zhou." Liu Bang laughed, but he was most awed by Zhou Chang. when Liu Bang wanted to abolish the crown prince and make Mrs. Qi's son, such as Liu Yi, the crown prince, many ministers firmly opposed it, but it didn't work. Later, fortunately, Zhang Liang made a plan for Empress Lu, which made Liu Bang put the matter down for the time being. When Zhou Chang argued with Liu Bang in the court, Liu Bang asked him why, because Zhou Chang had a stuttering problem, and when he was very angry, he stuttered even worse. He said: "although my eloquence is not very good, I expect Period I know it's not going to work. Your majesty, although you want to abolish the crown prince, I hope Period I will not accept your edict. " After hearing this, Gao Di laughed happily. After the incident, empress Lu heard the above conversation in the East chamber. When she saw Zhou Chang, she knelt down and said, "if you hadn't argued for it, the crown prince would have been abandoned."
As Zhao Xiang
Since then, Liu Ruyi was made king of Zhao by Liu Bang, aged 10. Liu Bang worried that if he died, Liu Ruyi would be killed. At that time, there was a young man named Zhao Yao. His official position was the censor in charge of Fuxi. Fang Yugong, a member of the Zhao state, said to the censor doctor Zhou Chang, "although your censor Zhao Yao is young, he is a genius. You must treat him differently. He will take your place in the future." Zhou Chang said with a smile: "Zhao Yao is young. He is just a petty official. How can he get to such a stage?" After a while, Zhao Yao went to serve Liu Bang. One day, Liu Bang was not happy in his heart alone, and he sang elegantly. The man dynasty did not know why the emperor was like this. Zhao Yao came forward and asked, "is the reason why your majesty is depressed is that because the king of Zhao is young, Mrs. Qi and empress Lu are not at peace? Are you worried that King Zhao will not be able to protect himself after long live you? " Liu Bang said, "yes. I'm very worried about this in private, but I can't do anything about it. " Zhao Yao said: "you'd better send a noble and powerful Prime Minister for the king of Zhao. This person must be respected by Empress Lu, the prince and other officials." Liu Bang said, "yes. I want to think about it like this, but who can bear the heavy responsibility of Manchu officials? " Zhao Yao said: "the censor doctor Zhou Chang is a strong and upright man. Besides, everyone from empress Lu, the prince to the civil and military officials of the Manchu Dynasty has always been in awe of him. Therefore, only he can shoulder the heavy responsibility." Liu Bang said, "good." So Liu Bang summoned Zhou Chang and said to him, "I think I must trouble you. Anyway, you will help king Zhao for me. You will be his prime minister." Zhou Chang cried and replied, "I have followed your majesty since the beginning. Why did you just throw me to the princes on the way?" Liu Bang said: "I know it's demotion very well, but I'm really worried about King Zhao in private. I think about it again and again. Except you, no one else can do it. You have no choice but to walk for me So Zhou Chang was transferred to the Prime Minister of Zhao. After Zhou Chang left, after a long time, Liu Bang gently stroked the official seal of the censor and said, "who is the most suitable person for the censor?" Then he looked at Zhao Yao carefully and said, "no one is more suitable than Zhao Yao." In this way, Zhao Yao was appointed as the censor doctor. Zhao Yao had also made military contributions and served as a governor before. When he followed Chen Chen Chen as a censor, he was granted the title of Marquis of Jiangyi.
He died of depression
After Liu Bang's death, empress Lu sent envoys to call Liu Ruyi into the court. Zhou Chang asked Liu Ruyi to say that he was not in good health and could not go. The envoys went back and forth three times, and Zhou Changdu insisted on not sending Liu Ruyi to Beijing. So empress Lu was very worried and sent an emissary to call Zhou Chang to Beijing. After Zhou Chang went to Beijing, he met empress Lu. Empress Lu scolded him angrily: "don't you know that I hate Mrs. Qi very much? But you didn't let King Zhao come to Beijing. Why? " After Zhou Chang was called into the capital, empress Lu sent an emissary to call Liu Ruyi. Soon, Liu Ruyi came to the capital. After more than a month in Chang'an, he was forced to drink poison and die. Therefore, Zhou Chang called himself sick and retired. He no longer went to court to see empress Lu. Three years later, he also died, posthumous title for mourning. The title was passed from Zhou Chang's son to his grandson Zhou Yi, who was stripped of the title because of Zhou Yi's crime. Emperor Jing of the Han Dynasty granted Zhou zuoche, Zhou Chang's grandson, the Marquis of Anyang, and later was stripped of the title because of his crime.
Historical evaluation
Zhao Yao: Zhou Chang, the censor doctor, is a patient and upright man who has been respected and feared by Empress Lu, the crown prince and his ministers. Ban Gu: Zhou Chang is from muqiang. ② Su Su censor, with the military to the text. The prime minister is Zhao TALU and Zhi'an Junshen. If you do what you want, you don't get what you want. Heaven ranks the city and the earth, and meritorious deeds will last forever. Xue Ji: the book admonishes the face to follow, the poem chants the Si Zhi, offends the face not to hide, seeks the blessing not to return. Zhou Changzhi was higher than Han Dynasty, similar to Jie and Zhou; Fang Jinwu of Liu Yi was similar to Huan and Ling. Xu Jun: the court argued for the abolition of private opinion, so Zhan gang forced Ai'er. Three call back unexpectedly speechless, at this time why not more period. Cai Dongfan: Zhou Chang was not a good minister of the Han Dynasty because he firmly fought for Abolishment and upheld the right path.
Anecdotes and allusions
"Period" can be seen in the biography of prime minister Zhang in historical records: "the minister's mouth can't speak, but the minister's period knows it can't. Although your majesty wants to abolish the crown prince, he will not obey the imperial edict. " "Ai Ai" can be seen in Shi Shuo Xin Yu · Yu: "Deng AI stutters, which is called" AI AI. " At that time, Liu Bang, Emperor Gaozu of the Han Dynasty, wanted to abolish the crown prince Liu Ying and establish Ruyi as the crown prince. Zhou Chang strongly opposed this and advised Liu Bang, saying: "I am not good at words, but I know I can't do this. If your majesty wants to abolish the crown prince, I won't obey your order." Because of Zhou Chang's stuttering, when he said the above words, he said the word "period" which did not need to overlap was "period". This is also the source of idioms.
Family members
Cong brother: Zhou Ke Sun: Zhou Yi, Zhou zuoche
Historical records
Sima Qian, the 36th biography of prime minister Zhang, Vol. 96 of historical records, Ban Gu, the 12th biography of Zhao Renshen, Vol. 4 of Han Dynasty, see:
Biography of prime minister Zhang
Chinese PinYin : Zhou Chang
Zhou Chang
