Zhou ang

Zhou ang

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Zhou ang (?)? Jin Dynasty poets. Word Deqing, Zhending (now Hebei Zhengding) people, Uncle Wang Ruoxu. At the beginning, he served as Nanhe's chief bookkeeper. Later, he moved to Liangxiang and ordered him to worship the censor. He was relegated to Donghai for more than ten years for the crime of slandering poetry. He became the capital army of Longzhou, and later returned to the Imperial Academy. Zhou Ang's works are based on Du Fu, a poet of Tang Dynasty. When Mongolia rose in Shuofang, he once had the power to defend the border with six foreign ministers, and finally died. Therefore, his later works have a deep feeling about the rapid decline of Jin Dynasty. In addition to his works, Zhou ang is also quite insightful in theory. He attached great importance to the ideological content of his works and opposed the creative tendency of seeking difference and seeking novelty.

Profile

His father, Zhou Bolu, was promoted to a higher rank at the beginning of Dading. Zhou ang was born in an official family. He was born in the 21st year and was awarded the title of Jinshi. There are different policies and the order of moving to a good hometown. He went to inspect the censor. In the second year of Cheng'an, Xu Zhiguo and Zhao Bingwen were both demoted to Longzhou for more than ten years because he wrote the poem "send luduo Waibu". Later, Bian Gong was called back as the judge of the third division. In February of the third year of Da'an (1211), the Mongol army invaded the South and only went to wailang, a member of the six tribes, to finish his political work. In August of that year, Chengguo was defeated by Xuanping and died with his son Zhou Siming. He wrote a collection of Changshan, which has been lost. Try Professor Wang Ruoxu's grammar, saying that "the article is based on meaning, with words as the service." According to Li Chunfu's biography of Pingshan's old friends, "Deqing hears about his friends with filial piety. He is also fond of fame and integrity. He is kind and kind. The academic is mellow and the style is elegant. All the Confucians respected Du Zi's retreat from the United States and Korea. "

Literary achievements

Zhou ang is erudite and knowledgeable, "his writing style is elegant, taking Du Zimei and Han tuizhi as the law, and all the Confucians respect him" (Li Chunfu's biographies of old friends and Zhongzhou Collection). He respected Su Shi and suppressed Huang Tingjian, dissatisfied with Jiangxi poetry school. In view of the unhealthy atmosphere of song and Jin Dynasties, this paper emphasizes the importance of content, and holds that "those who work outside but are not good at inside can surprise four banquets instead of sitting alone; they can take oral title instead of getting approval". He also said: "the article is based on the meaning, with the words as the service. If the main force is strong and the service is weak, then there is no order not to follow. Nowadays, people tend to be arrogant about what they serve, and it is difficult to make them domineering. What's more, even if they rebel against their masters, they will not be correct in writing, though they are extremely skillful in diction. " (zhongzhouji · biography of Zhou ang) Wang Ruoxu, a literary critic of Jin Dynasty, was his nephew. He accepted his ideas and preserved many of Zhou Ang's views on literary criticism in the book of Hunan poetry. there are 100 poems in Zhou Ang's collection, which cover various subjects such as chanting the past, mourning the past, mourning the parting, describing scenery, frontier fortress, showing sympathy for the peasants, discussing poems and painting. Among them, frontier fortress poems are the most distinctive, such as frontier custom: "the wood pestle is pounding in the morning, while the chaff lamp is shining in the night. Now that Chunfeng has been broken, it is a battle to collect and fight. " It describes the disturbance of heavy taxes on the border between Mengjin and Jinzhou. It expresses feelings on the spot with deep emotion. In the middle of mozhou Road: "in the east of Daling River, ancient mozhou was like a snail living in a cottage. Outside the house, you can see nothing but white sand mounds. If the vehicle drags backward in the sand, the wind will make the sand lose its front track. The horse's hoof is half lame, the ox leads to wear, three steps stop whip, five steps stop. The sound of chickens and the sound of people have no neighbors. Writing about the northeast frontier fortress is picturesque and has a new realm, such as northbound, shandanhua, Untitled, cuipingkou, Queshan, etc. it is gloomy and desolate, which is rare in Jin poetry. Zhou Ang's original Changshan collection has been lost, and his poems are included in Zhongzhou collection.

Reasons for exile

During Zhou Ang's reign, he was exiled to the East China Sea because of a party struggle in the first year of Zhang Zong Cheng'an (1196). Li shi'er, the imperial concubine of Jin Zhangzong's wanyanzhen, was deeply loved. Her elder brother Sier and younger brother Tiege were both in important positions. Their family was very powerful, and the literati tended to follow them. In order to be good at Court Affairs, Xu Zhiguo flattered imperial concubine Li Yuan in every way. Concubine Li Yuan was born in a humble family and wanted to support herself with the help of powerful people, so she often praised Xu Zhiguo in front of Zhang Zong. Zhang Zong was so impressed by the pillow wind of concubine Li Yuan that she could not distinguish the true from the false that Xu Zhiguo was trusted by Zhang Zong. Li Yuanfei and Xu Zhiguo colluded with each other and committed treachery on both sides, aiming at Wanyan ShouZhen, who was upright, bright, highly expected and known as "virtuous Prime Minister". In December of the fifth year of Ming Dynasty (1194), Wanyan ShouZhen was taboo by the imperial concubine Li Yuan of Xu Zhiguo, who was deposed and Xu Zhiguo was appointed prime minister. The minister who usually relied on Yan ShouZhen was also dismissed. Lu duo, a good friend of Zhou ang, wrote to Zhang Zong, saying that Princess Li Yuan was born in a humble family. She was tired of virtue and her brother was in favor of bribes, which would bring about the disaster of Yang Guozhong. As a result, he was removed by slander and returned to his hometown. Zhou ang once wrote a poem to see luduo off when he was dismissed from his hometown. Unexpectedly, this poem caused a disaster for Zhou ang. His poem says: "dragon moves loach and eel dance, and owl roars at sunset.". You don't need to sigh three times, but you can smile. How did this poem attract Zhou Ang's "literary prison"? Here's the thing. In December of the sixth year of Mingchang (1195), Hanlin Wang Tingyun recommended Zhao Bingwen, the judge of Nanjing transportation department, to join the court as a candidate for Hanlin calligraphy. As soon as Zhao Bingwen was in office, he wrote to Zhang Zong that "since ancient times, no monarch thought it was ok, no minister thought it was not, but it was OK." "May your majesty be a gentleman and a villain.". The Zhang sect called Zhao Bingwen into the palace and asked, "who are the gentlemen and villains today?" Zhao Bingwen said to him, "gentlemen, keep their virginity, villains participate in politics and run the country." Zhang Zong asked: "why do you know these two people are gentlemen and villains?" Zhao Bingwen was afraid that he could not be right, so he had to say: "I'm from outside. I heard that the scholar officials of the imperial court talked about this." Zhang Zonggang was appointed as the Prime Minister of Xu Zhiguo, and was especially favored by him. Wanyan shouzhengang, who was detested by Zhang Zong, was soon dismissed. Therefore, listening to Zhao Bingwen's words, he could not help but be furious and handed over the case to Xu Zhiguo. Xu CHIGUO jailed Zhao Bingwen and interrogated him. Zhao Bingwen refused to tell the truth at first, but he confessed to his benefactor Wang Tingyun after a strict trial. He said, "I had a private discussion with Xiuzhuan Wang Tingyun, Yushi Zhou ang, provincial magistrate Shi panbao, Zheng zandao and Gao tan." So Xu CHIGUO arrested these people and searched the manuscripts that they satirized the court. It turns out that Zhou Ang's song luduo Waibu was discovered. Xu CHIGUO and others believe that the poem compares the dragon and the sun with the former Emperor Jin Shizong's Yan Yong, and compares the loach eel and the owl with the present emperor Jin Zhangzong's Yan Jing, which is rather ironic. So when Zhang Zong read it, he said angrily, "this is exactly what Shizong is going to avoid and I will become an heir!" general ministers are afraid to speak more. Sun gongduo, who is involved in political affairs, calmly played: "in ancient times, there were people and officials who planned to take dragon as their day, such as Kongming Wolong, Causeway's eight dragons, Zhao's winter days and Zhao Dun's summer days, so there should be no one else." Sun gongduo's explanation makes Zhang Zongyi understand a little. The purpose of this article is to say, "Tingyun sat down, held up and ridiculed, with 70 staff members each. He demoted all foreign officials, and was crazy and stupid in his writing. He was taught by others, so as to make up for this. "So Zhou ang was relegated to Donghai for decades. In the reign of Dading, Zhao Bingwen took up the post of ningbian, and Li Pingshan sent it to him in a poem. When he mentioned this, the poem said: the party affairs in Ming and Chang dynasties started, and the real teacher was the root. Huang Hua, a great writer, has entered Jiuyuan. doctor panzhou, you can't transfer yuan as early as possible. When he was arrested and deposed, Zhu was supported by the public alone.

Historical records

Zhou ang, the word Deqing, is a real person. Father Bolu word tin, Dading Jinshi, official to know Qinnan army Jiedushi. The 24th year of ang. There are different policies in South China. He was ordered to move to Liangxiang, where he became a censor. Lu duo was denounced for his words and deeds, sent poems, slandered his words, and sat down. For a long time, he became the capital army of Longzhou and took biangong as the third commander. Da'an military was prosperous, and he was a member of the six departments of Quan Xing. Wang Ruoxu, his nephew, tried to learn from ang. Ang Jiao said: "those who are good at writing outside but not good at writing inside can surprise the four banquets instead of sitting alone. They can take oral names instead of getting approval." He also said: "the article is mainly based on the meaning, with the language as the service. If the main force is strong and the service is weak, there is no order not to follow. Nowadays, people tend to be arrogant about what they serve, and it's difficult to make them domineering. Even if they are against their masters, they are very eloquent, but they don't have the right words. " All Confucians respect him for his filial piety, good reputation, upright scholarship and elegant writing. As a result, he was banished to the East Sea for more than ten years. When I first entered the Imperial Academy, my words became more and more important. The third division of Zuo was not good. He inherited Yu's army from the imperial clan. Chengyu was defeated and jumped into the valley. All the people wanted to go back, but they didn't follow him alone. The city sank, and they died together with their son Ming. The word "Si Ming" is obscure.

Selected Poems

[seven songs of cuipingkou (2)

】

The land is strong with rivers and mountains, and the sword armour of the camp is heavy. Ma Niu comes from the narrow road, and the light comes from the cold pine. In the night, when you fight, you will fight against the winter. Pity the heaven for setting up a risk, not entering the Han Dynasty.

【

[night watch]

smooths the forest water, retreats the sand, the sunset home on the west side of the blue mountain. no one can understand the poet, only a few crows by the cloud.

Chinese PinYin : Zhou Ang